Progression of a Mercy Unto Humanity Historical Timeline of the Sîrah The weak Muslims
The first Revelation in The Prophet’s
grandfather, ¢Abd Al-Mu~~alib, dies. The Prophet œ is given to his paternal uncle Abû >âlib.
are persecuted by the Quraysh.
the Cave of ±irâ’. The revelation of the first five verses of Sûrat Al-¢Alaq (Rama\ân).
Abu >âlib and Khadîjah die (The year of
The establishment of brotherhood
sorrow). Prophet Muhammad œ is married to Sawdah bint Zam¢ah (Rama\ân). The Prophet œ takes a journey to >â’if with Zayd ibn ±ârithah and returns to Makkah, under the protection of Mut¢im ibn ¢Adî (Shawwâl). A group of people from the Khazraj tribe in Madinah meet with the Prophet œ and become Muslim during the season of pilgrimage at ¢Aqabah (Dhu’l-±ijjah).
between the Emigrants and the Helpers (An|âr) (Mu’âkhât-Brotherhood) (Rajab). The regulation of the constitutional agreement of Madinah and the establishment of the boundaries of Muslim Madinah (Rama\ân). Permission to fight against unbelievers is granted. The night campaign (Sariyya) led by ¤amzah, the Al-Is campaign (Sayf Al-Ba^r) (Rama\ân). Completion of the construction of the Al-Masjid Al-Nabawî (Shawwâl). The night campaign led by Sa¢d ibn Abî Waqqâs, the ±arrâr campaign (Dhu’l-Qi¢dah). The establishment of the market place in Madinah. The formation of the ßuffah (porch or veranda) of Al-Masjid Al-Nabawî.
Prophet
brings Prophet Muhammad œ to his mother in Makkah.
The Second Emigration to Abyssinia. ¤amzah converts to Islam. ¢Umar converts to Islam. The Prophet œ and the
first Muslims emerge from the House of Arqam. The Hâshim and Mu~~alib tribes meet near where Abû >âlib lives to protect Prophet Muhammad œ. The unbelievers start social and economic boycotts against the Muslims.
Second Pledge at
¢Aqabah (Dhu’l- ±ijjah).
Al-Masjid Al-±aram in Makkah (Rajab).
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The Prophet’s
The introduction of the mandatory Rama\ân fast (Sha¢bân). Start of the >arâwî^ (nightly) prayer during the month of Rama\ân (1 Rama\ân). The Battle of Badr. (17 Rama\ân). The revelation of Sûrat Al-Anfâl. The death of the Prophet’s daughter Ruqayyah (Rama\ân).
Payment of alms (Zakat Al-Fitr) at the end of Rama\ân becomes mandatory (Rama\ân). The first Eid Al-Fi~r (celebration after Rama\ân), and the first congregational Eid prayer (1
Shawwâl). The marriage of the Prophet œ to ¢Âishah (Shawwâl). The Banû Qaynuq⢠campaign (Shawwâl). The marriage of ¢Alî and Fâ~imah. (Dhu’l-Qi¢dah or Dhu’l-±ijjah). The Sawîq campaign (5 Dhu’l-±ijjah). The first Eid Al-A\^a (Festival of Sacrifice) (10 Dhu’l-±ijjah). The appropriation of the cemetery of Al-Baqî¢ Cemetery after the death of ¢Uthmân ibn Maz¢ûn of the Muhâjirûn (one of the Emigrants during the Hijrah) (Dhu’l-±ijjah). Zakât (charitable alms) is prescribed.
Makkan Period
Muhammad œ is made responsible for the trade caravan belonging to the widow Khadîjah. He leads her caravan to the city of Bu|ra. The Prophet œ marries Khadîjah.
campaign (Rajab). The change of the direction of prayer (qiblah) from Al-Masjid Al-Aqsâ in Jerusalem to
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Prophet
Muhammad œ is born (12 Rabî¢ Al-Awwal 53h/17 June 569, a Monday, or 9 Rabî¢ Al-Awwal 51h/20 April 571, a Monday) The Prophet œ is given to the wet-nurse ±alîmah.
The First Emigration to Abyssinia. The Prophet
journeys to Syria with his uncle Abû >âlib. The episode of Ba^îrah, the monk, occurs.
Abwâ', the Prophet œ is brought to Makkah by his nurse Umm Ayman and given to the Prophet’s grandfather, ¢Abd Al-Mu~~alib.
al-jumuah
3h/625 ce
The marriage of
After the declaration
The boycott is lifted.
at Mt. ßafâ, the Prophet œ invites people to Islam, starting with his closest relatives.
After the death of the Prophet’s mother, Âminah, in
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marriage to ±af|ah (Sha¢bân). The birth of ¤asan (Sha¢bân or 15 Rama\ân). The Prophet’s marriage to Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (Rama\ân). The Battle of U^ud (7 or 11 Shawwâl). The ±amrâ’ Al-Asad campaign (Started from Madinah, 8 or 12 Shawwâl).
Madinan Period
±alîmah
The night raid led by the commander ¢Abdullâh ibn Ja^sh, the Ba~n Nakhlah
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The Prophet œ arbitrates in a
dispute among the Quraysh tribe about who will place the Black Stone in the Ka¢bah during repairs.
The Prophet œ fasts
The Mi¢râj (Ascen-
sion) and the prescription of the five daily prayers (27 Rajab). First Pledge of ¢Aqabah. Prophet Muhammad œ sends Mus¢ab ibn Umayr to Madinah to teach Islam (Dhu’l-±ijjah).
After the Second Pledge of ¢Aqabah, Muslims commence migration to Madinah
(Mu^arram). The meeting of unbelievers at Dâr Al-Nadwah. Decision to assassinate the Prophet œ
(26 ßafar). The migration of Prophet Muhammad œ with Abû Bakr. They hide in the cave of Thawr
(26 ßafar). Departure from the cave of Thawr for Madinah (1 Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). Arrival at Qubâ’ (8 Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The Masjid at Qubâ’ is established (Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The Prophet œ leaves Qubâ’ and performs the first Friday prayer in the valley of
Ranûnâ’, arriving in Madinah on the same day and settling in the house of Abû Ayyûb Al-An|ârî (12 Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The start of the construction of the Al-Masjid Al-Nabawî (Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). First Adhân for prayer is called.
for ¢Ashûrah. Recommended to all Muslims (10 Muharram). The Al-Abwâ’ campaign (Waddân) (ßafar). The Buwât campaign (Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The first Badr campaign (Safawân) (Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The ¢Ushayrah campaign (Dhu’l-¢Ushayrah) (Jumâda Al-Awwal).
¢Uthmân and Umm Kulthûm, the daughter of the Prophet œ (Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The death of Ka¢b ibn Al-Ashraf (14 Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The Dhî Amr campaign (Gha~afân) (Rabî¢ Al-Awwal). The Bu^rân campaign (Banû Sulaym) (Jumâda Al-Awwal).
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