146
Population Aging
Figure 4.8 Incidence (per 100 Inhabitants) of Risk Factors and Chronic Diseases in Brazil by Age Group, 1998 50 45
incidence per 100 inhabitants
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
4 –2 9 30 –3 35 4 –3 9 40 –4 4 45 –4 9 50 –5 4 55 –5 9 60 –6 4 65 –6 9 70 –7 4 75 –7 9 80 + 25
9
–2
20
4 15
–1
9 5–
–1 10
0–
4
0
age group arthritis and rheumatism
column and back pain
hypertension
heart disease
depression
diabetes
asthma and bronchitis Source: Kilsztajn and others 2003 based on National Household Survey (PNAD) data 1998.
The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases in an aged population also implies a higher burden of disability. Information about old-age disability as a consequence of chronic diseases has been collected in seven Latin America and the Caribbean cities (Buenos Aires, Bridgetown, Havana, Mexico City, Montevideo, São Paulo, and Santiago) by the Survey on Health, Well-being and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean (Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento en America Latina y el Caribe, SABE).8 According to the survey, for all considered cities, only 20.7 percent of the population aged 60 and older declared they were in good health during 1999–2000. Figure 4.9 shows the data related to health conditions for the average of the population aged 60 and older in the seven cities. Most of the aging