Mali Sub-Saharan Africa Population (millions) Surface area (1,000 sq. km) GNI, Atlas ($ billions) GNI, PPP ($ billions)
Low income 15.4 1,240 9.1 15.8
Population growth (%) National poverty rate (% of pop.) GNI per capita, Atlas ($) GNI per capita, PPP ($)
3.0 47.4 600 1,030
1990
2000
2010
People Share of poorest 20% in nat’l consumption/income (%) Life expectancy at birth (years) Total fertility rate (births per woman) Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women 15–19) Contraceptive prevalence (% of married women 15–49) Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) Child malnutrition, underweight (% of under age 5) Child immunization, measles (% of ages 12–23 mos.) Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) Ratio of girls to boys in primary & secondary school (%) HIV prevalence rate (% population of ages 15–49)
.. 44 7.1 .. .. .. 255 .. 43 9 7 58 0.4
6.1 47 6.8 190 8 41 213 30.1 55 29 17 71 1.7
8.0 51 6.3 176 8 49 178 27.9 63 55 39 83 1.0
Environment Forests (1,000 sq. km) Deforestation (avg. annual %, 1990–2000 and 2000–2010) Freshwater use (% of internal resources) Access to improved water source (% total pop.) Access to improved sanitation facilities (% total pop.) Energy use per capita (kilograms of oil equivalent) Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (metric tons) Electricity use per capita (kilowatt-hours)
141 .. .. 28 15 .. 0.0 ..
133 0.6 10.9 46 18 .. 0.0 ..
125 0.6 6.5 64 22 .. 0.0 ..
Economy GDP ($ billions) GDP growth (annual %) GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth) Value added in agriculture (% of GDP) Value added in industry (% of GDP) Value added in services (% of GDP) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Gross capital formation (% of GDP) Central government revenue (% of GDP) Central government cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP)
2.4 –1.9 4.9 46 16 39 17 34 23 .. ..
2.4 3.2 5.6 42 21 38 27 39 25 13.4 –3.4
9.3 4.5 3.6 37 24 .. 26 36 22 17.1 –2.1
States and markets Starting a business (days) Stock market capitalization (% of GDP) Military expenditures (% of GDP) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Internet users (per 100 people) Paved roads (% of total) High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
.. .. 2.2 0.0 0.0 10.9 ..
41 .. 2.4 0.1 0.1 12.1 15
8 .. 1.9 48.4 2.7 24.6 2
Global links Merchandise trade (% of GDP) Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) Total external debt stocks ($ billions) Total debt service (% of exports) Net migration (thousands) Remittances received ($ millions) Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) Net official development assistance received ($ millions)
40 135 2.5 15.3 –481 107 6 479
56 100 3.0 14.0 –142 73 82 288
56 159 2.3 2.5 –101 436 148 1,093
The Little Data Book
2012
139