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CONTENTS
A7.2 A7.3 A7.5 A7.6 A7.7 A7.8 A7.10 A7.11
Growth Rates for City of São Paulo, 1950–2010 São Paulo City Social Vulnerability Index, IPVS Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Electric Energy Use by Sector in São Paulo Transport Use in São Paulo Days with Intense Rainfall per Decade Number of Flooding Points Registered by CGE in São Paulo per Year, 2004–2011 Main Flooding Points of Streets Spatial Distribution of Precarious Settlements in City
240 241 243 243 248 248 255 258
Color Section A1.1 A2.1 A4.1 A5.3 A4.6 A5.1 A5.4 A5.5 A6.5 A7.4 A7.9
Population and Megacities in Low-Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Threatened by Sea-Level Rise and Storm Surges Exposure in Large Cities to Cyclones and Earthquakes Rises from 680 Million in 2000 to 1.5 Billion Administrative Map of Dar es Salaam Impact of Sea-level Rise on North Jakarta with Business as Usual Map of Flood Hazard Zone Overlaid on Urban Poor Settlements, Dar es Salaam Administrative Map of Jakarta Population Exposure to Hazards, Jakarta Slum Areas, Flooding and Unregistered Land, Jakarta Vulnerable Areas in Terms of Population and Housing, Mexico City São Paulo´s Topography and Main Waterways Geotechnical Hazard Areas, São Paulo
269 270 271 271 272 273 274 274 275 275 276
Tables 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7
Analytical Framework for Assessing Risk Hazards Impacting the Urban Poor in Case Study Cities Summary Findings of Risk Assessments for Dar es Salaam, Jakarta, Mexico City, and São Paulo Large Disasters with Major Impacts on Cities, 2000–2010 Global Frequency and Risk of Natural Hazards Incremental Impacts of Climate Change and Natural Hazards on Urban Systems and Residents Major Efforts to Rank Exposure in Cities
11 12 13 16 17 18 22