Tavad Tarxan Tarxan--mouravebis sagvareulos istoriuli narkvevi Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis sagvareulo erT-erTia saqarTvelos warCinebul gvarTagan. vaxuSti batoniSvilis naSromSi “aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa” Tavad Tarxanmouravebis gvaris Sesaxeb aRniSnulia, rom “awindel mTavarTa da warCinebulTa guarni eseni arian: xolo mouravisSvili ars saakaZe da mefisagan gamTavrebuli”.1 aseve mis TxzulebaSi aRniSnulia, rom “garna amaT mTavarTa Soris awindelTa JamTa uwarCinebulesni da SemZlebelni eseni iyvnen da gauyrelni saxlni aqundaT: xolo zedgeniZe, saakaZe, elioziSvili, amaTgan gamTavrebulni esreT, romelnime amaRlebulan da romelnime damdablebulan JamTa cvlilebiTa anu gayriTa ZmaTaTa”.2 qarTl-kaxeTis mefis, giorgi XII-is, vaJi - ioane batoniSvili Tavis TxzulebaSi - `SemoklebiT aRwera saqarTvelosa Sina mcxovrebTa TavadTa da aznaurTa gvarebisa” - Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis warmoSobis Sesaxeb wers Semdegs: `Tavadi TarxniSvili. eseni Zvelad iyvnen daRistnis mxris Tavadni, Wankaanad wodebulni, romelnica awca arian daRistans da belaqansa Sina Wankaanad wodebulni. amaTni gvarni vinme movidnen sisianis kerZod. naxCevanis mxares da daeSennen mun mefeman somexTaman miiRo xarisxiTa pirvelisa aznaurobisaTa da miiRes amaT sarwmunoeba somexTa da uwodes saak (romeli ars isak) da misca adgili agulels Sina da guxTanisa moxeled ganaweses welsa qristes aqeT 767-sa, xolo ukanasknel ra sparsTa iwyes damdablebad somexTa samefoisa, gadmosaxlden muniTgan da movidnen qarTls da mefeman saqarTvelosaman miiRo igi da uboZa TeZmis xeobasa Sina mamulni da moxeloba klde-karisa. xolo Semdgomad amisa drosa giorgi mefisasa welsa qristes aqeT 1503 iwodeboden mouravebad da xarisxiT mesame Tavadad da ukanasknel odes movida Saabaz yaeni spiTa didiTa saqarTvelosa zeda winamZRomelobiTa saakaZe giorgi mouravisa, viTarca mouTxrobs qarTvel matianesa Sina; mizeziTa amiT mefeca luarsab Sepyrobil iqmna Saabaz yaenisagan, romelica aiZulebda mahmadianobasa, xolo mefe, ara mimRebi brZanebisa misisa, iwama qristesTvis wels 1622-sa da Semdgomad amisa Saabazman daumtkica Tavadoba giorgis da uboZa gvarad Tarxnoba (romel ars TaTrulad Tavisufleba) da munidgan iwodebian Tavadad Tarxnis Svilebad, romelnica aw mosaxleoben gaRma mxars axalqalaqsa adgilsa Sina: 1) becias Svilebi, 2) zazasSvilebi, 3) glaxas Svilebi, 4) patara becias Svilebi da sxvani saakaZeni saxloben aznaurad tanis xeobasa zeda raodensame saxlad”.3 aseve ioane batoniSvili - aznaur saakaZeebis Sesaxeb aRniSnavs Semdegs: `amaTni wina-parni arian monaTesaveni Tavadis Tarxnis Svilisa, viTarca zemore aRvwereT gvarni maTni. da aw ese saakaZeni arian aznaurni da mosaxleni atenis xeobisani, romelnic saxloben sofelsa xidis Tavad wodebulsa”.4 Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis winaprebi iyvnen aznauri saakaZeebi. pirveli dokumenturi cnobebi aznaur saakaZeebis Sesaxeb qarTul istoriul wyaroebSi gvxvdeba XV saukunis dasawyisidan.5 1652 wlis wyalobis wignis Tanaxmad, romelic
qarTlis mefe rostomma (1633-1658), uboZa ioram saakaZes aRniSnulia, rom `warsulSi saakaZeebis winapar jan-zurabisaTvis soflebi miucia Tamar mefes”.6 saakaZeebis gvari warmomdgari unda iyos saxelidan `saak”, iseve rogorc saxelidan `javaxi” momdinareobs gvari javaxiSvili.7 am sagvareulos uZvelesi, istoriulad cnobili warmomadgeneli, aris ivane saakaZe.8 XV saukunidan moyolebuli, aznaur saakaZeTa gvaris warmomadgenlebi, qarTul istoriul sabuTebSi araerTxel ixseniebian. istoriuli sabuTis cnobiT, 1412 wels dedofalma gulSarma, [saqarTvelos mefis daviT IX-is (1346-1360) asulma], kavTisxevis mouravs, ivane saakaZes gaucvala nosteSi romalisSvil guliaseuli sasaxle misi mimdebare miwebiT, WanWaxSi erTi dRis beclelaur miwaze.9 amave sabuTSi moxsenebulni arian kavTisxevis mouravis, ivane saakaZes Svilebi - siaoSi, rostevani, Salva, avTandili da Zma giorgi. 1523 wlis sabuTis mixedviT, Tavad baraTaSvilebis gayris dros, guguna baraTaSvils, saufrosod, ergo aznaurebi giorgi da rostevan saakaZeebi.10 1543 wels ivane saakaZem monawileoba miiRo fariSat da giorgi baraTaSvilebis ZmebTan gayraSi.11 1554 wels zaqaria saakaZe moxseniebulia, mowmis saxiT, melqisedekis mier ezikelisSvil daviTisaTvis micemuli miwis nasyidobis wignSi.12 1561-1600 wlebs Soris Sedgenili sabuTis mixedviT, qarTlis dedofalma, nestandarejanma, giorgi saakaZes da mis Svils JeStels qalaq gorSi ori komli vaWari - nirnikaSvili abovai da Toxariki uboZa.13 1568 wels qarTlis mefe simon I-ma (1556-1600) siauS saakaZes, romelic misi musaibi iyo da mis Zmas JeStels, uwyaloba goraspis da robamis kerZo mamuli erTawmindaSi da nosteSi ori komli da sakomlo.14 aseve mefe simon I-ma, siauS saakaZes, uboZa Salva javaxiSvilis kuTvnili sofeli oZisi.15 1575-1600 wlebs Soris Sedgenili sabuTis mixedviT qaixosro saakaZe yorCibaSis Tabunis wevri iyo. mas evaleboda qarTlis mefe, simon I-is ukan, SeiaraRebuli dgoma mejlisis dros.16 1580 wels qarTlis mefe simon I-ma (1556-1600) fridon saakaZes, mis Svilebs da Zmas ivanes uwyaloba samRereTi, axalSeni da abelia.17 1580 wels siauS saakaZem da misma Zmam JeStelma iese-xans, levan kaxTa mefis Zes, qarTlis mefe simon I-Tan misi stumrobis dros didi samsaxuri gauwies, ris gamoc iese-xanma maT saabreSumo TemSi ormoci komli kaci uwyaloba.18 siauS giorgis Ze saakaZe 1588 wlis dokumentis mixedviT mefis salaros molarea,19 xolo 1590 wlidan ki - Tbilisis mouravi.20 1599 wels dmanel episkoposma, ioseb saakaZem, monawileoba miiRo saaRapo wignis daweraSi, romelic qarTlis kaTalikosma domenti II-m (1599-1603) vaxtang batoniSvils uboZa.21 XV saukunis II naxevarSi, erTiani saqarTvelos monarqiis daSlis Semdeg, warmoiSva qarTlis, kaxeTis, imereTis samefoebi da samcxe-saaTabagos samTavro.
politikurad daSlil saqarTveloSi didi da mcire saTavadoebis Camoyalibeba mimdinareobda calkeul samefos SigniT. vaxuSti batoniSvilis cnobiT, erT-erTi aseTi saTavado iyo saTarxanmouravoc (saTarxnoc).22 XVII saukuneSi Tarxan-mouravebis saTavado Seiqmna. Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis rezidencia sofel nosteSi iyo, xolo mogvianebiT axalqalaqSi iqna gadatanili. XV-XVIII ss-Si iq maT sasaxle, cixe-simagre da karis eklesia hqondaT. maTi sagvareulo saZvale didmowame wm. estates saxelobis erTawmindis taZarSi iyo. maT saTavadoSi Semdegi soflebi Sedioda: noste, nostes oZisi, cxireTi. erTawminda, axalqalaqi, ezaTi, gudaleTi, tyemlovani, mzvari, kotmani, zemo oZisi, beriTi, metexi da sxv.23 Tarxan-mouravebis saTavados, iseve, rogorc sxva saTavadoebs, samarTavad unda hyoloda Tavisi moxeleebi (mouravi, mdivani, mamasaxlisi, xelosani da sxv.), magram amis Sesaxeb cnobebi istoriul wyaroebSi ar aris daculi. Tavad Tarxan-mourvebis aznaurebi iyvnen: calqalamaniZeebi, CivaZeebi, 24 jajanaSvilebi, javaraSvilebi da kargareTelebi. Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis sagvareulos fuZemdebeli, iyo cnobili mxedarTmTavari da saxelmwifo moRvawe giorgi siauSis Ze saakaZe. giorgi saakaZe daibada 1575 wels tanis xeobis sofel felSi. XVI s.-is 90-ian wlebidan giorgi saakaZe qarTlis mefeebis, simon I-is da giorgi X-is, erTguli TanamebrZoli iyo im brZolaSi, romelsac isini awarmoebdnen osmalo dampyroblebis winaaRmdeg. erTguli msaxurobisaTvis qarTlis mefeebma simon I-ma da giorgi X-m, giorgi saakaZes mamulebis wyalobis sigelebi uboZes, romlebic Semdgom mefe bagrat VII-m (16161619) ganuaxla.25 1603 wels, didi mzadebis Semdeg, iranis Sahma abas I-ma (1587-1629) omi daiwyo TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, romelic mcire intervalebiT 1639 wlamde gagrZelda. Sah abasma 1603 wlis zafxulSi Tavrizi aiRo da amierkavkasiaSi SemoiWra, gadmolaxa araqsi, aiRo julfa, naxiWevani da alya Semoartya erevnis cixes. erevnis alyis dros Sah abasma jarebianad ixmo qarTlis mefe giorgi X da kaxeTis mefe aleqsandre II. 1604 wels, aTi Tvis alyis Semdeg, Sah abasma aiRo erevani. kaxeTisa da qarTlis jarebma aqtiuri monawileoba miiRes erevnis cixis aRebaSi.26 am brZolaSi Tavi gamoiCina giorgi saakaZem. farTo gasaqani mieca giorgi saakaZis saxelmwifoebriv da samxedro niWs luarsab II-is mefobaSi. giorgi saakaZe, luarsab II-is gamefebisTanave, misi uaxlesi TanamSromeli da mrCeveli Seiqna. male igi mefem Tbilisis mouravad, anu amirT-amirad daniSna.27 amasve adasturebs vaxuSti batoniSvilis cnobac, sadac aRniSnulia, rom giorgi saakaZe iyo `mouravi tfilisisa, qcxilvanisa da dualeTisa�.28 Tbilisis mouravi samefo sabWos wevri da mefesTan axlomdgomi didi moxele iyo. miuxedavad imisa, rom mouravze ufro didi moxeleebi sxvebi iyvnen (saxlTuxucesi, mdivanbegi), giorgi saakaZe Tavidanve did gavlenas axdenda saxelmwifo saqmeebze. es iyo Sedegi giorgi saakaZis piradi niWisa da unarisa, romelic ufro farTo sarbiels moiTxovda.
luarsab II-is mefobis dasawyisSi giorgi saakaZem SeZlo centraluri xelisuflebis erTgvari ganmtkiceba. man da misma momxreebma didi aRmSeneblobiTi muSaoba gaaCaRes. isini xels uwyobdnen gabneuli glexobis Tavis samkvidroze mobrunebas da dasaxlebas, aRkveTes Sinafeodaluri omebi da SezRudes zogierTi Tavadi. aman qarTlis samefos Tavdacvisurianoba gaaZliera, ris gamoc osmaleTis marbieli eqspediciis ganadgureba taSiskarTan 1609 wels SedarebiT advilad moxerxda. qarTlis centraluri xelisuflebis ganmtkicebisaTvis brZola mTeli saqarTvelos gaerTianebisaTvis brZolis winamZRvari iyo. giorgi saakaZe xels uwyobda wvril aznaurTa da saerTod `ugvarTa” wamowevas, romelnic Tavadebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi misi dasayrdeni iqnebodnen. giorgi saakaZes momxreebi didi Tavadebis wreSic moeZebneboda. eseni iyvnen: misi simamri - nugzar aragvis erisTavi, Teimuraz muxranbatoni, iese qsnis erisTavi, zaza ciciSvili, baaka xerxeuliZe da sxv. maT giorgi saakaZis `mokidebulni kacni” ewodebodaT.29 giorgi saakaZes da mis momxreebs aranaklebi siZlieris mowinaaRmdegeni hyavdaT misi politikiT ukmayofilo msxvili Tavadebis mravalricxovani jgufis saxiT. maTi dasis meTaurebi iyvnen didi gavlenis mqone Tavadebi Sadiman baraTaSvili, farsadan ciciSvili da qaixosro javaxiSvili. 1611 wlis Semodgomaze qarTlis mefe luarsab II-m colad SeirTo giorgi saakaZis da, romlis saxeli ucnobia. gadmocemis Tanaxmad, romelic SoTa rusTavelis `vefxistyaosnis” erT-erTi xelnaweris winasityvaobaSi aris moyvanili, aRniSnulia, rom giorgi saakaZis dam da dedam, Tamar baraTaSvilma, erT RameSi gadaweres mTlianad ukvdavi poema. mefesTan damoyvrebiT giorgi saakaZis gavlena kidev ufro gaizarda. dis gadedofleba giorgi saakaZis da misi gundis didi warmateba iyo, magram, es warmateba xanmokle aRmoCnda. beri egnataSvilis cnobiT - `maSin, TavadTa da didebulTa qarTlisaTa da romelica ara iyo mouravis moyuare iwyines da dauwyes bezRoba mouravsa... da umetesad sufrajman Sadiman baraTaSvilman daucadeblad dauwyo bezRoba mouravsa”.30 giorgi saakaZis mtrebi mas mefis Ralats abralebdnen, mefe luarsab II-gan dedoflis ganSorebasa da giorgi saakaZis mokvlis dasturs iTxovdnen. mefe luarsabi didxans ar Tanxmdeboda SeTqmulTa moTxovnas, magram, Semdgom, muqaris zegavleniT Tavadebis survils dahyva. gadawyda: dedoflis ganSoreba da mouravis sikvdiliT dasja.31 1612 wlis 20 maiss giorgi saakaZe SeTqmulebma mefis sazafxulo sadgomSi, wavkiss, daibares nadirobis sababiT. igi aq unda moeklaT, magram mouravi misma erTerTma momxrem, baaka xerxeuliZem gaafrTxila. giorgi saakaZe iZulebuli gaxda samSoblodan gadaxvewiliyo. igi iranSi gaiqca da Tavi Sah abas I-is kars Seafara. misi yma-mamuli Tavadebma daitaces.32 Sah abas I-is aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi laSqrobis dros, (1614-1617 ww.), giorgi saakaZe cdilobda Serigeboda Tavis mtrebs, rom saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi qarTls SeZleboda Tavdacva. mouravis mtrebi Sahis samsaxurSi Cadgnen da kidev erTxel, 1615 wels, scades misi mokvla.
1619 wels Sah abas I-ma qarTlis mmarTvelad bagrat VII-s vaJi simon II daniSna. iraneli istorikosis, iskander munSis cnobiT, Sahma mcirewlovani simonis `veqilad da xelmZRvanelad daniSna mourav-begi”.33 giorgi saakaZe qarTlis faqtiuri gamgebeli gaxda. saqarTveloSi CamosvlisTanave mouravi Seudga ajanyebisaTvis mzadebas. igi Seurigda Tavis mosisxle mtrebs - qaixosro javaxiSvils da farsadan ciciSvils.34 amas adasturebs 1620 wlis mouravisa da qaixosro javaxiSvils Soris davis wigni, romlis Tanaxmad mxareebi Serigdnen.35 imave xanebSi giorgi saakaZe da misi momxreebi imereTis mefe giorgi III-s (1605-1639) daukavSirdnen da gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi misTvis qarTlis taxtis gadacemas hpirdebodnen. 1619-1626 wlebs Soris daweril pirobis wignSi imerTa mefe giorgi III hpirdeboda giorgi saakaZes, rom Tavis asuls, xvaramzes miaTxovebda mis ufros vaJze avTandilze. pirobis wignSi aRniSnulia: `q. RuTisa da ubiRod mSobelisa da maradis qalwulisa mariamisiTa TavdebobiTa da mindobiTa, ranic wmidani svinaqsarsa Sigan moixsenebian, zecisani da qveyanisani, xorcielni da uxorconi, amaT yovelT wmidaT ZaliTa da TavdebobiTa es fici da piri giboZe Cven, mefeT-mefema patronma giorgim da Zeman Cemma patronma aleqsandrem, mamukam da rosromma Tqven, mouravs patrons giorgis, asre rome Cemi qali batoni xvaramze gulganwmediT Tqvenis Svilis avTandilisaTvin momicemia. amisad gasaTaveblad Tavdebad mamicemia RmerTi da yovelni wmidani RuTisani: xorcielni da uxorconi”.36 ajanyebis mxardaWeris mizniT giorgi saakaZe daumoyvrda osmalTa didmoxeles, samcxis aTabagTa Camomavals farad-faSas.37 1625 wels mosalodneli ajanyebis Tavidan asacileblad Sah-abas I-ma didi armia gamogzavna saqarTveloSi yarCixa-xanis meTaurobiT. 1625 wlis 25 marts, gariJraJze, martyofis vels, sadac yizilbaSTa jaris mTavari banaki iyo, qarTvelTa laSqari miadga. giorgi saakaZe, misi ufrosi vaJi avTandili da misi mxleblebi, romelnic banakSi imyofebodnen, iranelTa sardlobas miuxta da erTianad amowyvita. amasobaSi qarTvelTa jari banakSi SeiWra. usardlod darCenil laSqars qarTvelebma musri gaavles.38 brZola qarTvelTa brwyinvale gamarjvebiT damTavrda.39 Turqi istorikosis mustafa naimas cnobiT, mtris banakidan, romelSic 30 aTasamde yizilbaSi iyo, mxolod sami aTasma uSvela Tavs gaqceviT. danarCenebi ajanyebulebma akuwes.40 ajanyebulebma ramdenime dReSi qarTl-kaxeTi TiTqmis mTlianad gawmindes yizilbaSTa jarebisagan. mefe Teimuraz I, romelic osmaleTis sazRvrebSi - gonios cixeSi imyofeboda da daxmarebis saTxovnelad ruseTSi wasvlas apirebda, ajanyebulebma qarTl-kaxeTSi moiwvies da gaerTianebuli samefos taxtze dasves.41 iranuli uzarmazari armiis erTianma gawyvetam Tavzari dasca Sah abass. iraneli istorikosis iskander munSis cnobiT, romelic giorgi saakaZis ajanyebas `did da saSiS ambebs” uwodebda, aRniSnavda, rom “janyi da SfoTi, romelic bedkruli, dakarguli mourav qarTvelis umadurobisa da ajanyebis da amboxebis gamo atyda, udidesi Sedegi mohyva mas da didi zarali da vneba Sexvda da xvdeba (axlac) xalxs”.42 imdroindeli Turqi istorikosi ibrahim feCeve, aseve, aRniSnavda, rom
`ormoci wlis ganmavlobaSi aseTi didi zarali (Sahs) ar mosvlia”.43 uaRresad SeSfoTebuli Sah abas I saqarTveloSi gamosagzavni didi damsjeli jaris samzadiss Seudga, romlis meTaurad Tavisi siZe isa-xan yorCibaSi daniSna. gaborotebuli Sahis brZanebiT wamebiT mokles giorgi saakaZis vaJi paata, romelic iranSi mZevlad iyo datovebuli. sayvareli vaJis Tavi mouravs gamougzavnes saqarTveloSi. mogvianebiT, paatas neSti samSobloSi Camoasvenes da saakaZeebis sagvareulo monasterSi, erTawmindis eklesiaSi dakrZales.44 ioseb Tbilelis TxzulebaSi `didmouraviani” aRniSnulia: `qarTlisaTvis ra Ze davsTme, rogor turfa, sasurveli, CemTvis vardi maisisa, aRarvin hyavs mas iq mSveli, wasvlis Rone arsiT hqonda, bevri hyvanda jaSuS-mcveli, da iq paata damikargavs, aq ara myavs gamkiTxveli”.45 giorgi saakaZe Sah abas I-is axal Semosevas moeloda. man mravali samxedro da administraciuli RonisZieba ganaxorciela qveynis Tavdacvis gasaZliereblad. aseve, mouravma, daxmarebisaTvis TurqeTs mimarTa. man daxocil yizilbaS sardalTa moWrili Tavebi da tyveTa erTi nawili gaugzavna osmeleTis did vezirs, mTavarsardal hafiz faSas, romelic Tavisi jarebiT iranis sazRvrebis maxloblad, diarbeqirSi, idga. hafiz faSam, baRdadze laSqrobis sababiT, romelic qarTvelebis ajanyebamde iyo dagegmili, mouravs uari uTxra daxmarebaze.46 isa-xan yorCibaSis 60000-iani armia 1625 wlis ivnisis bolos Semovida saqarTveloSi da mdinare algeTis xeobaSi, marabdis velze, dadga. mas Sahma `mouravis janyis mospoba da saqarTvelos saqmeebis mowesrigeba daavala”,47 rac qarTl-kaxeTis mosaxleobis mospobas gulisxmobda. qarTvelebi 20000-iani laSqriT kojor-tabaxmelas midamoebSi dabanakdnen. qarTvelTa banakSi Tavi mouyriaT qarTlkaxeTis yvela gamoCenil sardals. aqve iyvnen Teimuraz mefe, giorgi saakaZe da axalcixidan ltolvili aTabagi manuCar jayeli samasi rCeuli cxenosniT.48 samxedro TaTbirze, romelsac mefe Teimurazis, giorgi saakaZis da zurab aragvis erisTavis garda eswrebodnen: mewinave sadroSos, somxiT-sabaraTianos sardali baraTa baraTaSvili, Teimuraz muxranbatoni da misi Zma qaixosro, iese qsnis erisTavi, baadur ciciSvili, aRaTang xerxeuliZe, kaxeTis ganTqmuli gmiri daviT jandieri, episkoposebi: alaverdeli, xarWaSneli, rusTveli, mroveli da aTabagi manuCar jayeli, mterTan Sebmis Taobaze azrTa didi sxvadasxvaoba gamomJRavnda.49 mouravi moiTxovda daecadaT, sanam mteri TviTon ar gadmovidoda Setevaze, radgan, misi azriT, im didi sicxis gamo, romelic im dReebSi idga, qarTvelebs da, gansakuTrebiT, qveiTebs marabdis dabal velze omi Zalian gauWirdebodaT, yizilbaSebi ki miCveulni arian aseT sicxeebso da Tan, rac mTavaria, kojortabaxmelas viwroxevebian midamoebSi mters Tavisi mTeli Zalebis gaSlisa da gamoyenebis saSualeba ar eqneba da Zlevac Cven dagvrCebao. saakaZis am gonivrul rCevas mxolod baadur ciciSvili miemxro. sxvebi, TiTqmis yvela, omis dauyovnebliv dawyebas moiTxovdnen, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi wasvliT imuqrebodnen.50 samxedro TaTbirma saakaZis gegma uaryo. gadawyda brZola meore dRes, 1625 wlis 1 ivliss daewyoT. mTavarsardloba mefe Teimurazma ikisra. giorgi saakaZe
Camocilebul iqna brZolis warmoebis saerTo xelmZRvanelobas. yvelaferi es qarTveli Tavadebis interesTa SezRudulobam gamoiwvia. uTenia dawyebuli brZola saRamomde gagrZelda. qarTvelebi damarcxdnen. iranelebs ki Zvirad daujdaT es gamarjveba. 10 aTasi qarTveli da 14 aTasi iraneli daeca im dRes brZolis velze. samSoblos TavisuflebisaTvis daRupulTa Soris iyvnen gmiri sardlebi da raindebi - daviT jandieri, Teimuraz muxranbatoni, aRaTang xerxeuliZe, baadur ciciSvili, episkoposebi: rusTveli da xarWaSneli, cxra Zma xerxeuliZe, cxra maCabeli, Svidi ColoyaSvili da sxva mravali.51 qarTvelebi damarcxdnen, magram iaraRi ar dauyriaT. saakaZem patar-patara razmebiT partizanuli omi gaumarTa iranelebs. isa-xan yorCibaSma Tavis jaridan 12-aTasiani razmi gamohyo, saTaveSi saukeTeso sardlebi, Sirvanis beglarbegi yazan-xani, azerbaijanis beglarbegi Sahbende-xani da xosro-mirza Cauyena da arSis cixis asaRebad gagzavna, sadac qarTvelebis mier dapatimrebuli gamahmadianebuli anduyafar amilaxvari da misi meuRle, isa-xan yorCibaSis asuli iyvnen damwyvdeulni. iranelebma isini gaaTavisufles da qsnis xeobiT Tbilisisken brundebodnen, roca giorgi saakaZem da misma laSqarma maT gza gadauketa. qsnis xeobaSi sastiki brZola gaimarTa da sami dRis ganmavlobaSi ar Sewyvetila. qarTvelebma TiTqmis mTlianad gaanadgures iranelTa laSqari. mxolod xosro-mirzam moaxerxa alyis garRveva da gadarCenili mcire razmiT TbilisSi dabrunda. anduyafar amilaxvari da misi meuRle, romelTa gamoxsna 12-aTasiani jaris ganadgurebad dajda, isa-xan yorCibaSs mihgvares.52 qarTvelebis am gamarjvebam xeli SeuSala Sah abasis `didi RonisZiebis” qarTvelTa ayris Catarebas. Sah abas I-is ganzraxvis CaSla ganapiroba im didma zaralma, rac iranis laSqars martyofSi, marabdasa da qsnis xeobaSi mouvida. isa-xan yorCibaSma simon II kvlav dasva TbilisSi, magram mas mxolod Tbilisi da qvemo qarTli emorCileboda. danarCeni qarTli da kaxeTi Teimuraz mefisa da mouravis xelT iyo. rogorc ki didma safrTxem gadaiara, mouravis saSinao politikiT ukmayofilo Tavadebma kvlav Tavi wamoyves. moRalate TavadTagan gariyuli giorgi saakaZe iZulebuli gaxda qarTlidan samcxeSi gadasuliyo. samcxidan mouravma elCi giorgi qavTariSvili-baraTaSvili gagzavna TurqeTis sulTanTan da qarTl-kaxeTis yizilbaSTagan ganTavisuflebaSi daxmareba sTxova. magram im dros TurqeTi baRdadis aRebas cdilobda da saakaZes daxmareba ver aRmouCina. TurqeTis sulTanma murad IV-m (1623-1640) giorgi saakaZes damxmare jaris magivrad `wyalobis sigeli” gamougzavna, romelSic swerda: `rac SegiZlia Tavi ar dazogo yizilbaSebis, mag urjulo yaCaRebis ganadgurebaSi. baTumis beglarbegsa da saqarTvelos sxva mxareebis mmarTvelebs vubrZane TavianTi jarebiT Sen mogeSvelono”.53 magram am dapirebas raime mniSvnelovani Sedegi ar mohyolia. 1626 wlis dasawyisSi mefe Teimurazsa da giorgi saakaZes Soris ganxeTqileba Camovarda, romelsac Sinafeodaluri omi mohyva. orive mxare omis samzadiss Seudga. `mouravma, - werda mefe arCil II, - imerelT mefes giorgis Svili sTxova qarTls sabatonod” anu gasamefeblad.54 imerTa mefe giorgi III-m mouravis winadadeba miiRo da damxmare jari gamougzavna. mis mxareze iyo qaixosro muxranbatoni, iase qsnis erisTavi da sxv. qarTlis did TavadTa didi nawili, romelTac, isqander
munSis cnobiT, `sZagdaT mouravis batonoba da ufrosoba”,55 mefe Teimurazs miemxro. maT Soris iyo qarTlis ori uZlieresi Tavadi: zurab aragvis erisTavi da ioTam amilaxvari.56 ZmaTaSorisi brZola 1626 wlis Semodgomaze bazaleTis tbasTan moxda da mefe Teimurazis gamarjvebiT damTavrda. vaxuSti batoniSvilis cnobiT, `mouravman Seikribna spani qarTlisani, iTxova nijadi imerTa mefes giorgisagan da safar faSis samcxelisagan, da maT mosces, da Sekrebuli yovliTa amiT mouxda duSeTs, Seibnen bazaleTs da ara daSTa kaci, romeli ara daikoda, TviT batoni Teimuraz, mouravi da zurab. garna sZles mouravsa da ivltoda samcxes qaixosroTiT. xolo qaixosro da mouravi warvidnen stambols winaSe xonTqrisa”.57 giorgi saakaZe iZulebuli gaxda xelmeored gadaxvewiliyo samSoblodan. mouravi Tavisi ojaxiTa da mxleblebiT jer samcxeSi, xolo Semdeg TurqeTSi gadavida da sulTan murads jariT daxmareba sTxova. im dros kvlav grZeldeboda iran-TurqeTis omi, romelic 1623 wels ganaxlda. 1627 wels TurqeTis sulTan murad IV-m, mouravi koniis vilaieTis mmarTvelad daniSna. am daniSvnam, Turqi feodalebis ukmayofileba gamoiwvia. 1629 wels mouravi arzrumSi Cavida da SeuerTda Turqul jars, romelsac didi veziri xusrev-faSa meTaurobda. ajanyebuli arzrumis abaza-faSa giorgi saakaZes Cabarda. giorgi saakaZis didebam daCrdila didi veziris saxeli. aman, farsadan gorgijaniZis cnobiT, xusrev-faSas meuRlis da sulTnis dis ukmayofileba gamoiwvia.58 1629 wlis 3 oqtombers giorgi saakaZe, misi ufrosi vaJi avTandili, qaixosro muxranbatoni da maTi ormocamde mxlebeli moRalaturad daxoces TurqeTis didi veziris xusrev-faSas brZanebiT.59 ucxoobaSi daiRupa didi mouravi giorgi saakaZe, romelmac sakuTari da Tavisi ori Svilis sicocxle samSoblos TavisuflebisaTvis brZolas Seswira. didi mouravis giorgi saakaZis cxovreba da moRvaweoba, srulad aRwerilia misi SviliSvilis, ioseb Tbilelis TxzulebaSi `didmouraviani”, romelic man XVII s.-is II naxevarSi dawera.60 kaTolike misionerma don kristoforo de kastelim Semogvinaxa giorgi saakaZis porteti, romelsac axlavs warwera: `qarTvelTa jaris sardali, araCveulebrivad Zlieri da yvelaze ufro mtkice kaci, mraval omSi saxelganTqmuli didi mouravi. iberiis samefoSi momxdari omis gamo gaiqca sparseTis SahTan. bolos, avismomaswavebeli bedis wyalobiT, mokavSireebisagan mitovebuli, garbis sulTnis mfarvelobaSi. iq, misi simamaciTa da gamarjvebiT SuriT aRvsilebma, mowamles igi”.61 qarTuli qronikis `cxovrebaÁ saqarTveloÁsa”-is (`parizis qronikis”) cnobis Tanaxmad, `qoronikonsa tkg (323) dauT-xanis Svils yularaRas rostoms mosces qarTli. gamoatana yizilbaST sardali, batonis bagratis saxlTuxucesi sahakaZe beJanis Svili rostom-xan”.62
qarTlSi gamusulmanebuli mefe rostomis (1633-1658) Camosvlis Semdeg, istorikos farsadan gorgijaniZis cnobiT: `masTan movidnen qarTlis yvela Tavadi da aznauri, garda farsadan ciciSvilisa”.63 mefe rostomma giorgi saakaZis gvaris gamgrZelebeli, umcrosi vaJi iorami, romelic dedasTan erTad arzrumSi cxovrobda, daabruna saqarTveloSi da mamulebi daubruna. 1652 wlis sabuTis mixedviT, rostom mefem iorami misi mamis, giorgi saakaZis da, saerTod, misi winaprebis saqarTvelos winaSe didi damsaxurebis gamo daabruna saqarTveloSi da ganuaxla Zveli mamulebis wyaloba, daumtkica Tarxnis wodeba da uboZa axali yma-mumulic: noste, axalSeni, oZisi, gveldess orbeTi, cxireTi, erTawminda, favnisi, axalqalaqi, ezaTi, gudaleTi calqalamaniZeebiT, kavTisxevSi saakaZeTa mkvidri glexebi da CivaZe yma-mamuliT, winarexi, gudaleTs zeviT majanaanT ubani, tyemloana, mzvari, kotmani, ori verxveuli, gavazuri, samtredo, gostibe, kaberi, gargari, meria, WavWavisi, kvirika, gogoTi; uboZa, agreTve, mTa qsilisi da eliqari, manglisis xevSi zemo oZisi, tyis ugudeTi, razmiTis mTis aqeT mdebare soflebi: xandisi, siqaleTi, RvedreTi, cixe kiknaTberi, Rvwe, alis xeobaSi - nabaxtevi da kldiswyaro; TbilisTan lisi da naxSirgori, somxiTSi yiSlaRi, krwanisi, eniselSi - ormoci meabreSume.64 mefe rostomma iorami samefo sadroSos sardlad daniSna. qarTlis Tavadebma mefe rostomis winaaRmdeg SeTqmuleba moawyves. maTi mizani iyo qarTlis taxtze mefe Teimuraz I-is dabruneba, magram SeTqmuleba uSedegod damTavrda. mefe rostomma gadawyvita SeTqmulebis dasja. ioram mouravisSvili mefe rostomis erTguli darCa da aqtiuri monawileoba miiRo am SeTqmulebis CaxSobaSi. farsadan gorgijaniZe mogviTxrobs, rom “ciciSvilman nodar samartood gamarjveba moindoma, arc batons Teimurazs moucada da arc erisTavsa, arc amilaxorsa, viTac CxeiZeni da sxva saabatios kacis Svilebi masTan iyvnen da yvelani omnacadi kacni iyvnes da sacicianos mxrisaken Tavisi da sxvis laSqari Semoyroda, movida xovleTs, Camoxda Tavisis kerZos. laSqari vinc ar Semoeyara mamulebi da es ambavi ioTam mouravisSvils mefisaTvis moewera: `male wamobZandio, oTara da gaRma mxris laSqari Semoeyrebiso da saqme gaWirdebiso”. SuadRisas es ambavi qalaqSi mefes mouvida, imave wam es isev kaci daabruna da iorams asre miswera: `rom rasac wams es wigni mogivideso, ficxlav gzebi Seukvrevineo. rom aqiTgniv mimavali kaci iqiT ar gauSvano da RvTisa SewevniaT amaRam erTgan SeviyrebiTo” da im misuls kacs asre ubrZana: `Cafrad wadio, xval amaves drosao aqav unda ambavi mamitanoo”. iara da Sua Ramisas kavTisxevs mivida da mouravisSvili ioram im gareSemos laSqriT karg-gvarad win moegeba. mefem elizbar boqaulTuxuces ubrZana: `laSqars ukan Camoudeqo da visac cxenT SeZleba hqondeso, CqaraT wamoasxio rom RvTisa SewevniTao dilas nodarTan gaviTenebo”. mijris Jams dilisasa mefe xovleTis bolos mivida, marqafa gamoicvala da jarsac ubrZana: `cxenebs mosarTvebi unaxeT da gaukeTeTo da iaraRni moivargeTo”. razmi gaawyves da qanarebi daaZaxes da mefes asre moaxsenes: `Seutyoblad Tavs davesxaTo”. mefem Tavsdasxma ar ikadra da asre brZana: `qarTvelT samarTlis qnis gamarTlebisaTviso erTman erTs Seebmiano, mec Cems ymas samarTalszed Sevebmio. Tu imazed metyuvnebinos gamarjveba imasao, bedniers yaens gamoeparao da mTxova da ar miveco farsadan mama man mismano mravali maZliao, rom
saciciano misis SvilisSvilis papuna yorCibaSisaTvis mTxovao da ar miveco da magas uqrTamoT miveco da axla amdenis sikeTis magieraTo CemTvis umuxanaTebiao da sxvas batons hbirebia, amazed minda RvTis samarTali gavSinjo, Tu romeli vstyuviT”. daaZaxebina qananebi, amdeni xani razms moacdevina, rom imaTac Seityes da saomrad Seikazmnen da cxens Sesxdes da razmi gairiges da saomrad win wamodgnen da Seiqmna srola, kinklaoba. iqidamen CxeiZeni da sxvani imerelni wamodgnen. Seiqmna SubTa Zgereba da xmalTa elvareba, laxtebis jaxa-juxi, muzaraTTa xeTqineba. dids xanobamdisin CxeiZeebman Zal-micemiT omi gardixades da saqmec gauWires, laSqaric daabaliTes da kargaTac iyvnen, magram nodar oms ar mosul iyo da uwinve veris cixisaken wasul iyo da CxeiZeebs zurgi ar moaba da kidec daiWires, daiRalnes, mefeman TviTon cxens dauZra da erTpirad qarTvelni mietevnes da wauSines. beJia CxeiZe mouravis Svilman ioram dairCina da zogni baraTianT dairCines, zogni elizbar boqaulTuxuces ymebman dairCines yvelani, orgniTve kargad iyvnen da ZalmicemiT omi gardixades da mefem gaimarjva”.65 am SeTqmulobis Sesaxeb, cnobebi Semonaxulia vaxuSti batoniSvilis TxzulebaSi, sadac aRniSnulia, rom `Semdgomad amisa mouwodes batons Teimurazs zaal erisTavman, ioTam amilaxorman, nodar ciciSvilman, giorgi goCasSvilman da kaTalikozman evdemos diasaZeman gamefebad qarTls... mcnobeli rostom mefe warmovida. misman mxilvelman nodar verRara ikadra brZola, aramed ivltoda. garna orTa ZmaTa CxeiZeTa, nodarisa Tana myofTa, moyurobiT ara inebes ltolva, moiqcen da Camohyarnes mxedarni. xolo ioram mouravisSvilman Camohyarna igini, Seipyrna da moarTua rostom mefesa (ese moiyvana rostom mefeman arzrumidan keTilisyofisaTvs, romeli uqmna mouravman mas, da miscna mamulni Tvsni yovelni)”.66 ioram mouraviSvilis saxelTan dakavSirebulia erTawmindis taZris sarestavracio samuSaoebi. platon ioselianis cnobiT, misi brZanebiT, xelaxla, taZris freskebi ganaaxles. amaze metyvelebs taZris samsxverploSi Sesasvlelis Tavze moyvanili dazianebuli warwera, sadac aRniSnulia - `adide, RmerTo, mefeT mefe patroni mariam... SewevniTa RvTisaTa da meoxebiTa wmidisa estatisaTa, brZanebiTa da patronisa ioramisaTa... vaxtangisa... davaxatvineT meored...”.67 Teimuraz muxran-batonis ufrosi vaJi, vaxtangi, mamis gardacvalebis Semdeg, 1629-1658 wlebSi, baxutas saxeliT, muxranis batoni iyo. roca mefe rostom I-ma vaxtangi iSvila, igi iranSi gagzavna, sadac man mahmadianoba miiRo, ris Sedegadac Sah-abas II-m taxtis memkvidred daamtkica. amis Semdeg vaxtangs Sahnavazs uwodebdnen. rostomis avadmyofobis gamo qarTlSi dabrunebuli vaxtangi qveynis faqtiur gamgeblad iqca, xolo mefis gardacvalebisTanave, 1658 wels, xelmwifed dainiSna.68 vaxtang V-is, anu Sah navaz-xanis (1658-1676) mefoba qarTlSi centraluri xelisuflebis ganmtkicebiT da saqarTvelos gaerTianebisken mimarTuli RonisZiebebiT aRiniSna. am mizniT vaxtang V-m laSqari Sekriba da dasavleT saqarTvelosken daiZra, sadac imereTis mefe aleqsandre III-is gardacvalebis Semdeg taxtisaTvis brZola mimdinareobda. samegrelos mTavris, vamey III dadianis, mxardaWeriT vaxtang V-m imereTis samefos didi nawili daipyro da 1661 wels Tavisi ufrosi vaJi arCili imereTis mefed gamoacxada. male man samegrelos mTavarTan kavSiri gawyvita da samegreloze gailaSqra. mefe vaxtang V-m zugdidi daikava da gaqceuli vameyis
nacvlad samegrelos gamgeblad misi Zmiswuli Samadavle (levan III) daniSna. vaxtang V-m mas Tavisi ZmisSvili, konstantine muxranbatonis asuli Tamari SerTo colad. Samadavlem levan III-is saxeli miiRo.69 zugdidSi myof mefe vaxtang V-s afxazeTis mTavari sustan (giorgi) ServaSiZe eaxla morCilebis gamosaxatavad.70 sul male faqtiurad mTelma dasavleT saqarTvelom mefe vaxtang V-is Zalaufleba scno. mas skandis cixe-simagreSi myofi Teimuraz I Cabarda, romelic Sah abas II-Tan didi pativiT iranSi gagzavna. vaxtang V-is brZanebiT TbilisSi sapatio tyved Camoiyvanes imereTis mefe bagrat IV. 1639 wels, iran-TurqeTis sazavo xelSekrulebis dadebis Semdeg, dasavleT saqarTvelos siuzerenma - TurqeTis sulTanma mehmed IV-m (1648-1687) vaxtang V-is ufrosi vaJis arCilis imereTSi gamefeba iranis mier Sinaur saqmeebSi Carevad miiCnia da Sah abas II-s imereTidan arCilis gaZeveba mosTxova. orwlinaxevris mefobis Semdeg arCili iZulebuli gaxda qarTlSi mamasTan dabrunebuliyo. imereTis taxtze kvlav bagrat IV gamefda. 1663 wels qarTlis mefe vaxtang V-is brZanebiT, ioramis Svils, giorgis, Tavisi asuli miaTxova qaixosro javaxiSvilma. am damoyvrebasTan dakavSirebiT qaixosrom saakaZeebs misca oZisis naxevari, romelic, Turme, adre saakaZeebis yofila da Semdgom javaxiSvilebs dauWeriaT.71 1664 wels vaxtang V-m bagrats gaayola ioram saakaZe, romelmac igi quTaisSi miiyvana da taxtze dasva.72 imave wels quTaisSi myofi ioram giorgis Ze saakaZe yvaviliT gardaicvala. ioram saakaZis STamomavlebi, droTa ganmavlobaSi, TandaTanobiT, gadadian gvarze: Tarxan-mouravebi da TarxniSvilebi. zogierT qarTul istoriul wyaroSi ki moixsenebian, rogorc mouraviSvilebi. Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis saTavado, iseve rogorc Sida qarTlis sxva saTavadoebi, kerZod, amilaxvrebis, maCablebis, favleniSvilebis, amirejibebis, xidirbegiSvilebis, diasamiZeebis, TaqTaqiSvilebis da sxv., qarTlis samefos memarjvene sadroSos Seadgenda. memarjvene sadroSos spasalarebad, anu sardarebad, tradiciulad, Tavad amilaxvarTa gvaris warmomadgenlebi iyvnen.73 XVII saukunis II naxevridan moyolebuli Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis gvaris warmomadgenlebi, qarTul istoriul sabuTebSi, araerTxel ixseniebian. 1663 wels qarTlis mefe vaxtang V-is vaJma, giorgi batoniSvilma, uwyaloba giorgi ioramis Ze TarxnisSvils axaldabis mouravoba.74 1677 wels Tavadebma, revaz da faremuz javaxiSvilebma, ganaaxles avTandil ioramis Ze TarxnisSvilTan keTilmoyvrobis wigni.75 1678-1685 wlebs Soris Sedgenili sabuTis mixedviT, Tbilisis mitropolitma, ioseb ioramis Ze TarxnisSvilma, monawileoba miiRo qarTlis mefe giorgi XI-is (16761688,1703-1709) mier mowveul TaTbirSi, romelzec ganixiles ierusalimis qarTuli monastrebis dasasxnelad doroTeos patriarqisaTvis sesxis micemis sakiTxi.76 1688 wels qarTlis mefe giorgi XI-m, avTandil ioramis Ze TarxnisSvils uwyaloba sacicianos sabalaxis naxevari.77
XVII saukunis 80-ian wlebSi Tavadma nikoloz javaxiSvilma misca avTandil ioramis Ze TarxnisSvils piroba, rom saqmis garigebis Sedegad, erT sakomlos miscemda oZisSi, an, gamtyunebis SemTxvevaSi, nasyidobis wigns miarTmevda.78 1688-1703 wlebs Soris Sedgenili sabuTis mixedviT, avTandil ioramis Ze TarxnisSvilma, nikoloz maRalaZisaTvis micemul keTilmoyvrobis wignSi, qarTlis mefe erekle I-sadmi (1688-1703) erTguleba daadastura.79 1691 wels mefe erekle I-ma uwyaloba giorgi ioramis Ze TarxnisSvils sofeli nabaxtevi, romelic CamoarTva begTabeg martirozisSvils.80 momdevno wels giorgi ioramis Ze TarxnisSvils erekle mefisaTvis didi samsaxuri gauwevia goris cixeSi misi dgomis dros. am samsaxurisaTvis mefem mas uwyaloba orguli javaxiSvilebis naqoni ymebi oZisSi, saam javaxiSvilis ymebis gamoklebiT.81 1700 wels mefe erekle I-is brZanebiT giorgi ioramis Ze TarxnisSvilma monawileoba miiRo qvaTaxevis winamZRvar efTvimesa da avTandil-beg gorgijanaSvils Soris svelneTis sawinamZRvro miwebze davis garigebaSi.82 1700 wels Sedgenili sabuTis mixedviT giorgi ioramis Ze TarxnisSvilma daadastura, rom soflebi jaldami da RorisTavi vaxtang orbeliSvilis colis, Tamar zaal erisTavis asulis namziTvi qoneba da misi Svilebis kanonieri sakuTreba iyo.83 XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis gvaris warmomadgenlebi aqtiurad moRvaweobdnen qarTlis samefos politikur cxovrebaSi, rogorc mefis karis kacni, mrCevlebi, spasalarebi da sasuliero Tanamdebobis pirebi. kerZod, avTandil ioramis Ze mouravisSvili kavTisxevis mouravi, milaxvari da mejinibeTuxucesi iyo,84 beJan mouravisSvili - yorCibaSi,85 giorgi siauSis Ze saakaZe - qalaqis//Tbilisis amiraT-amira da mouravi,86 giorgi iovanes Ze saakaZe - atenis mouravi,87 dimitri TarxnisSvili - yoriasaulbaSi,88 efTvime ioramis Ze mouravisSvili - qvaTaxevis monastris winamZRvari,89 zaal mouravisSvili boqaulTuxucesi,90 zaza TarxnisSvili - eSikaRasbaS-yoriasaulbaSi,91 ioane mouravisSvili - mouravi,92 ioseb saakaZe - dmaneli episkoposi,93 ioseb ioramis Ze saakaZe - Tbileli mitropoliti,94 luarsab TarxnisSvili - minbaSi,95 rostom-xan beJanis Ze saakaZe - sardali,96 solomon TarxnisSvili - meiTari,97 qristefore TarxnisSvili - winamZRvari.98 XVII s.-is 90-ian wlebSi brZolaSi, romelic mefeebs, erekle I-sa (16881703,1703-1709) da giorgi XI-s (1676-1688,1703-1709), Soris mimdinareobda, Tavad Tarxan-mouravebis gvaris warmomadgenelma, beJanma, mxari erekle I-s dauWira da masTan erTad ibrZoda. vaxuSti batoniSvili, amasTan dakavSirebiT, aRniSnavda `xolo giorgi mefe raWidan odiSs, odiSidan gurias, guriidan mivida samcxes da dadga oSoras, munidan warmoavlinna spani TÂsni, raTa daesxnen aleqsandres imerTa mefesa, romeli idga wediss. ese scna beJan saakaZem da amxila aleqsandre da igi mswrafl Seivlto cixesa Sina gors da spani mefisani movidnen oSorasve uqmni. xolo erekle mefeman yoveli ese auwya yeensa, raÁca igi hqmna giorgi mefeman”.99
1724 wels mefe vaxtang VI 2000 kaciani amaliT gadasaxlda ruseTs, sadac, sxva TavadebTan erTad, Tavadi Tarxan-mouravebic imyofebodnen. erT-erTi maTgani Tavadi oman (roman) paatas Ze Tarxan-mouravi iyo.100 1724-1735 wlebs Soris Sedgenili sabuTis mixedviT Tavadma luarsab giorgis Ze TarxnisSvilma monawileoba miiRo manglelisa da misi Zmebis davis garigebaSi.101 1731 wels Tarxani, Tavadi luarsab giorgis Ze TarxnisSvili moxseniebulia, mowmis saxiT, qsnis erisTavis, SanSes, mier givi amilaxorisaTvis micemuli morigebis wignSi.102 mefe vaxtang VI-is ruseTSi wasvlis Semdeg qarTlSi osmalTa batonoba damyarda. daRestneli feodalebi im dros qveynis Zarcvis saqmeSi TavianT mokavSireebs - osmalo dampyroblebs ecilebodnen. lekTa da osmalTa dapirispirebis Sesaxeb qarTlSi osmalobis dros mogviTxrobs mematiane sexnia CxeiZe. misi sityvebiT, 1732 wlis dekemberSi lekebi Tavs dasxmian gomareTis xeobas, gomijvansa da qsovriss, lekebs dadevnebia givi amilaxvari, Tarxani luarsabi da `mcire urumT jari”. lekebi amjerad damarcxebulan. cota xnis Semdeg lekebs somxiTi daurbeviaT. amjerad TviT axalcixis faSa gamosula maT winaaRmdeg. `...daarbies lekTa somxiTi, movida ambavi qalaqsa, Sejda isay-faSa, jari urumTa, qarTvelTa daxuden niCbisa, movidnen lekni xekorZis Tavs wverze saydarTa, didi simagre iyo, daiqveiTes qarTvelTa da urumTa engiCarTa, iyo srola diliTgan SuadRemdi, daumarcxda lekTa...”.103 1739 wels Tavadi Tamaz mouraviSvili, moxseniebulia kaxeTis mefe Teimuraz II-is (1732-1744) ganCinebaSi.104 1749 wels Tavadi daviT zaalis Ze TarxnisSvili moxseniebulia, mowmis saxiT, qarTlis mefe Teimuraz II-is (1744-1762) ganCinebaSi.105 1768 wlis sabuTis mixedviT Tavadi zaza mamukas Ze TarxnisSvili moxseniebulia mdivanbegTa ganCinebaSi.106 1776 wlis dokumentis mixedviT Tavadi mamuka ioramis Ze TarxnisSvili moxseniebulia ganCinebis wignSi.107 1755 wels qarTlis mefe Teimuraz II-m da misma vaJma, kaxeTis mefe erekle IIm, xunZaxis mflobelis, nursal-begis meore Semosevis win, Sekribes axali jari lekebis winaaRmdeg. mematiane papuna orbelianTan, amasTan dakavSirebiT, aRniSnulia `radgan lekTa qarTlisa da kaxeTze mtroba aRar daiSales, zamTar da zafxul Camodgis da aoxrebdis umetes qarTlsa, maradis qarTlis jari ver Seinaxes erTad Seyrili, amiT rom jari Semoeyares mefeTa CvenTa, lekis jari Caudgis saxlebSi da aRaravina hyvanda mepasuxe, amis mizezisaTvis gamoarTves qarTlsa da kaxeTs aTasi kai vaJkaci, jamagiri gauweses, uzbaSebi ganaweses da daayenes qalaqsa Tbilissa. saca visme gaswirebodaT, amaT miaSvelebden da Tu didi mteri movidis, TviT mefeni mieSveleboden qveynis jarebiT. gaistumres es axali ganwesebuli jari da daayenes baidarSi monapired am jarebiTa. asis-Tavni da ufrosni iyvnes amilaxoriSvili nikoloz, amirejibi zaza, ciciSvili Teimuraz da TarxniSvili mamuka, agreve sabaraTaSvilos uzbaSi, romel ars asis-Tavi, ioTamisSvili revaz, agreve kaxTa TavadTa Svilni”.108
1783 wlis 24 ivlisis georgievskis traqtatis im oficialuri danarTis Tanaxmad, romelSic warmodgenilia qarTl-kaxeTis TavadTa da aznaurTa nusxa, moxseniebulia Tavadi Tarxan-mouravebic, romlebsac, aRniSnuli traqtatis safuZvelze, miniWebuli hqondaT ruseTis Tavad-aznaurul gvarebTan gaTanabrebuli uflebebi.109 1792 wels Tarxanma, Tavadma luarsab ioanes (becias) Ze TarxniSvilma, Tavisi mdgomareobis gansamtkiceblad, naTesauri kavSiri daamyara samefo dinastiasTan bagrationebTan. man colad SeirTo giorgi batoniSvilis (SemdgomSi giorgi XII-is) asuli sofio, romlisgan SeeZina Svilebi - estate, ana, anastasia, ioane da qeTevani.110 1795 wlis 10-11 seqtembers iranis Sahis, aRa-mahmad-xanis (1794-1797), Semosevis dros, Tavadma solomon zaalis Ze TarxniSvilma aqtiuri monawileoba miiRo krwanisis brZolaSi.111 1801 wels, qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebisa da rusuli mmarTvelobis sistemis damyarebis Sedegad, Tarxan-mouravebis saTavado administraciulad gauqmda. Tavadi Tarxan-mouravebi, rogorc uwarCinebulesi gvaris warmomadgenelni, 112 aRiarebuli da Setanil iqnen ruseTis imperiis Tavadebis siaSi.
gamoyenebuli wyaroebi da literatura 1. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. `qarTlis cxovreba�, t.IV. teqsti dadgenilia yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s.yauxCiSvilis mier. Tb, 1973, gv.33-34; vaxuSti bagrationi. saqarTvelos geografia. mT. red. z.tataSiZe. Tb, 1997, gv.24-25. 2. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.35; vaxuSti bagrationi. saqarTvelos geografia. das. naSr. gv.26. 3. ioane bagrationi. SemoklebiT aRwera saqarTvelosa Sina mcxovrebTa TavadTa da aznaurTa gvarebisa. redaqtori da gamomcemeli z.kacelaSvili. Tb., 1997, gv.32-33. 4. ioane bagrationi. SemoklebiT aRwera saqarTvelosa Sina mcxovrebTa TavadTa da aznaurTa gvarebisa. das. naSr. gv.48. 5. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-1355 (1412 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. masalebi Sekribes da gamosacemad moamzades: g.oTxmezurma, g.mWedliZem, m.surgulaZem, d.JRentma, a.baqraZem, T.enuqiZem da d.kldiaSvilma. tomi Seadgines m.surgulaZem da d.kldiaSvilma. Tb., 2007, gv.102.
6. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-13955 (1652 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.99. 7. n.SoSiaSvili. TorelTa feodaluri saxlis istoria da SoTa rusTaveli. kr. SoTa rusTaveli, istoriul-filologiuri Ziebani. Tb., 1966, gv.47. 8. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-1355 (1412 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.102. 9. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-1355 (1412 w.) (xelnaweri). 10. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Ad-1299a (1523 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.92. 11. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-10381 (1543 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.102. 12. pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.99. 13. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-13050 (1561-1600 ww.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.92. 14. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14444 (1568 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.107. 15. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14416 (1588 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.107. 16. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Ad-620 (1575-1600 ww.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.106. 17. saqarTvelos centraluri istoriuli arqivi (scia), f.1448, aRwera 1, saqme #5569 (1580 w.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.106. 18. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-1441 (1580 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.107. 19. qarTul-sparsuli istoriuli sabuTebi. teqsti daadgina, Targmani SeniSvnebi daurTo v.fuTuriZem. Tb., 1955, gv.36-37.
20. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. tomis redaqtori m.dumbaZe. Tb., 1973, gv.258. 21. T.Jordania. qronikebi da sxva masala saqarTvelos istoriis da mwerlobisa. t.II. Tb., 1897, gv.428. 22. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.34. 23. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-2124 (1652 w.) (xelnaweri); scia, f.213, aRwera 1, saqme #542; scia, f.1449, aRwera 1, saqme #679). 24. georgievskis traqtati. 1783 wlis xelSekruleba ruseTis mfarvelobaSi aRmosavleT saqarTvelos Sesvlis Sesaxeb. teqsti gamosacemad moamzada, Sesavali da SeniSvnebi daurTo g.paiWaZem. Tb., 1983, gv.61. 25. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14448 (1616 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.I. gamosacemad moamzades d.kldiaSvilma, m.surgulaZem, e.cagareiSvilma, g.jandierma. Tb., 1991, gv.251; pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.92. 26. beri egnataSvili. axali qarTlis cxovreba. `qarTlis cxovreba”, t.II. teqsti dadgenilia yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s.yauxCiSvilis mier. Tb, 1959, gv.380-381. 27. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-13052 (1608 w.) (xelnaweri); saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.258; pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.92. 28. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.420. 29. n.berZeniSvili. `mokidebulisaTvis”. saqarTvelos istoriis sakiTxebi, III, Tb., 1966, gv.114-115; saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.260. 30. beri egnataSvili. axali qarTlis cxovreba. das. naSr. gv.389. 31. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.261. 32. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-6259 (1620 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.94. 33. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. sparsuli teqsti qarTuli TargmaniTa da SesavliTurT gamosca v.fuTuriZem. Tb., 1969, gv.115. 34. T.enuqiZe. 1620 wlis sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis wigni did mourav giorgi saakaZesa da qaixosro javaxiSvils Soris davaze. xelnawerTa institutis `moambe”, IV, Tb., 1962, gv.277-285. 35. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14424 (1620 w.) (xelnaweri). 36. istoriuli dokumentebi imereTis samefosa da guria-odiSis samTavroebisa (14661770 ww.), wigni I. teqsti gamosca, winasityvaoba da saZieblebi daurTo S.burjanaZem. Tb., 1958, gv.22.
37. ioseb Tbileli. didmouraviani. giorgi leoniZis redaqciiT. Tb., 1937, gv.35. 38. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.124. 39. Tbilisis istoria, t.I. tomis redaqtorebi: m.dumbaZe, v.guCua. Tb., 1990, gv.231. 40. n.Sengelia. Turqi istorikosis mustafa naimas cnobebi giorgi saakaZis Sesaxeb. `masalebi saqarTvelosa da kavkasiis istoriisaTvis”, nakv. 33, Tb., 1960, gv.256. 41. T.Jordania. qronikebi.., t.II, das. naSr. gv.462. 42. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.123. 43. ibrahim feCevis cnobebi saqarTvelosa da kavkasiis Sesaxeb. Turquli teqsti qarTuli TargmaniTa da SesavliTurT gamosca s.jiqiam. Tb., 1964, gv.85. 44. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.281. 45. ioseb Tbileli. didmouraviani. das. naSr. gv.29. 46. ibrahim feCevis cnobebi saqarTvelosa da kavkasiis Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.83-84. 47. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.126. 48. beri egnataSvili. axali qarTlis cxovreba. `qarTlis cxovreba”, t.II. das. naSr. gv.407-408. 49. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.283. 50. arCiliani. al.baramiZis da n.berZeniSvilis redaqtorobiT, t.II. Tb., 1937, gv.71-73. 51. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.129; arCiliani. t.II. das. naSr. gv.75-76; a.furcelaZe. giorgi saakaZe da misi dro. Tb., 1911, gv.298. 52. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.130-132; arCiliani. t.II. das. naSr. gv.77; saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.286. 53. s.jiqia. xonTqris mier didi mouravisadmi gacemuli sigeli. enimkis “moambe”, XIII, Tb., 1942, gv.236-242; saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.288. 54. arCiliani. al.baramiZis da n.berZeniSvilis redaqtorobiT, t.II. Tb., 1937, gv.79. 55. isqander munSis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. das. naSr. gv.134. 56. arCiliani. al.baramiZis da n.berZeniSvilis redaqtorobiT, t.II. Tb., 1937, gv.79. 57. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.435. 58. Парсадан Горгиджанидзе. История Грузии. Перевод Р.К.Кикнадзе и В.С.Путуридзе. Исследование и указатели Р.К.Кикнадзе. Тб.,1990, стр.83. 59. s.jiqia. cnoba didi mouravis ukanaskneli dReebis Sesaxeb osmaleTSi. enimkis “moambe”, XIII, Tb., 1942, gv.213; saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.291. 60. ioseb Tbileli. didmouraviani. giorgi leoniZis redaqciiT. Tb., 1937. 61. don kristofore de kasteli. cnobebi da albomi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. teqsti gaSifra, Targmna, gamokvleva da komentarebi daurTo beJan giorgaZem. Tb., 1976, gv.81. 62. cxovreba saqarTveloÁsa (parizis qronika). teqsti gamosacemad moamzada, Sesavali, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo g.alasaniam. Tb., 1980, gv.92. 63. Парсадан Горгиджанидзе. История Грузии. (1990), ук. соч. стр.88.
64. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-13955 (1652 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.102. 65. farsadan gorgijaniZe. istoria. `saqarTvelos cxovreba”. Tb., 1913, gv.302-304. 66. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.441. 67. Платон Иоселиани. Жизнь великого моурава князя Георгия Саакадзе, родоначальника князей Тархан-Моуравовых, с приложением описания Эртацминдского храма и Кватахевского монастыря. Тфл., 1848; platon ioseliani. erTawmindis taZris aRwera. wignSi: platon ioseliani. didi mouravi giorgi saakaZis cxovreba. Targmani rusulidan giorgi TarxniSvilisa. Tb., 1973, gv.71. 68. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.342. 69. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.345. 70. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.450. 71. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14435 (1663 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.103. 72. saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.346. 73. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-2124 (1606-1648 ww.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.I. das. naSr. gv.115; Г.Анчабадзе. Источниковедческие проблемы военной истории Грузии. Тб., 1990, стр.164; И.Джорджадзе. История военного искусства Грузии. Тб., 1989, стр.159160. 74. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-7260 (1663 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.96. 75. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-6295 (1677 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.90. 76. scia, f.1448, aRwera 1, saqme #1283 (1678-1685 ww.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.104. 77. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-2156 (1688 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.90. 78. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-9351 (XVII s.-is 80-iani ww.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.90.
79. scia, f.1450, davTari 29, saqme #132 (1688-1703 ww.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.90. 80. scia, f.1450, davTari 27, saqme #201 (1691 w.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.96. 81. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-2166 (1692 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.96. 82. scia, f.1449, aRwera 1, saqme #1863 (1700 w.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XIXVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.96. 83. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Sd-2103 (1700 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.97. 84. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-1934 (1677-1699 ww.) (xelnaweri); a.baqraZe. masalebi qarTuli sfragistikis istoriisaTvis, naw. I. Tb., 1978, gv.77. 85. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-10170 (1692 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.91. 86. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14690 (1607 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.92. 87. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Qd-8235 (1634 w.) (xelnaweri); scia, fondi 1450, davTari 51, saqme #174 (1640 w.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.95. 88. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-10343 (1798 w.) (xelnaweri); a.baqraZe. masalebi qarTuli sfragistikis istoriisaTvis, naw. I. Tb., 1978, gv.100. 89. scia, f.1448, aRwera 1, saqme #3268 (1691 w.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XIXVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.95. 90. scia, f.1449, aRwera 1, saqme #126 (1692 w.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XIXVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.98. 91. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-9698 (1768-1782 ww.) (xelnaweri); xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-1848 (1780 w.) (xelnaweri); a.baqraZe. masalebi qarTuli sfragistikis istoriisaTvis, naw. I. Tb., 1978, gv.57. 92. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-2818 (1808 w.) (xelnaweri); xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-6780 (1719 w.) (xelnaweri); xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-9267 (1726 w.) (xelnaweri); a.baqraZe. masalebi qarTuli sfragistikis istoriisaTvis, naw. I. Tb., 1978, gv.84. 93. T.Jordania. qronikebi.., t.II, das. naSr. gv.428.
94. scia, f.1449, aRwera 1, saqme #1815 (1661-1687 ww.); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.103. 95. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-8276 (1794 w.) (xelnaweri); xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-2612 (1800 w.) (xelnaweri); a.baqraZe. masalebi qarTuli sfragistikis istoriisaTvis, naw. I. Tb., 1978, gv.79. 96. T.Jordania. qronikebi.., t.II, das. naSr. gv.461-462. 97. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-917 (1798 w.) (xelnaweri); xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-8117 (1803 w.) (xelnaweri); a.baqraZe. masalebi qarTuli sfragistikis istoriisaTvis, naw. I. Tb., 1978, gv.75. 98. xelnawerTa instituti, fondi Hd-14435 (1663 w.) (xelnaweri); pirTa anotirebuli leqsikoni XI-XVII ss. qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis mixedviT. t.IV. das. naSr. gv.102. 99. vaxuSti batoniSvili. aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa. das. naSr. gv.466. 100. Российский государственный архив древних актов (РГАДА), фонд 248 (Правительствующий Сенат), дело №769; vaxtang VI-is amalis 1737 wlis sia. wignSi: s.yubaneiSvili. daviT guramiSvili qarTul husarTa polkSi. Tb., 1965, gv.132. 101. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t.IV. teqstebi gamosca, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo prof. i.doliZem. Tb., 1972, gv.335. 102. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.326. 103. sexnia CxeiZe. saqarTvelos cxovreba. tf., 1913, gv.43; saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.439. 104. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.345. 105. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.378. 106. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.554. 107. qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t.IV. das. naSr. gv.668. 108. papuna orbeliani. ambavni qarTlisani. teqsti daadgina, Sesavali da saZieblebi daurTo e.cagareiSvilma. Tb., 1981, gv.226. 109. georgievskis traqtati. 1783 wlis xelSekruleba.., das. naSr. gv.58. 110. m.berZniSvili. masalebi XIX saukunis pirveli naxevris qarTuli sazogadoebriobis istoriisaTvis, t.II. Tb., 1983, gv.33; i.biWikaSvili, d.niniZe, i.Ciqovani. saqarTvelos samefo dinastiis - bagrationebis genealogia, tabula #6. wignSi: bagrationebi. samecniero da kulturuli memkvidreoba. Tb., 2003. 111. m.berZniSvili. masalebi XIX saukunis pirveli naxevris qarTuli sazogadoebriobis istoriisaTvis, t.II. Tb., 1983, gv.34. 112. scia, fondi 213, aRwera 1, saqme #73 (1820 w.) - По прошению князя ТарханМоурави о признании его в княжеском достоинстве; Российский государственный исторический архив (РГИА), ф.1343, (Департамент Герольдии Правительствующего
Сената), оп. 46 (Дела о титулованном дворянстве), Дело №770 (1828 г.) - О возведении в княжеское достоинство рода Тархан-Моуравовых; Список князей и дворян Грузии. Спб., 1850, №177-187; Списки титулованным родам и лицам Российской империи. Издание Департамента Герольдии Правительствующего Сената. Спб., 1892, стр.54; qarTl-kaxeTis TavadTa da aznaurTa ojaxebi. fototipiuri gamocema z.WumburiZis redaqciiT. Tb., 2005, gv.42,76-79.
i.biWikaSvili