Index
consumption and imports, low possibility of increase in, 136 “economic miracle” in, 138 elasticity patterns in, 109 electronics sector, 253, 256, 261–62, 264, 277, 279–81, 290, 297n14 energy and natural resources, historical demand for, 142 FDI in China, 297n17 foreign exchange reserves, 134 historical trade dominance and, 125 import-export relationship, 37 imported inputs, weight of, 90 production side of economy affected by global financial crisis, 7 stagnation in, 131 study of production-sharing in, 81 systemic efficiency, focus on, 128 JCPenney, 31, 200t Johansen test, 103 Johnson Controls, 222, 297n23 Johnson, R. C., 81–82, 85 joint ventures (JVs) in automotive sector, 227–28, 232–35 “just-in-time” production automotive sector, 212, 213, 221 elasticity, 81b, 94, 95 GVC governance strategies, based on, 38 shift in markets from North to South, 127, 147 JVs (joint ventures) in automotive sector, 227–28, 232–35
K “K” Line, 251 Kaboski, J., 95 Kalman filter, 96 Kaplinsky, Raphael, 12–13, 14, 15, 110, 125, 150, 303 Karmann, 236 Kawakami, Momoko, 9, 13, 16, 17, 18, 245, 278 Kazakhstan and North-South market shift, 13 Kerschbamer, R., 83 Keynes, John Maynard, and Keynesianism, 131, 135 Kia, 222, 290 Kirloskar, 243n15 Kmart, 31 knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) attrition rates, 358 classification of offshoring and outsourcing industries, 339t, 340 differential impact of global financial crisis on, 351, 364, 366f expansion of offshoring and outsourcing industry to include, 335–36
383
size of industry, 341 substitution effect, 361 Koenigsegg Group, 236–37 Kohl’s, 10, 200t Konecta, 362 Konka, 284 Koopman, R., 82 Korea, Republic of apparel sector, 158, 165, 169 automotive sector, 211, 214, 222, 223, 226–27, 232, 238, 240 “economic miracle” in, 138 elasticity in, 105 electronics sector, 255, 262–63, 277, 286 energy and natural resources, historical demand for, 142 export trade, reliance on, 8, 28 FDI in China, 297n17 shift in markets from North to South, 13 Thai cassava imports, 308b, 309 U.S. retail sector fostering supply capabilities in, 130 KPO. See knowledge process outsourcing Kraemer, K., 79, 277 Krugman, P., 131 Kusunoki, Kenichi, 278
L L scenario for resolution of global financial crisis, 131, 137 labor market. See employment/unemployment Land Rover, 236 Lanz, R., 82 Larsen, Aimee, 7, 37 Latin America and Caribbean. See also specific countries apparel sector, consolidation of GVCs in, 16 automotive sector, 210 clustering and regional trade elasticity patterns, 100, 101f offshoring and outsourcing in, 345, 351 regional analysis of developing-country exports, 45, 47f, 62f soya products, Chinese import of, 307 lead firms in apparel sector. See under apparel sector in automotive sector. See under automotive sector in electronics sector, 255–56, 257t, 266, 277, 289–91, 296n5 legal services, offshoring and outsourcing, 339t, 340, 364 Legend Holdings, 297n22 Lenovo, 256, 284, 285–87, 288, 297n22 Leontief, Wassily, 84, 91 Levchenko, A., 36 Levy, D., 52