Delhi World Public School Presents
FOR THE YEAR 2021-22 Editorial Board Sowmya H.S. Maheswari .C Megha Walvekar Divyashree S.S. Amitha Sajith Supriya .M
Dear Parents, It gives us immense pleasure to share the ‘Third edition’ of math stories written by the students of Delhi World Public School, Bangalore. This is a unique project that has evolved over the past four years. The students of Grade I to IX have written math stories guided by their teachers and parents. This years’ math story has been a learning experience for us as educators. Last year I shared the first edition of the e-book written by our students in the academic year 202-21 with a few of my educator colleagues and friends. One of them suggested that we must write an article and share our work with other educators, as very few mainstream schools follow story-based pedagogy. Encouraged by this, Ms. Soumya H.S began to write the article. We were fortunate to have people who mentored us through the journey. The process of writing the article and being mentored also led us to reflect on the strategy that we had adopted in the past. The constant questioning and mentoring by educators led us to re-examine the process and in doing so we learned and evolved as a team. We identified and added math-based story books to our library, developed thinking tools such as analyzing stories and crafting stories by following a methodical manner. We teachers went through ‘feed-up, feed-forward and feedback’ while writing the article and the teachers applied their learning from this process of reflection with the students in the class-room. We would like to thank the math department teachers; Ms. Soumya, Ms. Megha, Ms. Amitha, Ms. Maheshwari and Ms. Supriya for taking this project ahead and making it a success. We would like to acknowledge that this project would not have been complete without the support of the parents. Thank you for your support. We request the parents to take time out and read the stories written by our students. The article written by Ms. Soumya is titled ‘The power of stories in math class’ and can be found on pages 22 to 30. https://cdn.azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/apuc3/media/publications/downloads/magazine/At RiA-Issue-12-March-2022.f1646908885.pdf? fbclid=IwAR00s5uGiCUamCd1cqXthiMnPMTg7tZ_GNuk05j3qnWzdwMFhoVrOLdIOIk
By Ms. Vidhya Nagaraj Principal
Index 1. Peppa Pig's Birthday - Arya Renjith 2. Favorite oy - Gelwin .U 3. How I got 100 eggs - Kajish .M 4. Fun ride to wonderla - Param .M. Gowda 5. Shapes problems - Sanaa Pohekar 6. Happy women's day - Vikranth .S 7. Leela's bithday - Andrea L.S. 8. Chocolate treasure hunt - Aishwarya J.M. 9. The numbers party - Avyukth .K 10. How I build a house - Eshaanth .S 11. Shh...!! Listen.. Idlies are singing multiplication table Girijachandan 12. Saving money - Harshal .P 13. Birthday girl Janu - Janani 14. Day spent in mall - Likeleshwar 15. Rahul playing with friends at the school's playground - Madhav Mittal 16. Covid time gives many tasks - Samanvitha .E 17. Hurray it's my birthday - Basavabhushan 18. In a birthday - Daksha .C 19. White chocolates - Eeshal 20. Rita wants ice cream - Hemanth .T 21. Wonderla amusement park - Lipika 22. Funfair - Niranjan L.B. 23. Building house - Saharsh N.T. 24. The grocery shop - Shalika
25. The supermarket - Ullas Shivakumar 26. Number thief - Venkat Saish 27. Sneha at the shop - Aditi Rajbhushan 28. The last day of school - Ananya Baluragi 29. Data handling on zoo - Prajwal Gowda S.H. 30. Dad's lesson - Saksham 31. Sunday math homework - Sohan Kumar R.S. 32. Grandma's love - Suraj AjayKumar 33. Fraction Fiction - Suyog Gowda .S 34. Rajan's cycle race - Tharunika 35. Friends at carnival - Samyam 36. Tinku learns to read time - Aayush .R 37. Two brothers and two shops - Siva Kumar 38. The story begins - Chandan 39. The basketball match - Jeevan Patel 40. Oggy's birthday party - Ameya Renjith 41. Mani's adventure with integers - Raghav Mittal 42. Bunny Money - Nikhil .C 43. Bittu learns commerce - Amogh 44. Remo rabbit teaches maths - Aishwarya .S 45. Mission blasted star - Gautham 46. The Illogical - Ananth Baluragi 47. Sizing the universe - Pranav Bharadwaj
By. Gelwin .U Grade I
By. Sanaa Pohekar Grade I
By. Avyukth .K Grade I
By. Harshal .P Grade II
By. Janani R.S. Grade II
By. Basavabhushan Grade III
By. Daksha .C Grade III
Eeshal Grade III
Hemanth .T Grade III
Ullas Shivakumar Grade III
Ananya Baluragi Grade IV
Prajwal Gowda S.H. Grade IV
Tinku Learns to read time
Aayush .R Grade V
Tinku is a cheerful 8 years old boy who likes to play and have fun with his friends. Tinku is very fond of his father. One day his father will have to go out of station and would be late for home. When Tinku got to know this, he became very sad. Dad told Tinku, I will be back to home before you go to sleep. At what time you will come to home dad? I will come exactly by 8 ‘o’ clock night.
So then from the time his dad left for work. Tinku started to keep a check on the clock. Tinku asked his mother how to read clock and his mother explained to count minutes. 1 minute = 60 seconds 1 hour = 60 minutes So that when short needle is near 9 and long needle is near 12 it’s 9 ‘o’ clock. And from then Tinku knows to read the time. Mom call Tinku to come and have his breakfast, it’s already 8 ‘o’ clock in the morning. It will be late to your school. Tinku told ok mom. Tick Tock! Tick Tock! Oh! it’s already 4 ‘o’ clock, it’s a time to go home from school and have fun time and to have my snacks.
Mom told Tinku to sit and study, it’s already 5 ‘o’ clock, it’s a time to read. Ok mom, after reading I will go to play at 6 ‘o’ clock and it’s my play time.
Tick Tock! Tick Tock! It’s a time to go back home already 7 ‘o’ clock in the evening.
Tinku was very because his dad came home 10 minutes early. Dad asked Tinku, what did you do today? Tinku told dad I had a lot of fun today and mom thought me to read the clock. Oh! That’s good, come we will go and have our dinner together, it’s already 8 ‘o’ clock. Ok papa.
Tick Tock! Tick Tock! It’s already 9 ‘o’ clock at night, time to sleep. Good night.
This is how Tinku learns to read the time.
By Siva Kumar Grade V
Chandan Gowda Grade VI
Math story
The basketball Match
It was the beginning of the day and it was a very special day. Yes it was NBA world championship finals the match was at 8:00 pm and it was 6:00 am. the finals two team is Indiana Pacers and Chicago Bulls. Both the team were very. The Chicago Bulls started with gym fitness from 6:00 am to 7:00 am.
And from 7:00 am to 10:00 am they practice the moment and throwing of basketball to basket.
From 10:00 am to 11:00 am they eat their food and take rest.
And the main thing starts now they should do the training with out drinking water. It was very difficult and they should do continues 6 hours training so from 11:00 am to 5:00 pm
And then they travel from their court to the basketball stadium by a bus.
Indiana Pacers start their training at 5:00 am. They do running from 5:00 am to 8:00 am.
They do movement speed training from 8:00 am to 10:00 am.
They take break from 10:00 am to 12:00 pm.
They do dribbling practice 12:00 pm to 1:00 pm.
They do defending practice for 2 hours 1:00 pm to 3:00 Ppm.
They practice shooting basketball to basket from 3:00pm to 6:00pm.
They go to the stadium by bus.
Both the team have arrived to the basketball league in 7:00 pm and they practice in the coart of the league. The match was of two parts 20 20 minutes from 8:00pm to 9:00 PM there was a break of 20 minutes the match started because of Corona the chearing Team was online like other games. The first round started the Indiana Pacers short a half court shoot and got 5 points in 5 minutes and 27 seconds. and Chicago Bulls had a plan of time they had planned that they will do 3 minutes of defense and go to half coart and give it to their best shooter lebron James how they taught the game went like that only they got 5 points in 9 minutes 38 seconds.and thier goal was to do 18 points. and this time they had to do defense and take the ball from them and do a dunk in 5 minutes. Lebron James goes for defense and the shooting at the same time.and he manages to do the dunk in 3 minutes. In the time of 12 minutes 38 seconds. And the score was 8 points. But this time Indiana Pacers short a dunk and made a tie of 8 8 points. In first half and both teams got break of 20 minutes. And second half starts the basketball was with Chicago Bulls they had reached the half court and short a half court shot in 10 minutes 48 seconds and got 13 points . But the Indiana Pacers short a dunk at 17 minutes 56 seconds and got 11 points. Chicago Bulls scored 1 point and made 14 points in last 10 seconds. And won nba world championships.
Written by Jeevan Patel.N
Oggy’s Birthday Party
Ameya Renjith Grade VI
It was bright Sunday. Oggy woke up at early in the morning. He was so excited. Because the day was his birthday. He always would prefer to spend his days watching television and eating. He had invited all his friends for birthday party. His brother Jack, girl friend Olivia, Bob, the bulldog, Monica, his sister and his granny too. Jack came early morning to help Oggy to decorate the home. Oggy and Jack decorated the home with balloons and colour papers. jack had ordered a big delicious velvet cake for Oggy's birthday party. It was evening 6.00 pm. Olivia came in beautiful dress. Bob was well dressed with brown colour shirt and golden colour neck band. Grany was also beautifully dressed with Pink gown. Granny was a black belt holder. She was very strong, she was a math teacher too and she always loves to teach Maths to the children with live examples. Monica was very good skater, she was come in skating dress to the party.
Dee Dee, Marky and Joey – three cockroaches always loves to play tricks on Oggy and Jack. All these 3 were surprised to see Oggy’s all friends in his house. They were not aware that it was Oggy’s party. As usual they were happy to ruin Oggy’s birthday party. The party started. Oggy was very happy to see all his friends and relatives in the party. He blown the candles. Every one clapped and sung the birthday song “ Happy birthday to you, Happy birthday to you, happy birthday dear Oggy, Happy birthday” Oggy took the knife to cut the cake. Granny said “ Listen children, I am going to teach you fractions now with this cake.”
Oly, Jack , Bob and Monica were listening her, very
carefully. Because they were learning some new things. "Granny, what is fraction?" Oggy asked. Granny replied "My dear, fraction is number representing a part of a whole.
The whole may be single object or a group of object” Oly got excited asked “Granny can you give an example”, Granny replied “ Child, look here now Oggy has a birth day cake. It is a full cake, this is called denominator or a whole, whereas a part of the cake is called as numerator” Granny continued “ Let me explain you in detail. Oggy can u pls cut the cake into four equal pieces.” Oggy said “sure Granny” He cut the cake into equal four pieces. Now granny asked “ Children, how many no. of cake you have now.?” Bob said, “ Granny, there are 4 pieces.”
Granny said, “ Good, earlier it was one, now you cut one cake into 4 ; while representing this as a part of whole, we say one cake had cut into 4 . Now lets give one big piece of cake to birthday boy Oggy.
Now if we represent this in fraction, out of 4 piece we have given one piece to Oggy that is ¼. Further since we are many people lets cut this cake into 6 pieces “Now we have 6 pieces of cake. I will give one piece to Oly and another piece to Bob. So totally I am giving 2 pieces from 6 pieces. Lets use fraction concept how many pices of cake we had 6. This is the denominator.How many we gave it to Oly and Bob?” Monica said “2”. Good you are right, so here 2 is the numerator. Always we right numerator at the top; and the whole or denominator at the bottom. Here if we say this in fraction 2/6. Olly said “ now I will explain granny “ Right now we have 4 piece of cake. I will further cut this into 8 pieces and will distribute to others. By that time Dee Dee, Joey and Marky came and snatched 3 pieces of cake at ate it without any hesitation.
Oggy started glaring the 3 cockroaches…. Oly said its ok Oggy, leave it… Its your birthday today, don’t get upset. Granny I will continue now. We had 8 pieces of cake and 3 had taken by these naughty cockroaches. If I tell thin using fraction concept it is 3/8. I am I right Granny… You are right my darling… You have understood properly…. Granny said “ Kids to understand fraction in detail now I will narrate you a story” . There was a girl called Peppa. she had forgot her lunch at home so, a her friend Rebecca invited Peppa to share her lunch . Rebecca was his classmate they both were studying in 7th grade. Rebecca had 5 hotdogs in her lunch box.
So,Peppa and Rebecca each took two hotdogs. Then Rebecca made two equal halves of the fifth 5th hot dog and gave one half to Peppa and took the other half herself. Thus, both Peppa and Rebecca had 2 full hotdogs and one-half hotdog. Peppa knew that one-half is written as ½ .While eating she further divided her half hotdog into two equal parts and asked Rebecca what fraction of the whole hotdog was that piece?
Without answering, Rebecca also divided her portion of the half hotdog into two equal parts and kept them beside Peppa’s shares. She said that these four equal parts together make one whole .So, each equal part is one-fourth of one whole hotdog and 4 parts together will be 4/4 or 1 whole hotdog.
When they ate ,they discussed what they had learnt earlier .Three parts out of 4 equal parts is ¾ . Similarly , 3/7 is obtained when we divide a whole into seven equal parts and take 3 parts. For 1/8 , we divide a whole into eight equal parts and take one part out of it.
3/7
1/8 Rebecca said that we have learnt that a fraction is a number representing part of a whole. Peppa observed that the parts have to be equal. Now have you all understood? Granny asked… All of them replied “yes.. Granny.” Granny was very happy she ordered a large family pizza to all. Every one was having cake and enjoying the party with song and dances… Dee Dee, Joey and Marky were watching the party and dreaming to have Pizza….. mmmMm.
THE END
MANI’S ADVENTURE WITH INTEGERS
BY RAGHAV MITTAL GRADE 6 DELHI WORLD PUBLIC SCHOOL
Mani is a boy who is curious to know about mathematics concepts. He is of 12years old he studies in grade 6 today is the beginning of second semester in which integers will start today. Teacher is teaching integers to class 6,
teacher was seeing that no one was understanding anything so she decided to take them to a education trip and the principal said to go to goa for education trip like this they were in Aeroplan.
Mani asked one question to his teacher mam how much above we are, teacher replied +15000 m above in sky. Soon pilot told to fasten seat belt as they are going at 20000 more above from present level. Then teacher asked Mani how to calculate what level we are going .Then Mani answered +15000m+ 20000m = +35000m. Plus sign indicates above .Mam told very good Mani. When the plane landed Mani and his friends along with their teachers reached Goa. They booked Hotel named holiday Inn. Soon after getting freshens up in hotel kids started feeling bore. For time pass Mani’s classmate vikram suggested we can play a game, but they don’t have anything .Then teacher came and she solved their problem by making one number strip out of tissue paper marked from 0 to 18 at equal intervals.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 To begin with, both of them placed a coloured token at the zero mark. Two coloured dice are placed in a bag and are taken out by them one by one. If the dice is red in colour, the token is moved forward as per the number shown on throwing this dice. If it is blue, the token is moved backward as per the number shown when this dice is thrown. The dice are put back into the bag after each move so that both of them have equal chance of getting either dice. The one who reaches the 19th mark first is the winner. They play the game. Mani gets the
red die and gets four on the die after throwing it. He, thus, moves the token to mark four on the strip. Vikram also happens to take out the red dice and wins 3 points and thus, moves his token to number 3. In the second attempt, Mani secures three points with the red dice and Vikram gets 4 points but with the blue dice. Where do you think both of them should place their token after the second attempt? Mani moves forward and reaches 4 + 3 i.e. the 7th mark.
Whereas Vikram placed her token at zero position. But Mani objected saying she should be behind zero. Vikram. But there is nothing behind zero. What can they do? Vikram and Mani then extended the strip on the other side. They used a blue strip on the other side.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Now, Vikram suggested that he is one mark behind zero, so it can be marked as blue one. If the token is at blue one, then In this way they decided to move backward. Another day while playing they could not find blue paper, so Mani said, let us use a sign on the other side as we are moving in opposite direction. So you see we need to use a sign going for numbers less than zero. The sign that is used is the placement of a minus sign attached to the number. This indicates that numbers with a negative sign are less than zero. These are called negative numbers. After the game they got tired. After finishing dinner they went to sleep. Next day they went to diving academy to learn diving.
First they were asked by the trainer .how to write values below sea level. That you have to go eight steps below what will be the value it will be -8 replied by Mani. If u have to go further 10 step below what will be the value -10 -8 = -18 replied by vikram. Trainer was very happy to see their knowledge about integers. After diving session they came back to hotel. They both were waiting for the lift to come; as lift came they get in the lift. They saw different numbers inscripted there like -1,-2,-3.B, 1, 2,3,4,5. Vikram told enthusiastically here also they have used integers to number the different floors in building like As conclude B is actually zero positon. Mani laughed and said so true. Classmates along with teacher were waiting for them to go for sightseeing. Next day their trip come to end.it was last day. Next day they came back to Bangalore. After returning home her mother told that his father got passes for math mela. There they have to solve problems regarding integers. He said don’t worry mama I am perfect in integers, I will win first prize. Mother said lets go to sleep now.
THE END
By. Nikhil .C Grade VI
In this story there are two characters called Max and Ruby Max was brother of Ruby is a girl she’s a good girl girl killing his brother and Max was a naughty naughty child he’s a boy. One day Max and Ruby were saving money for grandmother birthday they were going to shopping for her grandmother birthday
Go in to shopping Ruby took out $1 for bus charges
When they reach to toy shop Ruby so uh dancing girl toy and Max venom teeth He said to Ruby But Ruby said don’t need let’s take a dancing girl toy Max got angry and he suddenly snatched the Volunteer and he ran to the toy shop he got venom teeth Hey I got my venom teeth said Max.
So he bought the van update with $2 dollars and Ruby didn’t scold him because he was always asking asking for the venom teeth Ruby told oh Max you can you can wear it. But when Max warned that venom tooth he poked the teeth on his lips so the bed started leaking on his cloth so Ruby to how no Max what have you done on your clothes Oh no Ruby I pooped on my lips ah it’s hurting me. Nothing clothes Max let’s go to clean your clothes
After paying $3 Max told I’m hungry Don’t worry Max let’s go to restaurant to eat food
So Ruby got angry so much because her money is going on so fast. • Then without wasting away dollar They ran back to gift shop and they told to shop keeper Ruby asked aren’t you can you give me a dancing girl toy yo little ruly set shopkeeper How much dollars is this sad Ruby I want this toy to my grandmother for a birthday this is that $100 dear what $100 sead Ruby Shopkeeper too it’s getting is done for pure gold child but I have only $5 Then shopkeeper toll don't worry child from $4 there is a Bluebird earrings you can give this to your grandmother Ruby was so happy from seeing that earrings and she told me thank you auntie so Ruby give $5 to shopkeeper.
Then shopkeeper gave her $1 back she put in Max pocket. Then They were going Max saw a venom teeth. And he thought that this would be a better one to my grandmother it’s a big venom teeth again he ran and he took a Change tick which the shopkeeper give $1 change to Max Took a venom teeth from $1 and Ruby was so angry and she scolded him Because one dollar she couldn’t go to her home by not paying bus charge Then by seeking a telephone she got the idea that I could call grandmother and to pick us.
Ruby was worried because her grandmother should not scold her Ha ha ha ha but grandmother was so thrilled and she loved the venom teeth and Bluebird earrings.
Thank you
Bittu learns Commerce……
Amogh Ashok Grade VII
Money… Money… money in a bank… money in the wallet… money in grandma’s kitchen… money in grandpa’s pocket… money is everywhere… hey! Wait but what’s money, where does it come from… and how does it grow?… IS IT ALL MINE??? asks curious Bittu. So, mom thinks a moment and says, money is a medium of exchange, so that a fair price is fetched and both producer and customer are satisfied. Then mom sings out loud… Money… money Let me rest for some time says money
Be it safe in a bank, just like a lounge for money, or in the hands of the jokers for they’re funny, or for getting a bunny, or in grandpa’s pocket… of… money’s bored of resting… it wants to play and it will also make you play… do you want to know how.” Yes mom, please do tell me” said Bittu. Mom tells okay… I’ll tell you money plays around when you gain (profit) or when you lose money out of selling something, and this happens in a retailer’s shop, say for example the retailer bought 100 boxes of chocolates from the chocolate factory at the price of ₹10 per chocolate, and you want to buy a chocolate from him, say he sells it to you at ₹12 per chocolate, then he gains two rupees, so that his profit. But say there is another retailer ( retailer B ), and he sells you the same chocolate which he also bought at ten rupees per chocolate, but he sells it to you at eight rupees per chocolate, so he incurred a loss of two rupees. So, Its important to know the amount of profit or loss
that we are incurring, In addition we need to also mind whether it is a viable option for us or not. And the key thing in a business is to gauge our customers, their needs, their convenience and satisfaction. People who setup or start businesses of their own are known as entrepreneurs. And when they start employing employees, they become the employers, and the entrepreneur gets a share of the company’s profits. So, Bittu on having learnt the basics of commerce, are you ready to start your own business, so that you can experience the joy of selling and buying, so we'll do a role play? Yes! Exclaims Bittu. And it was later decided that, for the first 10 minutes, Bittu would be the shopkeeper, and his sister Rosy would be the cashier, and their mom would be the customer, and their aunt Lily had agreed to enact as the wholesaler. Thereafter the game began. First Bittu buys ten chocolates from aunt Lily who had a pack of fifty chocolates. Bittu pays 20 to aunt Lily to buy 10 chocolates. So Bittu’s mother asks Bittu what is the cost per chocolate? Bittu instantly says two rupees. His mom says my dear son, you’re correct, but how did you get the answer asks his mom. Bittu says that I divided the total cost by the number of items brought by me to find it’s cost per unit. But, then Bittu asks, aunty…aunty how much was the pack of fifty chocolates at the local store where you bought it from? His aunt says ninety rupees. Bittu immediately understood that therefore the price per chocoloate at the local store was rupees 1.8 , so his aunt earned a profit of rupees 0.2, which is 2/18th of the CP which indicates approximately 11% profit. Thus, when Bittu sold 10 chocolates to his mom, he too would raise the price, Bittu decided to raise the price by 0.50 rupees per chocolate, therefore, he retailed a box of ten chocolates for rupees 25, earning a profit of rupees 5 which is equal to ( 5/20 )*100 percent, therefore Bittu earned a profit of 25 percent. It was a nice business deal of Bittu’s. Thereafter Bittu gained more than aunt Lily. So Bittu's mother decided to invest twenty rupees In Bittu’s business of retailing chocolates, so that she too could get a part of Bittu's profit, and Bittu himself Invests ten rupees in his own business. So, with a total of thirty rupees, Bittu begins his chocolate business. He buys fifteen chocolates this time, at the rate of one rupee per chocolate and sells them for two rupees per chocolate. Can you guess how much Bittu earned? Bittu has thirty rupees, but remember, Bittu has
to divide his money into three equal parts, and he needs to give two parts to his mom for investing two-thirds of the total money In the business. so, he needs to give his mom twenty rupees, and he takes ten rupees, so in this case wherein half of the stocks remain unsold, and the same amount Invested by the shareholder is returned, so the company neither makes a loss nor a profit. Therefore, in such a circumstance neither the shopkeeper nor the shareholder Incurred a loss nor a profit. So, none of them gain or lose in the deal ( a business agreement, usually between the shareholder and the company). Great!!! Bittu had learnt a lot about commerce. ………………………………………few weeks later………………………………………………………………. In Bittu’s school, they have a fair at which they sell recycled things to get money in order to contribute to an orphanage . Each child was asked to make 2 recycled items. Bittu exuberantly beamed with ideas. Can you guess what he did? He exuberantly beamed with Ideas. He made excellent paints from clay… they bonded
quite smoothly onto the surface to give an incredible finishing to his artwork. This is Bittu’s poster.
This act of Bittu had a tremendous impact. It influenced everybody so much that everybody was inspired by Bittu’s idea, and also made a few changes in their homes.
Upon understanding Bittu’s agenda, everybody learnt how to produce such natural products, and they also learnt to wisely recycle wastes. Upon Bittu’s teacher’s consent, they organised a best-out-of-waste contest. And they allotted one week of time. There were 10 teams of 80 members each, in this contest, each and every student in his school participated. Each team had fascinating outcomes at the end of one long week. All the teams had designed their item in a truly Ingenious manner.
The first team had designed automatic water pumps, attached to clay tanks, and, they had designed several other things made from clay, here’s a list of what their team designed:1. Pipes made from clay that allowed less water to pass through automatically when the tank has less water. 2. Canvas and tables made from waste materials like pista shells, waste clay, some
leftover wood and some portion of it dry leafs, all the work was done by the children everything from gathering the raw materials, obtaining It in desired form by processing it to the end product.
Are you fascinated!!! Be sure to try to do your bit to saving the planet, get your creativity soaring, and your Imagination free from all bounds, you may want to influence your neighbourhood, have a healthy discussion with them, or do a group conference, joy Is in your heart; resources are at your doorstep so what are you waiting for… Imagine…think…innovate…renovate
This truly shows of how a small spark of an idea like that of Bittu’s evolved to take form as a beautiful play, and also induced the keenness In everybody, and reached the height of a healthy contest, not with others, but evolving forever ; a competition with themselves to make this world a better place. This reflects upon how, soft skills such as marketing, commerce, trade and fundraising can be used to dramatically improve the economy, and the society can cause the evolution of various technologies, thus it is wisely said that we intellectual creatures bear a reciprocal relationship with nature, and the wonderful planet earth as long as earth is the cradle of humanity. Therefore we need to conserve earth as though it’s our cradle, and if it rips apart, we too will cease to exist, so we need to do our bit to conserve earth, Don’t pollute it cause it’s harmful can you guess what It can cause! Possibly a threat to wildlife, and much of marine life Ozone is in the danger zone Last, but not the least, spread awareness Lessen the use of plastics Understand the importance of forests Try to use natural and echo friendly products only Interrogate~innovate~inspire On the way to an ever dreamt echo friendly earth Nature is our ultimate goal This truly shows that knowledge when in the minds of the good people it’s wisdom, and wisdom when utilised becomes wit, and wit when utilised appropriately becomes experience, so we truly need to know that we are the torch bearers of this planet, so we need to do our bit to saving it, as you saw, Bittu did his bit by learning the art of commerce. Are you doing your bit? Let’s all do our bit to saving the planet.
Remo Rabbit teaches Maths…..
IN Nandanvan forest, there lived Minku monkey ; the rich businessman
Whenever poor residents face finanial problem ,they visited Minku. Minku used to give money for a year with proper documentation
He used to charge 20 rupees for the help and labor of documentation. That was something strange. Either for debt of 50 or even for 500, he charged same 20.
Minku said, “Whatever amount you take – l’ll charge only Rs 20. You know how much l can earn from the money l lend but I want to help my fellows.”
When animals gathered around him, and asked for money One day Worly wolf came crying to me; he needed money for his daughter’s marriage. Monkey said Daughter of Worly is also like my daughter too. It was my responsibility to help her for marriage. I somehow managed the money. Further, it’s too tiresome to manage accounts and documentation. I have to do it myself. No one knows accounts properly. All poor animals bowed their heads with gratitude hearing such stories. After all, Minku was their last resort
However, some like bunty objected. He said one day, “Minku! How fair is it to charge 20 rupees for a year irrespective of the amount one asks?
“It’s true. My effort of documentation is same irrespective of amount. Also, how can I differentiate with the amount?” replied Minku.
“l don’t have a way to differentiate. Someone asks me Rs. 25, other 28 and yet other 32,” Minku continued. Bunty replied “That’s really an interesting problem. Let me find a solution,” said Bunty before bidding goodbye
Bunty met Remo rabbit, considered wisest of all residents of Nandanvan. He explained the problem. Remo too could not answer. However, he asked him to meet after two days
Remo the rabbit went through lot of books. He was confident to provide answer to Bunty and others.
When Bunty met him, he explained, “ As you mentioned, the problem was to explain a scale which could be applied to any number.” (Remo explaining about percentage ) One such scale is Percent (or percentage). You can define something out of 100. The meaning of word is per hundred.
Let’s assume you want interest of 20 rupees on 100 rupees for a year. So, you’ll say that I want 20 percent (or 20%). Now, you always will like to have 20% interest.” Remo took a pause before he started again, “if someone needed 200 for a year, how much will you charge?” Minku answered, “ I am charging 20 for 100. 200 is two times hundred. Hence, I’ll charge 2 times 20 i.e. Rs. 40. Wow! I am going to earn more.” “But at the same time, if someone asks you only Rs. 50, how much you charge him as interest?”
Bunty could not answer. Remo again explained, “percent is nothing but extension of fraction. 20 percent can be written as (20/100)”. In mathematics, a percentage (from Latin per centum "by a hundred") is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%", although the abbreviations .
Remo continued,” Since 50 is half of 100, the numerator should also be half. Hence, the interest is half of 20 i.e. Rs. 10” “But I am giving same effort on documentation,” exclaimed Minku. Remo said, “you can always charge a small documentation fee on top of interest if you wish.”
Minku said, “ This Nandanvan is my family. I’ll waive off documentation charges from now on. And the interest is 20% on all debt amounts”.
Everyone was happy……………. THANK YOU…..
• Story written by=Aishwarya.s • Edited by=Aishwarya.s • Reference by=Math text book,Google. I hope you liked my story. Have a nice day………
On a clear night a boy named Arjun and his father enjoy viewing the night sky. Arjun is a curious child who is fascinated by astronomy. Many stars of different brightness and colour are visible. Arjun wonders how far the stars are, why they have different colour and brightness. His father replies “they are very far. They are outside of our solar system and in our Milky Way Galaxy. In the universe there are any galaxies like our own and there be many universes like our own.” Arjun asks his father “how astronomers find their distances?” His father explains him about the first method of finding distance of stars that is the parallax method. The parallax method uses the apparent shift in the position of a star to measure its distance. It was first used in 1838 by a German astronomer named Friedrich Bessel. Friedrich Bessel calculated the distance of star 61 Cygni.
The figure shows how the stars apparent position is changed due to the motion of Earth around Sun. By measuring the apparent change in position, the distance can be calculated. The apparent shift in the position of stars is measured in arcseconds, which is 1/3600 of a degree. The formula for finding the distance is: distance(in parsecs)=1/θ Where θ is the angle of parallax and parsec is equal to 3.26 light years.
The parallax angle of 61 Cygni is 0.285 arcsecond. The distance = 1/(0.285”)= 3.508 parsec= 11.439 light years
With this method Arjun calculated the distance of Proxima centauri which is the nearest star other than our Sun.
Arjun was very happy and showed it to his father. His father was also happy on his effort. His father told him to search about the Wien’s displacement law and the Stefan-Boltzmann’s law. The Wien’s law was formulated by a German physicist, Wilhelm Wein in the 1900s. The Wien’s displacement law states that the black-body radiation curve for different temperatures will peak at different wavelengths that are inversely proportional to the temperature. A black Body is an object which absorbs all light. In other words, the blackbody glows in different colour when in different temperature. For this discovery he won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Physics. This property is used by blacksmiths to determine the temperature of iron and by geologists to determine the temperature of lava.
He then used the formula and calculated the temperatures of the sun and some stars in Orion constellation.
From the calculation he could tell why stars have different colour. Betelgeuse appears red because it has a low temperature and emits mostly reddish light and Rigel appears blue because it has a high temperature and emits mostly blueish light. As he knew the temperature of those stars, he had to find the luminosity of the stars before determining its distance. Luminosity is the amount of light in a second. Luminosity of stars is measured in solar luminosity (L
⊙). 1 L_⊙=3.83×10^26 Watts. In the early 20th century, two Austrian scientists Joseph Stefan and Ludwig
Boltzmann Formulated the Stefan-Boltzmann law which describes the relationship between surface area, Temperature and Luminosity of a star. The equation is: L=4πr^2 σT^4 where L is luminosity in Watts, r is the radius of the star in meters, σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann’s constant which is 5.67×10^(-8) Wm^(-2) K^(-4), T is temperature of the star in Kelvin. Arjun used the equation and found the luminosities of those stars
From these he could tell Alnitak is the most luminous star of all because it has a very high temperature. Betelgeuse is the largest star but has a low temperature, so it has a lower luminosity and the brightness of the star as seen from earth depends on luminosity and its distance. Which answered his second and third question.
His father told him about the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram which is used to classify stars. It was first made by two scientists Ejnar Hertzsprung a Danish scientist and Henry Norris Russell an American scientist working independently. They plotted stars on a chart based on their temperature and luminosity. This chart is called the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram. By plotting the stars, they got a pattern where a huge number of stars were nearly in a line. This line represents the stars called the main sequence these stars are in the main stage of their stellar life cycle. The stars in the top of the main sequence are giant stars which are evolved stars nearing the end of their stellar life cycle. The stars near the bottom of the chart are white dwarf which are the remnant of a small main sequence star. There is also a classification based on temperature and colour of the star. It is called the spectral classification. Spectral classes of stars
Arjun asked his father, “how the brightness of stars is measured?” he said, “The brightness of the stars as seen from earth is calculated using a photometer, which can measure the intensity of incident electromagnetic radiation using the photoelectric effect. The brightness of a star as seen from earth is called the apparent magnitude. The scale of magnitude consists of integers. Lower the value brighter the object appears to us. our sun has an apparent magnitude of -26.7 while the faintest stars visible to naked eye is +6. By considering luminosity and apparent magnitude the absolute magnitude can be determined. The absolute magnitude is the apparent magnitude of a star as seen from 10 parsec or 32.6 light years. To calculate the distance, we need both absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude.” So arjun took the magnitudes of the stars whose luminosity and temperature he measured and used the equation
(Where D is the distance, pc is parsec, M is absolute magnitude and m is apparent magnitude) and measured the distances of those stars.
He saw the distances on the internet and got accurate answers. While looking on the internet he saw a type of stars called variable stars. He read that a variable star is a star that changes its brightness over a period. A type of variable star called Cepheid variables can be used to find distances of stars and galaxies. Cepheids vary their brightness periodically and the period is proportional to their luminosity. He wanted to measure distances of Cepheids, so he used Delta Cephei star’s luminosity and period to measure period, luminosity and distances of Eta Aquilae, Hyades star cluster and Andromeda galaxy.
● Star θ Tauri in open cluster Hyades. Open clusters are a cluster of stars which were formed from the same molecular cloud as other stars in the cluster. Hyades cluster is visible to the naked eye during the winter months as a group of stars forming a triangular shape.
● Star V1 in the andromeda galaxy. This star was used by Edwin Hubble to measure the distance of the andromeda galaxy. By this Hubble proved that the universe is very large, and the Milky Way Galaxy is one of the billions of galaxies in the universe. The andromeda galaxy is visible to the naked eye in the north direction
during winter and is visible as a large, blurred patch in the night sky.
Arjun showed this to his father, and he asked his father, “I saw something on the Wikipedia page of andromeda galaxy that is about its radial velocity. I searched that radial velocity is the velocity in which an object is moving away from us. So how is radial velocity calculated?” his father said, “have you observed that when an ambulance passes by you hear a different sound when it is coming towards you and when it is moving away from you?” “Yes, I have observed it and it is because of the doppler effect. When the ambulance is coming towards us the frequency of the sound increases and when it is moving away from us the frequency decreases.”
“Similarly, light behaves in the same way as sound does when the object is moving. When the object is approaching the observer the frequency increases, and this is called the blueshift and when the object is moving away from the observer the frequency decreases, and this is called the redshift”
“Using spectrum scientists determine properties of different objects. Certain elements absorb light at specific wavelengths and due to that an absorption line is seen in the spectrum can be used to check the redshift.”
He gave Arjun a question to solve. A star has an element in it which absorbs light at 250nm, but the same element shows absorption line at 240 nm on earth. Find the radial velocity of the star.
He said, “With this redshift we can measure distance of galaxies using the Hubble’s law. The Hubble’s law states that galaxies are moving away from the earth at speeds proportional to their distance. This law explains the expansion of the universe. To explain this, take a balloon with few dots on it and blow it. As the balloon expands the distances between the dots also expand and the expansion of universe is like this.” The formula for finding the distance of galaxies is:
With the Hubble’s law Arjun calculated the distances of some galaxies which he had seen.
With this Arjun’s question were answered and this inspired him to explore more about astronomy. He dreamt of making one of such discoveries in the field of astrophysics and win the Nobel Prize.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR My name is Pranav Bharadwaj. I am studying in the ninth grade of Delhi World Public School, Tumkur Road. I like to draw, photograph birds and objects in the night sky.