144
Module 2: Competitiveness Diagnostics
Trade Promotion Infrastructure: Industry Coordination and Sector Support Link with Competitiveness Challenges Identified in Trade Outcomes Competitiveness challenge areas Main components in industry coordination and sector support
General export environment
Cost Competitiveness
Product extension and quality
Industry associations and bodies Clusters Subsidies and incentives to sectors and exporters
✓ ✓ ✓
✓ ✓
✓
Market penetration ✓
Quantitative Analysis: Indicators and Data Sources Indicators
Sources
Module 2
Industry associations
Share of firms/exporters that are members of industry bodies (taking into account only those that are dues-paying members) Clusters Existence of national cluster programs Subsidies and incentives Existence of subsidy programs to sectors and exporters Share of exporters benefiting from subsidies Cost of subsidies (actual and percent of export value) WTO actions over past X years
National sources National sources National sources National sources National sources WTI
Qualitative Analysis: Interview Targets and Issues for Discussion Interview Targets Government agencies and ministries
Private sector and other institutions
Clusters and industry bodies
• Ministry of Trade and Industry or other ministry with responsibility for clusters, sectors, and industrial policy • Any relevant local or regional government • National Competitiveness Council (if established)
• Individual exporters (small/new and established) across traditional and emerging sectors • Established cluster and industry representative bodies • Universities and training institutions • Relevant research institutions
Subsidies and incentives to sectors and exporters
• Ministry of Trade and Industry or other ministry with responsibility for administering incentive regimes • Export promotion agency
• Individual exporters (small/new and established) across traditional and emerging sectors • Established cluster and industry representative bodies
Key Issues for Discussion in Interviews with Government Agencies and Ministries Industry bodies
• What is the nature of interaction between industry bodies and government? • Does the government provide financial or other support to facilitate the creation and sustainability of industry associations? What are constraints to more collective action on part of industry/exporters? • What role do they see for industry bodies going forward?
Clusters
• • • •
Subsidies and incentives to sectors and exporters
• What subsidy and incentive programs do they offer to exporters? • What is the take-up rate on these? What constraints are there to higher take-up (awareness, administrative burdens, and so on)? • Are they monitoring the cost and impact of these programs? What are the results?
Do they take a sectoral or cluster approach? What sectors/clusters are officially being supported with policy? How are these chosen? How are they organized to deliver support? What public goods are they focused on delivering?