Index
dam sedimentation forest degradation and deforestation (Iran), 63, 66, 67f water degradation (Tunisia), 12, 15, 17–19, 18, 19t deforestation, 2 defined, 55 Iran, 53–73. See also forest degradation and deforestation (Iran) demand curve approaches, 3 demolition waste. See waste (Lebanon) diarrhea, 21–23, 31n15 Direction des Soins de Santé de Base (Directorate of Basic Health Care, or DSSB, Tunisia), 22 Direction Générale des Grands Travaux Hydrauliques (General Directorate of Water Resources, or DGRE, Tunisia), 26 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) air pollution (Jordan), 40, 43–44, 45t, 49n13 military waste impacts (Lebanon), 116, 127 water degradation (Tunisia), 14, 22–23 Dixon, John A., xii, 69n8
E Eastern Mediterranean Oil Spill Restoration Fund, 150 Egypt coastal zone management project, 152 COED’s impact on investments, 153 Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) report, 151, 153 Energy Environment Review (EER), 151 NEAP’s rapid assessment in, 148 Second Pollution Abatement Project, 151–52, 153 El Fadel, Mutasem, 89 El-Jisr, Karim, 89 energy sector air pollution (Jordan), 38, 38t impacts, generally, 151–52 Environmental Mediterranean Sustainable Development Program, 154 environmental valuation, 148–49 Euro-Mediterranean cooperation in COED studies, 149–50
163
European Commission, 90 COED studies, use of, 154 European Neighbourhood Policy, 156n4 Joint Research Center, 117 European Investment Bank, 154 European Union Satellite Center, 117 Exxon Valdez oil spill, 136n10, 136n14
F farm land. See agricultural land; agricultural land degradation (Morocco) firewood, 60, 68n7 fisheries and fishing oil spill (Lebanon), 107–10 fishing boats, 103, 137n29 water degradation (Tunisia), 14, 19–21, 20–21f, 28f Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 56, 62, 78, 85n8, 89 food price shocks, 76, 85n3 forest degradation (generally), 2 defined, 55–56 forest degradation and deforestation (Iran), 6, 53–73 biodiversity conservation, 64–65, 66, 67f carbon loss, 63–64, 66, 67f, 69n11, 69nn13–14 cost of forest degradation and deforestation, 59–66, 67f compared to other environmental degradation costs, 67f, 68 dam sedimentation, 63, 66, 67f deforestation, 56–57, 57t degradation, 57–58, 68nn5–6 direct use values, 58t, 59–62 existence value, 65, 70n18 firewood, 60, 68n7 forest degradation, 57–58 forest sector overview, 53–55, 54 grazing and other tangible forest products, 60–61, 66, 67f, 69nn9–10 hunting, 61, 66, 67f indirect use values, 58t, 62–64 loss of plant nutrients, 62–63, 66, 67f methodology, 58t, 58–59 non-use values, 58t, 64–65 overview, 55–58 pharmaceutical products, 60–61, 65, 70n17 recreation and eco-tourism, 61–62, 66, 67f