The Education System in Malawi
29
Table 2.8: Main Reasons for Dropping Out of School Declared by School Heads (in %) Boys Family responsibilities Marriage Fees Employment Sickness Death Dismissed / disobedience Other reasons Girls Family responsibilities Pregnancy Marriage Fees Employment Sickness Death Dismissed / disobedience Other reasons
Std1
Std2
Std3
Std4
Std5
Std6
Std7
Std8
Total
44 0 0 2 4 1 0 47
46 0 1 5 4 1 0 43
45 0 1 9 3 1 1 40
45 1 1 11 3 1 1 38
42 3 1 12 3 1 1 37
42 6 1 12 2 1 1 33
39 11 2 12 2 1 2 32
36 20 2 10 2 1 3 27
44 2 1 7 3 1 1 41
45 0 0 0 2 4 1 0 47
48 0 0 1 4 4 1 0 41
47 0 1 1 8 3 1 0 37
44 2 6 1 10 3 1 0 33
37 6 18 1 7 2 1 1 28
30 12 27 1 4 2 1 0 22
23 17 36 2 3 1 1 1 16
19 21 41 1 2 1 1 1 13
41 4 9 1 5 3 1 0 36
Source: Calculation from EMIS 2007.
Table 2.9: Main Reasons for Dropping Out of School, Declared by Pupils (in %) Reasons Expressed Acquired all education wanted No money for fees/ uniform Too old to continue Married/became pregnant Illness or disability Found work Not interested, lazy Parents told me to stop Had to work or help at home Poor/crowded school Poor quality instruction School too far from home Failed promotion exam Dismissed/expelled Other Teachers’ abuse/ill treatment Total number of individuals (weighted) Number of individuals in the sample
Std1
Std2
Std3
17.3
14.2 5.3
18.0 1.8 2.7 5.7 3.7 57.4 2.2 1.8
1.3 9.9 0.9 54.7 2.4 1.3
5.5 2.0 63.5 1.6 0.0
1.6 0.9
2.2
Std4 2.0 19.2 5.8 15.3 2.8 4.0 46.9
Std5
Std6
11.7 1.7 17.7 5.6 2.0 50.4
11.3 4.5 21.2 3.9
3.9
5.1
2.1 3.6
4.6 1.1 8.7
5.8
2.0
22 472 93
13 386 55
13 344 54
36.4 1.5 9.4
14 178 56
22.6 1.7 4.8 2.3 2.7
1.5 3.9 6.3
12 959 51
Std7 2.9 20.3 3.1 26.2 6.1
12 890 51
2.9 2.3 2.1 12 419 50
Total 0.6 16.1 2.9 10.9 6.0 1.7 48.4 1.4 3.5 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.1 4.0 0.3 101 649 410
Source: Calculation from IHS 2 2004 data. Note: Reasons given by individuals who were attending primary education in 2003 for not continuing primary education the following year.