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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
GLOBAL MONITORING REPORT 2010
TABLE 1.1 Poverty reduction is more difficult in poor countries Median growth elasticity of poverty with respect to poverty line Country group
Low-income countries Fragile states Lower-middle-income countries Upper-middle-income countries
Median poverty headcount at initial year with respect to poverty line (%)
$1.25 a day
$2.00 a day
$1.25 a day
$2.00 a day
–1.01 –0.81 –1.65 –1.04
–0.53 –0.54 –0.88 –1.41
66.02 51.46 15.11 3.60
85.77 74.99 29.54 11.32
Source: World Bank staff calculations from PovcalNet. Note: The values in the table are the medians of {ln(H2/H1/ln(M2/M1} in each category.
TABLE 1.2 Poverty reduction is several times more difficult in Sub-Saharan Africa Median growth elasticity of poverty with respect to poverty line Region
East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Middle East and North Africa South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Total
Median poverty headcount at initial year with respect to poverty line (%)
$1.25 a day
$2.00 a day
$1.25 a day
–1.43 –2.00 –2.03 –2.89 –1.05 –0.76 –1.18
–0.79 –1.12 –1.44 –2.06 –0.48 –0.36 –0.81
48.6 3.7 8.8 4.6 66.5 66.0 18.4
$2.00 a day
77.9 10.2 20.9 19.6 88.1 83.9 39.4
Source: World Bank staff calculations from PovcalNet. Note: The values in the table are the medians of {ln(H2/H1/ln(M2/M1} in each category.
TABLE 1.3 Poverty gaps and ratio of mean income of the poor to the $1.25-a-day poverty line are worse for low-income regions or countries, 2005
Sub-Saharan Africa South Asia East Asia and Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean Middle East and North Africa Europe and Central Asia Middle-income countries Albania Brazil Mexico Thailand Large countries China: urban China: rural India African countries Tanzania Mozambique Liberia Rwanda Source: PovcalNet, World Bank.
Poverty gap with respect to $1.25 a day (%)
Ratio of mean income of those below $1.25 a day to the poverty line (%)
20.1 9.2 5.6
59.7 75.9 71.3
4.9 1.4 1.1
65.1 84.1 67.8
0.1 2.8 0.1 0.01
91.7 65.6 89.6 96.4
0.2 6.5 10.0
90.2 75.2 76.1
48.6 42.0 40.7 38.2
45.1 48.1 50.7 49.9
poverty gaps imply that it will take longer or more effort for the poor to cross the poverty line. In light of the fi nding that the poverty rate itself may take more time to evolve, what low-income countries achieved before the crisis is indeed remarkable.
The full impact of the global economic crisis still lies ahead It is likely that the world has not yet seen the full impact of the crisis on the MDG indicators. A slow global recovery could imply that progress on MDG indicators will stray further from the path it was on before the crisis. Will economic growth and development deteriorate because of a less hospitable global economic environment brought about by the global economic crisis? Chapters 2, 3, and 4 look at lessons from past crises, the current economic situation, the prospects for growth, and the outlook for the MDGs. Chapter 5 focuses on the actions and policies for attaining the MDGs—and beyond.