02 Global Corruption
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against political elites involved in systemic corruption. Though the predominance of supporters of the political opposition gave the organisations and rallies strong political overtones, these demonstrations were organised to criticise the end of the Mani Pulite (‘Clean Hands’) trials, which had given hope for a new, uncorrupted political system. Forty thousand people attended one demonstration in Milan.33 Unfortunately, Prime Minister Berlusconi’s overt campaign against the prosecuting judges in several cases against him has been reinforced by the large majority he received in the 2001 general election. Civil society organisations themselves have faced allegations of corruption. In Denmark, the chairman of the industrial employees within the General Union of Workers and Pension Fund, Willy Strube, committed suicide after he was alleged to have used the financial resources of the trade union for personal gain.34 1
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The country reports on the implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention (both Phase 1 and Phase 2 monitoring) are available on-line at www.oecd.org/EN/document/0,,EN-document-88-3-no-3-1688988,00.html. www.oecdobserver.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/648/Guernsey_and_Jersey_commit_to_cooperate_with_the_OECD_to_address_harmful_tax_practices.html. www.oecd.org/EN/document/0,,EN-document-22-nodirectorate-no-12-28534-22,FF.html. www.g7.utoronto.ca/g7/evaluations/2001genoa. Le Monde (France), 2 March 2002. conventions.coe.int/Treaty/EN/CadreListeTraites.htm. www.cis.es/baros/mar2429.htm. Le Monde (France), 29 March 2002. Le Monde (France), 4 July 2001. Guardian (Britain), 6 February 2002. Le Monde (France), 9 March 2002. BBC News, 22 May 2002. Guardian (Britain), 9 November 2001. The legislation was introduced as part of the Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001. Financial Times (Britain), 29 January 2002. news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/uk/northern_ireland/newsid_1911000/1911347.stm. www.euroaudio.dk/Triple_site/banns/manus_details.asp?UniqueID=412. www.repubblica.it/online/lf_primo_piano/020506scudo_/fiscale/fiscale.html. Le Monde (France), 23 May 2002. www.repubblica.it/online/politica/riformacsm/fine/fine.html. www.repubblica.it/online/politica/onu/onu/onu.html; news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/europe/newsid_1779000/1779156.stm. www.transparency.de/html/themen/InterRechtVorgaben/Submission18.9.01.pdf. Le Monde (France), 28 March 2002. Le Monde (France), 18 December 2001. www.lexpress.fr/Express/Info/France/Dossier/juges/dossier.asp?ida=316851. Denis Robert and Ernest Backes, Révélations (Paris: Arènes Editions, 2001). Fraud Advisory Panel, Third Annual Report, 2000–2001 (London: Fraud Advisory Panel, August 2001). Independent (Britain), 19 April 2002; Financial Times (Britain), 26 April 2002; Economist (Britain), 18 April 2002. Financial Times (Britain), 31 August 2001; Irish Times (Ireland), 25 March 2002. www.transparency.org/pressreleases_archive/2002/2002.05.14.bpi.en.html. Süddeutsche Zeitung (Germany), 18 December 2001. Handelsblatt (Germany), 31 October 2001. Le Monde (France), 25 February 2002. politiken.dk/VisArtikel.sasp?PageID=183549.
Global Corruption Report 2003