1943-October Shipmate

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NAVY DAY ISSUE

11

First in the Service

The favorite cigarette with men in the Army, Navy, Marines, and Coast Guard is Camel.

(Based on sales records in Post Exchanges and Canteens.)

L

ISTEN to the look-out of the submarine _j patrol: "You're up there all alone in that pitching, swaying tin can of a crow's nest.

Your eyes are burning holes through the mist and rain. Sure, you're glad when your watch is over. Then it's me for a Camel first thing. Man, that full, round flavor says "all's well' and then some!"

Not only with you, sailor, but with men in all the services, the favorite is Camel. They've got what it takes for steady smoking pleasure.

— where cigarettes

are

judged

T h e "T-ZONE''—Taste and Throat —is the proving ground for cigarettes. Only your taste and throat ~''^' can decide which cigarette tastes best to y o u . . . and how it affects your throat. Based on the experience of millions of smokers, we beUeve Camels wiU suit your " T - Z O N E " to a " T . "

" / help build sub-chasers," says Inez Dale Myers, naval shipyard worker (above). And the N a v y m a n ' s cigarette is her favorite, too. " I find Camels suit my throat and they don't tire my taste."

Wi£i''^i^S!i&M^f!^^ v-i;!''

cm/i3A^Aecc^nUi:on...a^J&M''\^'mM . . . r/ie qualities required into the packings we make and trust of the United

PITCHING"* . ,

fo meet that demand and the quality has won and — continues to win—the States Navy . . . 27 years of

engineered confidence experience

- ^ 1942-43

NAVY

CONTRACT

METALLIC CONDENSER-TUBB

PACKINGS

METALUC

PACKINGS

AIR COMPRESSOR

METALLIC STERN-TUBE PLASTIC CENTRIFUGAL

PACKINGS

PUMP

PLASTIC SUPERHEAT VALVE PLASTIC SUPERHEAT EXPANSION CABLE STUFFING-BOX CONDENSER-TUBE

OCTOBER, 1943

PACKINGS PACKINGS

JOINT

PACKINGS

PACKINGS

PROTECTOR INSERTS

CRANE PACKING COMPANY BALTIMORE NEW YORK

CRANE

PACKING

BOSTON

1800 CUYLER HOUSTON

PHILADELPHIA

CO.,

LIMITED,

CHICAGO

LOS ANGELES SAN FRANCISCO

HAMILTON,

ONTARIO

"

Pike's Peak to FUJIYAMA I

T takes a block-buster only a few seco|tds to fall from a high-flying U . S. Bomber to its bull's-eye on Berlin or Naples or Tokio. But it took almost 25 years to get the plane up there to drop the bomb. For where

1942 Production has kept pace •with demand for highflying planes

1938

1940

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some of our planes are flying t o d a y s on top of practically anything that flies—the air is so thin that a plane engine would lose about four-fifths of its rated sea-level horsepower if it weren't equipped with a turbosiipercharger.

It was back in the days of World War I that the Army Air Corps first asked General Electric engineers to tackle the problem of feeding plane engines air under pressure to cure the loss of power at high altitudes. T h e

result was the turbosupercharger—a device that scoops in 60-below-zero air and crams it down the engine's windpipe to provide the same amount of oxygen it would normally get at sea level. And since the turbosupercharger takes its power from the engine's own red-hot exhaust gases, it almost makes the plane lift itself by its own bootstraps.

T h e first success came in 1918, on Pike's Peak, where a supercharged Liberty engine, rated at 350 horsepower, actually delivered 356 horsepower at 14,000 feet. That was just the beginning. For 20-odd years G-E engineers worked to improve the device. When the present war broke out, it was ready—a potent, ailAmerican weapon which the Axis, for all its years of war preparation, could not match. Today all of America's big bombers are equipped with turbosuperchargers. And all of these turbosuperchargers are built either by General Electric or in the plants of two other manufacturers from G-E designs.

T h e turbosupercharger is just one of many engineering near-miracles developed in industrial laboratories in time to put on a uniform and begin

fighting for America. W e have them because of the happy combination of ingenuity and perseverance which has always characterized American industry. It is a combination that will have a lot to do with winning the war, and with building the better world hereafter. For then the men who are One end operates at minus 67 degrees, the other

at

building fighting machines will be back on the job of providing better peacetime things for all of us. General Electric Company, Schenectady, N. F.

Hear the General Electric radio programs: The "Hour of Charm" Sunday 70 p.m. EWT, NBC — "The World Today" news, weekdayi 6:45 p.m.

EWT, CBS.

The group that made aviation history in 1918 on Pike's Peak. There, 2\ miles high, this engine supercharged by G-E and U.S. Army engineers actually developed morepo-wer than at sea level!

TH£ BESr INVBSTMENT IN THE WORLD IS IN THIS COUNTKY'S

GENERAL ^

15001

FUTURE—BUY

WAR

BONDS

ELECTRIC g61!-490Cl-211

Ajfloci o^ aiUo4^,..Uoi fjO^xJU and oo^ee The high VACUXJM-INSmATION of AerVoiD food and Uquid carriers provides thermal efficiency fo keep foods hot for hours even when transported in outdoor cold-weather temperatures.

The sturdy, reinforced, welded construction of AerVoiDs provides durability to stand up under rough usage unmatched in any other carrier and lessens the necessity for repairs and replacements at times and places where they would be hard to get.

AerVoiDs are ready for service as soon as unpacked. Just put hot foods and beverages into AerVoiDs piping hot and clamp down the cover. Food carriers available in four different sizes to carry either 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 different hot foods lo each carrier. Convertible soup and coffee carriers available in four different sizes, capacities 10, 8, 5 and 3 gallons.

of • sending food to or with parties operating away from ship.

• feeding gun and ammunition crew^ at their station.

• training stations, air stations and shore bases for transporting hot foods to the scene of activity.

• enabling landing their own hot food.

parties

to

carry

• Servicing hoi foods to men on distant rifle ranges.

AerVoiDs FLOAT when filled to capacity The ability of all AerVoiDs to float when filled to capacity is an invaluable quality when used on landing barges, troop transport ships, commando operations or invasion under fire, where sinkable carriers would mean loss of food supplies. The tight fit of AerVoiD gasketfitted covers is a factor in protecting contents against contamination in all climates.

• supplying hot foods for patrol flights by aircraft.

• supplying hot foods for night crews and promoting earlier cooking aboard ship.

• navy hospitals to lessen investment in more expensive steam tables, service locations far away from kitchens, promote earlier cooking.

Our entire production of AerVoiDs is going into Navy, Marine, Coast Guard, industrial plant and other war effort food servicing. Write today for Navy envelope A 8 , containing information about AerVoiDs of especial interest to Navy food servicing activities afloat, ashore or in the air.

/fF1?lfolT\ DURABLE 7/accuom S^n.dA4£at&d /l^o'TsVpHflJ Food, soup ^2^a< coffee carriers WAriiilil TAM fnUDAMV 2S S^u^'i "oyne Ave.

Chicago 12, III

YALUUIVI v n l l L U I V I r M l l I SOLE MANUFACTURERS At^D OfSTRIBUTORS OCTOBER, 1943

I

Navy Day, 1943 THE PRICE OF

VICTORY

l ^ A Y S before, other Navy men had tofled up this hill, but the crosses they bore were invisible. They did not return. . . Now, over that blood-bathed path made -forever sate from enemy guns by those who went before, their comrades toil to mark and fashion an eternal resting place for those who fell. On their shoulders they bear the symbol of self-sacrifice, to remind those who shall hereafter come this way in security that on this spot men died so that those who live shall be free men.

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THE EYES AND THE EARS OF THE

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Managing Editor

OCTOBER, 1943

NAVY

Vol. 6—No. 10

V

THE PUBLICATION OF THE UNITED STATES NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION U. S. NAVAL ACADEMY, ANNAPOLIS, MD.

HARRY R. ENGLAND, '27

3o4iienU Board of Trustees President and Trustee CDR. C . M C K . LYNCH, '07

Vice Presidents and Trustees CDR. CLYDE W . K I N G , '22 GEORGE B . J I I N K I N , "13

TRUSTEES R. ADM. THOMAS J. S E N N , '91 ADM. D . F . SELLERS, '94 ADM. W . H . STANDLEY, '95 ADM. H . E. YARNELL, '97 ADM. A. J. H E P B U R N , '97 CAPT. E . J. SADLER, '99 R. ADM. W I L S O N BROWN, '02 ADM. H . R . STARK, "03 ADM. C. "W. N I M I T Z , '05 R. ADM. R . W I L L S O N , '06 R. ADM. BRYSON BRUCE, '07 R. ADM. R . JACOBS, '07

Ex-Gov. L. C. STARK, '08 LT. CDR. T . A. NICHOLSON, '10 LT. CDR. W . V. BRANDT, '11 CDR. M . D . GILMORE, '11 N O R M A N O . W Y N K O O P , '16 CDR. V. F. BLAKESLEE, '20 GERALD A. STACEY, '22 J O H N WALDHAUSER, JR., '23 CDR. W . W . HONAKER, '26 (SC; CDR. T . J . H A M I L T O N , '27 LT. J . M . BURNHAM, '41 ENS. J . L M C C L A N E , JR., '4A

Single copies 15c Subscription Price $1.50 Per Year

Copyright 1943, United States Naval Academy Alumni Association Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post Office at Annapolis, Md.

OCTOBER, 1943

Navy Day, 1943

4

The Academy At W a r

8

Weather Is No Accident—By Ivan Roy Tannehill 10 Fighting Artists Preserve Scenes of Historic Naval Actions 12 The Bug Buzzes On

15

Four Strong Men, East and West Who Lead the United Nations 16 The Japanese Naval Defeat At Shimonoseki in 1863—By Lieutenant Malcolm W. Cagle, '41 18 Spying, Propaganda, and Victory 20 From Over There T o Johnny Zero—By tenant Warren S. Holmes, USNR

Lieu22

Learning T o Live While Training To Fight —By Lieut. Comdr. Ralph A. Sentman, '25 {Ret.) 23 Miscellaneous Cargo

24

They Die—To Fight Again

26

Navy Athletics

27

Spindrift—By Lee Shores

28

W e Waiting Wives

30

The Searchlight

32

Forty-live Degree Leeway

33

What's the Dope

34

Navy War Bond Sales Rolling Along

82

On the Beam

90

T h e Last Call

91

Branch Association News

92

W a r Communiques

Insert

THIS MONTH'S COVER. The Chapel Altar. A recent study in Kodachrome by Commander E. J. Steichen, USNR.

How to stop 0 war »»Mke that!

FRICTION can stop anything Even a war.

Especially this war, mechanized as it is to an almost incredible degree.

Take away a certain anti-friction device— and the greatest war machine we have ever faced would soon grind to a permanent stop.

Take away anti-friction bearings—and not only the tools of war, but the machines which make these tools of war would shortly become so much scrap.

UNFORTUNATELY, we are not yet able to do this.

But in the field of anti-friction bearings—as in other fields —we are steadily out-producing our enemies.

Before bombs dropped at Pearl Harbor, NEW DEPARTURE was the world's largest producer of ball bearings . . . now it has a major responsibility in the ball bearing war program.

NEW DEPARTURE

DIVISION OF GENERAL MOTORS

BRISTOL, CONNECTICUT 3187

. Nothing

rolls like a ball

NewVefHvilUne THE

FORGED f

STEEL BEARING

SHIPMATE

THE SPIRIT OF What distinguishes this unkempt-looking Beechcraft plywood AT-10 Transitional T r a i n e r from its sleek sisters a m o n g the umpteen hundreds that have been delivered to the Army Air Forces.''

Simply the fact that it is signed (in wash-off crayon) with the names of thousands of Beechc r a f t e r s a n d h a s t h e i r m o n e y p l a s t e r e d all over it.

It was the last unit of a large group, and a spontaneous movement developed on the production line to commemorate the event by autog r a p h i n g the airplane and making a donation to the recreational fund of the field to which the airplane would be assigned.

T h e Beechcrafters didn't care where the airplane was going; they just wanted to be generous to some of the Air Force men w h o use the p r o d u c t of their hands and skills.

In a few days the movement spread to all departments of the plant and almost every employee autographed the airplane and made his or her contribution. T h e result was a total of more than 2100 dollars derived solely from employee contributions, to be given without any restrictions to the recreational fund of the training field which received this Beechcraft AT-10.

This is another example of the Spirit of Beechcraft which has manifested itself in the past through Benefit Shows and Carnivals organized and conducted by Beechcrafters for the benefit of Service men and women.

T h e motto at Beechcraft is "Let's Kill 'em with Production," but that doesn't prevent additional activities which are intended to show appreciation of the heavy contributions which are being made by Service men and women everywhere. P e r h a p s this spirit expresses the meaning of that much-abused word, Morale.

^ C O R P O R A T I O N BEECHC

OCTOBER,

RAFTS

1943

ARE

DOING

THEIR

PART

WICHITA,

KANSAS,

U.S.A.

The Aca Navy Day: '43, fij on site of old Fon

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Emphasis in midshipman training is being placed on practical aspects of the war, and the many problems that confront our Navy in this seven-ocean struggle.

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'TpHE serene blue waters of the Severn -*â&#x20AC;˘ continue to peacefully slap the sea wall of the Naval Academy, and old Tecumseh still stands guard over the Regiment dad in the same trim navy blues. But across the river in the Experimental Station, staccato explosions blast the air in timid echoes of guns in Salerno and 3100 midshipmen graduate a year ahead of schedule.

To one who has not visited the Academy in the past five years, considerable changes have both expanded its material aspect and its academic training courses. Two new wings have been added to Bancroft Hall and a new classroom building. Ward Hall, named in honor of the first Commandant of Midshipmen, stands next to the Armory. The Museum and Dispensary, built some four years ago, add to the Yard's face lifting, while near the Radio Towers a training squadron and well equipped hangar indoctrinate midshipmen in the vital subject of naval aviation. Directly ofiF Cemetery Point, almost twenty-three acres were reclaimed from the Severn, and a plot of ground was purchased across the street from Thompson Stadium.

Humorous changes have come to the Academy as a result of the war. The minimum age limit was raised from 16 to 17 for entering midshipmen and last year, Russian and Japanese languages were added to their curriculum for the first time. Infantry drill has largely given way to a commando obstacle course (except for the Plebe class) and up in the wresding loft, middies are taught how to break the enemy's back before he breaks theirs.

This is the Naval Academy at war.

During the year 1941, the Academy broke all records by graduating three classes of midshipmen within the year.

On February 7, the regular class of 1941 became ensigns; on May 15, a class of reserve midshipmen was graduated; and, on December 10, the regular class of 1942 received their commissions. In a single year more than 1500 junior ofi&cers were sent direct from the Academy to the Fleet. At the present time, over 4000 new officers have been commissioned for active naval service since Pearl Harbor. increasing the midshipmen apBYpointments allotted Congressmen from four to five, and with increases in the other types of appointments, the Naval Academy jumped from a peacetime enrollment of 2460 to a warnme Regiment of 3100, the largest ever to be recorded in % years of history.

In order to provide for the students, a OCTOBER,

1943

large group of retired and reserve officers and civilians were called to the Academy.

In a statement made by the Academy superintendent, Rear Admiral John R. Beardall, USN, the Academy now has a stafif of 85 regular active officers, 33 retired officers, 204 reserve officers and 69 members of the civilian faculty. The 1943 enrollment again is approximately 3100 midshipmen.

Training and smdy courses were necessarily streamlined with the more vital ones intensified. The present course includes 96 per cent of the academic and theoretical study formerly covered. Because no battleships were available for the usual summer cruises, the First and

Grim realism is injected into gunnery classes by the reports on Naval action received every day at AnnapoUs.

aviation indoctrination course at Jacksonville, Fla., prior to sea duty.

For the first time in the history of the Naval Academy, midshipmen have been appointed from South American countries. Cuba, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela are the countries represented, with two appointed last year, two this. There is one Philippine midshipman enrolled, a First Classman. The first Hawaiian student ever to be appointed to the Academy was in World War I days, September 1918.

Particular importance is being centered on the eiilarged sports program, with every midshipman required to take part in a team. Even the most physically

inactive man is reached. The program is carried out during recreation hours under careful supervision. It requires over 4000 team members throughout the course of the yearâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;over and above those Second Classes were granted leave from needed for outside competition on varJune 2 to July 11, the first summer of sit}' squads. At some time during the war, and then remrned to academic smdy. year, each midshipman becomes an athMembers of the Third Class spent oneletic competitor. third of the time on leave, one-third cruising in patrol boats and subchasers on Chesapeake Bay and one-third in aca- T N S T E A D of ordering additional indemic study. The Plebe class entered the fantry drill for a middie, he is told to middle of June and reported throughout take a lap around the commando course. the summer. A similar program was car- The course is 600 yards long with fifteen ried out the summer of 1942 but during major obstacles spaced at intervals to test this past summer an old type battleship the agility and stamina of the participant. quartered the First and Third Classes on There is the sand pit through which the a three weeks Bay cruise for pracdcal boys run full steam ahead; the water gunnery training. jump frequently isn't and the "monkey Immediately following the June 9 cage" forces one to crawl on all fours graduation of the Class of 1944, all through a maze of sticks and twisted sap{Continued on page 71) hands were required to take a ten-weeks'

"CROM ancient times, men have had -'- sufficient knowledge of the winds to take advantage of seasonal changes. For cenmries, merchant ships changed courses with the seasons as the winds changed.

The Romans carried on a large sea trade with India, taking advantage of strong seasonal winds known as monsoons. Although men were familiar with the changes in prevailing winds, it is hard to believe that they sailed the seas from as early as the thirtieth century B.C. down to the eighteenth century A.D. before they discovered that storms move from erman's job is to predict that consequence place to place. as accurately and as long ahead of time as Benjamin Franklin suspected that possible. And though weather and espesome of the storms of the eastern United cially wind has lost the overwhelming States move from southwest to northeast, naval importance it had in the days of but the fact was not clearly demonstrated sailing ships, the rise of air power has until early in the nineteenth cenmry. Beemphasized anew the wartime imfore that time there was no satisfactory portance of weather forecasts. Any opmeans of telling what the weather might erations officer in the Aleutians will testbe tomorrow. Since early times, of course, ify to the tmth of that statement. seamen have watched the changes in the sea and sky and tried, with some success, HAT is one of the reasons for restricto anticipate bad weather and storms, but tions on weather information in warthe use of a weather map to chart the time, and that is why the remarkable movement of storms was unknown until story of how weather forecasting is being relatively recent times. Entirely aside used in the war cannot be told in full unfrom trade significance, weather was til peace comes.

But anyone, knowing a about as likely to win a sea battle as the few general principles, can be something admirals. Trafalgar, Cape St. Vincent, the Batde of the Nile, and countless other in- of a forecaster on his own while enjoying stances can be cited, illustrating the part an ocean voyage or enroute to open a played in naval strategy and tactics by bridgehead on an enemy shore.

The first thing to notice is the surface the "accident" of weather. Only nowadays we do not call it an accident. We of the sea.

Icnow that weather is the logical conseThe ocean rarely has a perfectly smooth quence of namral causes, and the weath- surface. Even when the atmosphere is

Weather Is An authority explains where wind and waves begin, and gives an account of great storms in history calm, there is nearly always some wave motion caused by winds at a distance. We can sit on deck on a quiet day and observe the ship's rail as it rises slowly above the horizon; it pauses there a second or two and then descends with the background of blue water rising above it. The ship rolls with the long low undulations of the sea, which may be scarcely perceptible to

T

Wind and waves as experienced by a Naval supply vessel off the coast of Iceland and, right, above, an aerologist goes up to take a look at the weather at one of the U. S. Navy's shore stations.

Mr. Tannehill, formerly chief of the Marine Division, U. S. Weather Bureau, is now chief of the critically important Division of Synoptic Reports and Forecasts, and author of Hurricanes: Their Nature and History.

This account of wind and waves is taken from his latest book.

Weather Around The World, just published

by Princeton University Press and highly recommended to naval personnel.

Next month, in these pages, Mr. Tannehill will discuss, "Clouds and Their Effect on World Weather."

No Accident

By Ivan Ray Tannehill

the eye; sometimes the low crests come at intervals as long as fifteen to twenty seconds; somewhere, a strong wind has disturbed the surface of the sea and the undulations move outward in all directions like ripples from a stone thrown into a pond; one after another, with surprising regularity they travel surely and silendy across vast stretches of ocean, raising the ship a litde as they pass.

Messengers of the storm, they may well be, for every storm at sea sends out waves in all directions. Since winds are direaed around the storm center somewhat like a whirlwind, and the waves move outward from it, often so rapidly that they outmn the storm, we may get the first warning of the gale in the undulations of the sea.

Gradually the waves become steeper and the sea rougher with whitecaps ("white horses") everywhere; the sky becomes clouded; here and there the wind begins to carry the crests of the waves away in streaks of foam; then the gale begins; the horizon undulates and is no longer a smooth circle; finaUy, there are towering waves on all sides and powerful winds sweep the decks, driving the rain through a welter of foam and spray torn from the wave crests. W e are now in the midst of the storm. Waves created here are constantly moved on, into quieter seas, fliatOCTOBER, 1943

tening into low undulations and at last arriving at some distant coast where they pile up and spill over on the shore.

When a strong wind blows for a long time from the same point of the compass over a long stretch of ocean, very large waves are developed; the stronger the wind and the greater the stretch of ocean over which it continues to blow, the larger the waves that are finally developed. Sometimes they become very large indeed, and they travel at great speed. long continuation of strong AFTER ^ winds, great waves move with a velocity almost if not quite that of the wind itself. Waves have been observed to move at speeds estimated at more than 70 miles an hour.

We can get some idea of the size of waves by their efiFect on large ships. The SS OLYMPIC, when bound from Southampton to New York on February 27, 1925, was struck during a heavy gale by a wave 70 feet high which badly damaged the navigation bridge 75 feet above sea level. The SS AQUITANIA bound from New York to Southampton encountered the same gale, during which a heavy sea swept her bridge, carrying away a locker and smashing a chronometer and three sextants. The AQUITANIA'S bridge was

70 feet above sea

As prepared by the U. S. Weather Bureau, the chart at left shows typical tracts of tropical storms at various parts of the world. Each line shows the movement of the storm center. The average diameter of these storms, which originate near the Equator, is 200 to 300 miles. The weatherbeaten old Coastguardsman above, is intimately

level. Seas reaching acquainted with s u c h a height of 80 feet '*'"â&#x20AC;˘'"*â&#x20AC;˘ were measured by Sir Bertram Hayes on the SS MAJESTIC in a gale of hurricane force on the Atlantic on December 29,1922. The ship hove to and rode the waves, which were of great regularity and of phenomenal dimensions. The true wind was calculated at 75 miles an hour.

The length of great waves in the open sea is not so well known as their height.

A strong gale on the North Atlantic may produce waves 800 feet in length from crest to crest. With long continued winds of great force, the period and speed of the waves show that their length sometimes exceeds 2,000 feet.

The most violent storms of the oceans are those which originate over the ocean near the Equator. They are more or less circular in shape with winds directed around and in toward the center. They move progressively from place to place so that the winds usually are not impressed for a long time upon the same part of the ocean. Nevertheless, the violence of the winds in tropical storms is sometimes so great that very high waves are developed in a relatively short time. {Continued on page 73) 11

Fighting Artists Preserve Scenes Of Historic Naval Actions "LJE crouched in a foxhole on Guadalcanal, numb with weariness and worried about flying bomb fragments.

There were others crouching with him, men weak from malaria, men who had bmshed by death from Jap sniper bullets, men who were fighting a grim batde that meant so much to America. They joshed a little and cursed the planes that kept them from getting any sleep.

Then one came closeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and shrapnel found the foxhole.

He was lucky. Not even a scratch. But in the gray, murky dawn that soon came, he watched the litter bearers come for others who had been less formnate and carry the wounded gently back through the jungle to a bed in the field hospital.

He didn't know it, but about the same time, one of his brother officers was standing quiedy on the bridge of a warship with an Africa-bound convoy. It was pitch black. His trained eyes were just able to distinguish the dark hulls of the ships around him. He mrned to the helmsman: "Some punishment for Hitler in this bunch of ships."

The convoy plowed on, strong, silent, vengeful.

In the daylight hours, these two men mrned back to their weapons of war.

They were two of the U. S. Navy's combat artists who are traveling where the Lieutenant Dwight C. Shepler, USNR, sketching aboard a battleship in the South Pacific.

war goes and recording with skilled hands what they see and feel. In the thick of battle, at supply outposts, or the convalescent ward of a base hospital, they take out their brushes to preserve for the public and for history the vivid scenes of modern war.

In addition to their primary function as artists, they have additional duties as junior officers of the watch afloat. In order that their work may be completely authentic, they attended a Navy indoctrination school before being sent to sea.

All must take a mrn at regular duties aboard ship. These men do not go to war simply as observers, but are part of the ship's complement and have battle station assignments. In this way the artists secure a better and more thorough understanding of their subject matter and are able to render it accurately and convincingly.

In all theatres of war, from the great naval battles of Guadalcanal, Savo Island and Santa Cruz, the occupation of Amchitka in the Aleutians, aboard convoys to Iceland and Africa, these officerartists have been on the spot, experiencing momentous events at first hand and recording them so that the public may have a more vivid picmre of these activities and that a true historical record may be obtained for posterity. They have rendered other practical services such as observing color conditions to aid in camouflage, and in drawing charts or making identification silhouettes.

YEAR before Pearl Harbor the A Navy commissioned Lieutenant Commander Griffith Baily Coale, USNR, to paint historical events relating to the emergency period. His first assignment was a convoy to Iceland. The stirring events of that perilous trip were recorded in paintings and drawings, supplemented by his log, which were published in book form by Farrar and Rinehart under the title "North Atlantic Patrol."

Coale later went to Pearl Harbor and Midway. He painted in Hawaii an important historical canvas, depicting the sneak attack of December 7, reconstructed from photographs and eye witness accounts. While there, as well as at Midway, he gathered material for his

Standing regular watches and routine duties these men, leaders in their professions in civilian life, are utilizing their skills to benefit future historians second book, "Victory at Midway," to be published in the fall.

When Admiral A. J. Hepburn, now chairman of the General Board of the Navy, was Director of Public Relations in 1942, four young artists. Lieutenant William F. Draper, USNR, of Boston, Lieutenant Dwight C. Shepler, USNR, of Boston, Lieutenant Albert K. Murray, USNR, of New York, and Lieutenant (j.g.) Mitchell Jamieson, USNR, of Washington, D. C, were commissioned as officer-artists to be sent on combat assignments. All but Jamieson were already in the Navy when they were detailed to this work.

The Navy's art project was carefully worked out. Painters, it was decided, could catch the dramatic intensity of a scene and put it down on canvas. They could also omit confidential technical details which a camera might reveal, thus making many interesting subjects available for publication. Subjects beyond the range of photography can be vividly depicted by painters, such as action at night, or in foul weather, or action widely scattered over the sea or in the air. N o photographs are available of the night battleship engagement ofiF Savo Island, but Lieutenant Dwight Shepler has depicted it in a painting showing the second phase of the victorious action against two strong Japanese forces on November 14, 1942. The picmre was checked for accuracy and approved by the Admiral commanding our forces there.

Lieutenant Shepler served as a deck officer aboard several ships during six months of the first Solomons Campaign, when bitter fighting was at its peak. His cmiser was in the thick of the batde of Santa Cmz. From his batde station SHIPMATE

Lieutenant (jg) Mitchell Jamieson ( e x t r e m e left) and one of the many drawings he has done.

This is "Port of Embarkation."

Shepler saw Jap planes dive-bomb his ship, and U. S. planes screen one of our carriers. This scene, with the sky speckled with anti-aircraft fire, and Jap planes falling, gives us one of Shepler's most stirring paintings.

In the mud and dust and jungle of Guadalcanal, Shepler lived for three weeks, under steady bombardment by the Japs. His picmres disclose more fully than photographs the true character of this tropical hell and the struggles of our gallant Marines. Shepler's watercolors show men, malarial and wounded, being carried to landing boats and then to waiting ships, leaving comrades, dead and alive, who demonstrated American courage at its best. This artist saw the peak of batde action. He portrays, with a revealing insight, the men behind the guns and their leaders from first hand knowledge, gained as a fellow officer, who experienced their thrills and dangers.

ported that eccentric winds, which sometimes blew at 100 miles an hour, wrecked planes and tossed lumber about like paper. The efiFects of this dread wind, more destructive than enemy raids, is recorded in three paintings. These, and other picmres, were made under most trying circumstances, for several times his canvas sailed into the air as a kite.

When Draper ran out of canvas he worked on pieces of masonite, salvaged from Quonset huts. In his Alaskan series he also depicted the Sea Bees, the Navy's resourceful Constmction Battalions, who built from nothingness a Navy town to shelter men and equipment. His brush reveals the ever present hazards of life in a savage Arctic wilderness and out on a wilder sea whose waters can freeze a man in a short time. Through it all runs the never failing spirit of out fighting men, and the acts of courage, heroism and unspoken sacrifice that war brings out. Draper's Aleutian series has been FFICER-ARTIST Lieutenant Wil- published in the August, 1943 issue of liam F. Draper went ashore with the the National Geographic Magazine. forces of occupation at lonely Amchitka Lieutenant Albert K. Murray, in adIsland, the Aleutians, last January. His dition to other duties, has made a series paintings show great ships stealing of charcoal and oil portraits of heroes of through hazardous waters in the cold the USS BOISE, after this veteran cruiser Arctic dawn, grey shadows against a returned from notable exploits in the greyer sky, while boatloads of anxious Pacific and was undergoing repairs at the soldiers approach the barren shores in Philadelphia Navy Yard. The Captain, small landing boats. All were tense since keen Irish-looking Mike Moran; the they did not know what Jap resistance doctor, under whose expert and devoted might develop. One of the ships ran care all men not kiUed outright were aground and spread oil about, a likely brought through safely; the gunner's target for Jap planes apt to arrive at any mate and others, all heroes in a common minute. Formnately the Japs deferred their first bombing visit for some days.

Lieutenant Draper's number was almost up once as strafing bullets skimmed through the grass next to him as he crouched in his foxhole. In several dramatic oils he shows Jap planes attacking our positions, with bombs bursting, and tracer buUets and ack-ack fire against a sullen wintry sky. Lieutenant Draper re-

O

Lieutenant William F. Draper, USNR, another of the Navy combat artists with one of his Alaskan scenes done on the spot.

14

fight, have been put on paper and canvas as typical examples of American heroism.

His is a notable record of the stalwart men of a notable ship. Murray is now in the Caribbean, depicting Naval activity in a theatre of the war that has yielded some fine, though not quite so spectacular material, as has the Pacific and Aleutians.

Lieutenant (j.g.) Mitchell Jamieson, USNR, whose series of paintngs on "Embarkation" recently appeared in Life Magazine, made a running picmre story of the convoy trip to North Africa.

Jamieson stood his watches, and he shows us all of the manifold activity aboard a convoyed troop ship—weighing anchor, signaling, gunnery practice, men lounging in an uncomfortable aft hold, a scene in the,galley as Filippino cooks get chow ready and sailors sit peeling spuds, men receiving mail, attending Divine service —all the phases of life on shipboard.

T N North Africa, Jamieson has seen -•• much of the impact of military occupation on that area. His impressions of Arab coal heavers at midnight, paintings of soldiers marching to the ever present accompaniment of small Arab children begging for alms, the phases of building a Tent City to house fast increasing numbers of troops, men learning to do things with their hands through necessity, long convoys entering the harbor and troops disembarking, the training of amphibious forces for invasion, torpedoed ships—all the myriad scenes and activities of modern warfare Jamieson has capmred against a fantastic background of green and brown African hiUs and blue sky. He has seen and brought to us the extensive preparations and humdrum routine that are as much a part of war as battles themselves.

These officer-artists have not done their paintings in an ivory tower, but have gone out to risk and sufiFer in the same degree as the men behind the guns. Their work wiU enable the public to have a better appreciation, and to view with more complete understanding and insight, what is being done by our fighting men on the world's far flung battlefronts.

In order to reach the widest audience, all releasable pictures are loaned to newspapers, magazine and book publishers for reproduction. Selections from the work produced by all the Navy artists will be published in a book this fall by Morrow & Company. Picmres in color and others in black and white will be reproduced with appropriate text.

The collection of paintings and drawings resulting from the work of these {Continued on page 30)

SHIPMATE

The Bug Buzzes On <<'TpHE BUG" is only a small Navy scout seaplane . . . one of a type (the OS2U KING-^ FISHER) noted neither for their longevity nor headline-making deeds. They serve a vital use as 'eyes' of capital ships, and many of them have been lost heroically doing their duty. But they rarely get top billing in communiques.

The BUG is the exception. Perhaps it was because she survived the Pearl Harbor attack, and despite some hastily-patched damage went dauntlessly out before dawn of December 8, 1941, to scour the horizons for traces of the attacking Japanese force. Whatever the reason, whimsical Fate deigned to tip the BUG with the wand of glory.

Stationed at the Ellice Islands after participating In the American occupation of that outpost, the BUG joined the flotilla of planes and ships combing the South Pacific in search of Captain Eddie Rickenbacker, downed with a group of Army men on a lopg flight in November of 1942.

The BUG hit the jackpot.

Not only was she the plane to locate the missing World War I Army ace, she also taxied many miles on the ocean surface with Rickenbacker and another survivor of the crash lashed to her wings.

That was nearly a year ago. Her day of fame was just another duty day for the BUG. Aged by rwo full years of war, veteran of 1,100 hours aloft, during which she traversed more than a quarter of a million miles, still. . . .

The BUG buzzes on.

OCTOBER,

1943

15

Washington.

N intensely human and humane man, Franklin Roosevelt said, "I hate war," but now he has a major role in runninq Ihe biggest war the world has ever seen. As you talk with him in his office, you forget that he is confronted with problems such as no other President ever had to meet.

His face lights with that magical smile which captivated Americans in three elections, and he con tell a good story or join in laughter ot oaother's. More thon ten years in the White House have, to be sure, left their mark upon him.

His foce is more lined and. ot times, he seems tired, but o few days away from Washington refreshes him unbeUevobly.

There is in him a great desire to do things on o personal basis. That's why he likes to meet Prime Minister Churchill from time to time. That's why he wonts to meet Premier Stalin. That's why he has gone out to inspect war production factories and visit the comps of the armed forces.

His worst moment in the White House- by his own declaration, was the day when the Japanese surprised the defenders of Pearl Harbor and one of his most nervous hours wos when he woited for word of the AUied landings in North Africa. Though he longs for peace, he will settle for nothing less than unconditional surrender. â&#x20AC;&#x201D;W. H. Lawrence.

London (By Wireless).

BITAIN could not have a leader truer to type than Prime Minister Churchillâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;in oppeoronce Pickwickian, in manner puckish, in language o swashbuckling Elizabethan. With his cigar in his cherubic face, a ilot-crowned derby upon his heod, his coot open over the vestige of a pocunch, he is the cartoonist's representation of lohn Bull come to life. At various times he hotf shown his qualities as soldier, statesman, historian, orator, but it took o supreme national crisis to call all these qualities into ploy. Direct descendant of the Duke of Marlborough, he has been Conservative member of Porliament for Epping since 1924. He likes England as it is and would moke hoste slowly in reform. Indeed it has been said that he is fighting a twentieth-century war for eighteenth-century ideals. Yet none wos quicker than he lo see the menace of Hitlerism or more eloquent in sounding the alarm. When France fell it was to him thai the country turned for leadership.

He promised Britons "blood, sweat, toil and tears," but he promised to lead them in a fight on fhe beaches and in the streets oi their cities if necessary. In his sixty-ninth year, he is o robust figure of whom it may truly be said that nature so blended in him all the elements of greatness that the world could soy, "There is a mon."â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Raymond Daniell.

Who Lead the United Nations

Moscow (By WiTeless).

HE years hove brought ruggedness to the face, grayed the raven hair and intensified the I I piercing, quizzical block eyes of losif Vissorionovich Stalin (Dzhugashvili), Marshal of the Soviet Union, hero of Socialist toil, bearer of the Order of Lenin, Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Premier, People's Commissor of Defense, Choirman of the War Council and Supreme Commonder in Chief of the Red Army dnd fhe Red Fleet, who is referred to in choruses, odes and children's couplets os Father and Leader.

At o time when Soviet leaders' uniforms ore becoming more eloborote he remains most modestly clod, invoriably wearing a simple khaki tunic and occasionally a gold star and V decorotion. Lotest reports on his appearance stress his robust heolth and the keenness of his eye. He works long hours undisturbed when concentrating, prefers to see or speak personally with those who carry out his orders, lots down notes on countless scraps of paper, ond believes in the principle of long, free discussion before major decisions ore token. He patronizes young writers, reloxing completely in their presence. He sees every foot of Soviet documentary war films. He enjoys a rousing song and a hearty laugh with old comrades. â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Ralph Parker.

Chungking (By Wireless). , I H I N A has o leader whose right to direct ihe war and the nation is recognized by every one I I in the tout, alert personality of Generolissimo I Chiang Koi-shek. Since his faith never weak. ened in China's obility to resist.Jopon and become an independent nation, he is largely responsible for the six-yeor phenomenon of Free China. Even omong the illiterate peasantry, who generally ore uninterested in noiionol ofiairs, his name stands for ihe freedom of China.

His political enemies regard him as essential to notional unity and military victory. A severe man, his leadership has o military style. But he is also o moralist professing Christianity without losing faith in fhe Confucian virtues, which he constantly recommends to his countrymen.

A military, political and state executive, he is the busiest man in China. He is interested in, and feels personally responsible for, every detail of China's notional life. Although his methods of administration are not always approved, no one doubts the sincerity of his devotion io the cause of on independent, self-respfecting China after the imoge of Dr. Sun Yot-sen. Ai the age of 58 the "Gissimp," as he is familiarly referred to, is physically and intellectually vigorous. He is seldom seen, but his influence ia felt throughout Free China. â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Brooks Atkinson.

Drawings by Morris I. KaJiem.

The Japanese Naval Defeat At Shimonoseki In 1863

By Lieutenant Malcolm W . Cagle, '41 ASK any American where the first Jap•^*anese naval defeat from American hands occurred and he will say "Midway," "Coral Sea" or the naval actions ofi^ Guadalcanal. It is strange how history has laid dust upon the first conflict between the Stars and Stripes and the rising sun of Japan that took place over eighty years ago in the narrow straits of Shimonoseki.

Certainly the Japanese would like to forget the battle. It was fought amid the fury and flame of the Civil War—long before the majority of the world even knew or cared about Japan and while America's attention was centered at home. Had the battle been fought at any other time it would have been re-

corded in American history as a memorable victory.

The battle is important today for several reasons. It is important first of all for its historical interest and relation to the present conflict. Secondly, it characterizes the Japanese as a warlike, greedy, self-conscious people. Thirdly, the battle sheds light on the Japanese spirit of treachery and their hatred of foreigners.

And lastly, the battle is prophetic because the war of today will certainly end as did that battle of yesterday—in total American victory.

The world is now familiar with Commodore Matthew Galbraith Perry's famous trip to Japan, and the story of how Japan was "opened" to foreign trade and the outside world after some two hundred years of seclusion. It now appears unfortunate that Commodore Perry did not let sleeping rats lie —but in any case, Japan officially opened her doors to the world in 1853. For almost ten years the Japanese absorbed, observed, and copied Western progress. In that short space of time, the clever imitators made prodigious efforts to make up for the lost time of 200 years; but suddenly in 1863 came an event that almost closed the Japanese doors again.

famous treaty in which the Japanese harbors of Nagasaki and Hakodate were opened to American traders. This treaty was signed, however, not by the representatives of the Mikado, but by three officials detailed by the Shogun—or as we say, the "Viceroy" of Japan. The Mikado was,strongly opposed to the whole transaction, mainly because he was ignorant both of his own weakness and the strength and determination of the United States. The Shogun and his followers, on the other hand, had their eyes on the revenue, taxes, and import duties which would flow to them from foreign trade, and were therefore very agreeable and anxious to maintain relations.

Matters continued thus for some nine or ten years. Foreign trade flourished and increased, but anti-foreign prejudice continued to -exist among a large section of the Japanese nobles and their armed retainers. Among the most powerful clans in Japan, next to that in which the Shogun belonged, were those of Satsuma and Chosiu, and both families were viciously jealous of the exalted position of the Tokugawa clan which has passed down from generation to generation the office of Viceroy for almost three cenmries. Both of these clans (Satsuma and Chosiu) were faithful to the god-like Emperor, and both had raised their own personal armies into efficient military organization. By obtaining from the Dutch traders at Nagasaki models and drawings of western ordnance, they succeeded in casting a number of smooth bore guns.

These guns, while not a match for the rifled armament of foreign naval vessels then in Japanese waters, were nevertheless able to inflict tremendous damage on ships navigating the narrow and treacherous Shimonoseki channel.

To understand the background that preluded the first naval engagement between the United States and Japan, The leader of the Chosiu clan, meanlet us review briefly this while, made a trip to the holy city of period of Japanese hisKioto, and there prevailed upon the emtory. Commodore Perry, peror to issue an order commanding the in 1853, concluded his Shogun to break off^ all foreign relations and intercourse immediately. As the proCaptain David McDougal, cession of the Chosiu clan was passing who showed the Japs a along the main road near the foreign setthing or two in Naval tlements of Yokohama, they passed a ridstrategy in 1863.

T h e narrow straits at Shimonoseki.

It was not long before the American merchantman PEMBROKE arrived

ing party of three English merchants and one lady. Foreigners, in respect to the holy dignity of Japanese princes, were supposed to dismount and bow to the ground before the Japanese parry. But they did not.

The fanatic soldiers nearest the party drew their swords and killed one man named Richardson, slashed an arm ofi^ one of the others, and cut off the lady's hair before escape was made. The same night, the newly constructed British legation in Yokohama was burnt down, and several other foreigners murdered.

The Prince of Chosiu lost no time in making war on all foreign vessels. His territories lay at the extreme western end of Nippon, and formed the north shore of the narrow and tormous straits of Shimonoseki. This channel gave access to the Inland sea at the western extremity, and through it afi^orded the shortest route between Nagasaki or the ports of China to the east, and to Yokohama and ot western and central Japan to the west Chosiu had purchased and armed, strangely enough, three American ships â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the bark D A N I E L WEBSTER, the brig LANRICK, and the steamer LANCEFIELD and sent them to the straits to attack any foreign vessel that appeared. On the foits were several powerful batteries and among them five of the latest American guns (Dahlgrens) of nine-inch cahber which had been presented as gifts by the American government to Japan. The rebel leader loaded his guns, ran up the Rising Sun, the new national ensign of Japan, at the foremast of his three ships, and waited for his unsuspecting victims.

on the scene, and proceeded into the narrow c h a n n e l . At the Shimonoseki forts, the Inland Sea n a r r o w s down to a small three mile channel as narrow as a half mile at the closest point.

The tide between the Sea of Japan and the swelling Pacific rushes m a d l y through this passage making navigation past the rocky reefs and sandbars dangerous and tricky. The Chosiu leader, with typical Japanese treachery and preparation, set out range stakes in the middle of the stream to aid his gunners' aim.

The PEMBROKE

was fired on without warning as her bow came into range. She was h it repeatedly, shells t e a r i n g through her masts and hulling her sides. S e v e r a l Americans were killed, but the PEMBROKE'S

skipper bravely pressed forward, eluded the three armed ships, and raced into safe waters, a smnned and battered ship.

Thus the situation stood when the incident came to the attention of Captain D a v i d McDougal, U. S. N a v y , of the wooden cruiser WYOMING. Captain McDougal had been sent to Far Eastern waters to hunt for the famous Con-

federate raider ALABAMA, the ship which was raising holy hob with Union commerce.

A captain of less courage than McDougal might have faltered at the prospect of a fight. First of all, any naval officer who takes it upon himself to fire on a nation's flag without permission or previous authority is live bait for a court martial. But these were the days before the telephone or the telegraph, and naval captains on foreign stations could and did exercise greater initiative and authority. Secondly, the odds of battle were decidedly against Captain McDougal, for he not only had to fight a heavily armed fort, but three vessels as well. Thirdly, the battle must needs occur in narrow, dangerous, and restricted waters, which was a tremendous disadvantage in itself.

Fourthly, Captain, McDougal, being responsible for his ship and the lives of all Americans in Japan, had to consider what would happen if he lost his ship or the fight. In those days any white man caught by the Japs met unspeakable death in the "tormre cages" and any such vic{Continued on page 79) U. S. Marines as they loolced to J a p a n e s e artists on t h e occasion of A d m i r a l Perry's visit to J a p a n in 1853.

Psychology for the Fighting Man No. 8

Spying, Propaganda, and Victory not their independence. They did not subnlit.

In total war economic, military and psychological action are all used to bring Labaut submission in the enemy. Econ^ ) m i c action deprives the enemy of vital materials. Military action destroys his armies by killing, capmring or scattering the soldiers, smashing or capmring the guns, tanks, planes, trucks, and supplies.

But it is successful psychological action that in the end deprives the enemy of his will to resist and can spoil the individual soldier as a fighting machine by removing the one thing that makes him fight, the hope of success. The soldier without hope is like a tank without gas.

When you come right down to it, all defeat is a conquest of the mind. warfare—military and economic too—is "TNEATH can be inflicted upon the psychological warfare. Since willingness ' ^ bodies of the enemy, destmction to surrender is a state of mind, all these upon property, but defeat is a conquest different means are used to bring about a change of mind, to convert determinaof the mind.

Some military men think of war main- tion to resist into willingness to accept ly in terms of acmal military action— defeat. advancing or retreating troops, bombing raids over enemy territory, naval battles. 'T^HE chief tool of psychological warYet success in most military actions de- -'- fare—-the one that is most peculiarly pends ultimately upon psychological fac- psychological—is propaganda. It intors. Not only are the chances of success volves the strategy and tactics of changin an attack upon an enemy position ing opinion in a nation, in a group withgreatly increased when the enemy's sol- in a nation, or even in specific enemy diers suflFer from low morale; the final troops. The troops can be bombarded by victory means that the enemy soldiers loudspeakers in the front line or by leafare defeated because they have to give up, lets dropped by planes behind the front. and that the enemy nation is defeated beWith the strategy of psychological cause its people at last submit their wills warfare the average soldier has little to to the will of the conqueror. do directly, for it is in the hands of speThe Russian soldiers defending Stalin- cialized services. It goes on, whether he grad withstood fierce German assaults knows about it or not, softening up the from siege guns and systematic Smka enemy. And it may be one of the main bombing for three months and never sur- reasons why he finds enemy troops surrendered. The German army had already rendering so easily, or the people of an overcome with much less effort other occupied country so docile or even friendcities with military defenses just as good. lyBut at Stalingrad, all the bombings, the But any soldier may himself be the subartillery fire, the assaults failed because ject of propaganda. His best defense is they could not break the fighting spirit to know about propaganda, about what of the defenders nor induce them to sur- is going on, about how the total war is render. being won. If he is to be more than a cog And the Dutch lost their country but in the war machine, he wants to know 20

why the enemy reacts as he does. And American soldiers want to know why about such things.

If you have picked up a leaflet, scattered by the enemy behind your lines, you ought to be able to give it a critical once over, and to protect yourself by understanding just what it is the enemy is trying to do to you.

Since propaganda tries to change opinion, the people who plan propaganda have to know all about the opinions they are trying to change. You can't be intelligent about changing anything unless you know what it is you are trying to change.

If it's a whole nation or a part of a country that is to be propagandized, then the propaganda staff has got to find out about public opinion in the country in order to go ahead. If it's only an enemy division that is to be subject to attack, then the staff has to know a lot about that particular division. Are its soldiers getting fed up with the war? Are they beginning to give up hope? Do they know they are surrounded? Did Italian soldiers in Africa know what was happening to their divisions in Russia? Do Japs in the Aleutians get news of the Solomons?

So enemy opinion and morale have to be discovered first. Then propaganda can start working.

POLLING FOR O P I N I O N

If you want to know what people want, you can ask them. That is what an election is. The people are polled, and the results show who they want for President, or senator or mayor.

And if you want to know what people want, you can ask them that too. You could ask every person in the United States whether he believed that our main attack should be directed first at Germany or at Japan, whether he thought that the voting age should be lowered to eighteen like the draft age. You could, but you wouldn't find out about it that way because it would be too much trouble and expense.

SHIPMATE

"I NSTEAD you'd take a sample. If you -'- want to know the purity of water in a reservoir or the heating capacity of a carload of coal, you don't examine all the water or all the coal. You take a sample.

If you want to know how many men of every different height there are in the Army, you could wait until all the statistics are in and counted by machines, but you don't have to. You can take a sample.

But then you must be careful to get a fair sample—to choose men from different parts of the country, from cities and from the country, from well-to-do families who always have plenty of the right foods and from poor families who don't, and you choose the right numbers of men of each kind to make the sample fair. But, if you choose wisely, then the sample will tell you what you want to know.

If you want to know what the people of the United States are thinking about some problem coimected with the war during the first week in January, you can find that out too if you take a sample— a fair sample—and have skilled interviewers ask them carefully worded questions. That will tell you. The method works again and again. It can predict the results of elections—if the sample is fair —except when the opinion happens to be very evenly divided.

In the democratic countries these principles have been used in public opinion polls, which determine how people are "The chief tool of psychological ; . . . is propaganda."

OCTOBER, 1943

warfare

feeling about questions of social or political importance—and nowadays particularly about the conduct and the progress of the war. Interviewers are trained to ask questions without implying that one answer or another is preferable or popular.

You have to choose the fair sample carefully and intelligently. It must include both men and women, in about equal numbers. It must include rich and poor, so chosen that the different incomes in the sample have about the same frequencies as do income in the country at large. Religion is important only when the issue affects religion or the church.

Age is important when radicalism and conservatism are touched by the question, for old people are more conservative than young. Business occupation doesn't generaUy matter, unless the question is related to business or income. Such things as height, weight, and hair color can nearly always be neglected entirely-— unless you are trying to find out such a thing as how many people like fat men.

Then you'd have to interview thin people, medium people, and fat people, all three.

The results of such polls are analyzed and, in the democratic countries, published in the newspapers. They tell how the country is feeling.

The things thus found oi^t are important for the men in Washington to know.

Even in war the United States remains a democracy. The President, Congress, Keep your mind above (enemy) matter. and the armed forces all need to know what the country thinks about the war, U. S. Army has recently been polled in about the lend-lease arrangements, and order to find out what the new soldiers think about Army life, and also what solabout the taxes that buy the material. diers do with their after-duty hours. Sol/ ^ F course, the enemy knows all this diers have also been asked to say what ^ - ^ too—if it's in the newspapers. But they think makes a good leader, what inexperience shows that, in a democracy, it spires loyalty in them to a leader, what is better to let everyone know how every- hinders loyalty. They may not all be right one else feels, even though the enemy in their opinions, but it helps the leaders finds out too, than it is to hush the tmth to know what the soldiers are thinking up. The totalitarian countries don't be- about them and about leadership.

And you don't have to ask these queslieve that this statement is true, but then tions of all the soldiers. You take a they don't believe in democracy either. sample, from a variety of camps, and You don't have to have a very big certainly from various outfits which have sample if it is wisely selected. You can— different leaders. And then you know— believe it or not—predict an election pretty accurately. among 50,000,000 voters pretty well SPYING AND LISTENING from 10,000 careful interviews. That's Not aU polling is public. The Nazis, taking only one person in 5,000. As a matter of fact 3,000 interviews will give who must keep themselves informed a pretty good idea of how opinion is about public opinion in Germany, use running among the 130,000,000 inhabi- what is really a spy system. They cannot tants of the United States. ask direct questions because Germans The method of polling samples is not, are trained to reply to political and social however, limited only to these huge popu- questions in the "right" way, whatever lations. You can use it on much smaller their real opinions. But the Nazi party groups. For instance, a sample of the {Continued on page 82) 21

From Over There To Johnny Zero

By Lieutenant Warren S. Holmes, USNR T T has frequently been said during this -'â&#x20AC;˘ war that we have no war songs. This impression is undoubtedly due to two causes: the lack of unanimity of opinion as to what a war song is; and the tendency of radio programs to overplay a song and thereby shorten its life to a mere fraction of the span it would otherwise enjoy.

When people say that this war has produced no great song, they probably mean that no song like the last war's Over There has 'appeared. Over There was an extraordinarily happy combination of practically all the things that the words War Song bring to mind: rousing martial music that can be sung, marched to, even danced to, stirring words expressing love of country, and summarizing war aims. In fairness to present song writers, it should be borne in mind that the war simation at the time of the writing of Over There was fairly simple, and that to write a song that fits the current world complexities will be an achievement of considerably greater magnitude.

If we take a broader view of what a war song should be, we find no lack of the genre in current musical literature. In fact, we find a surprising profusion and variety. First of all, there are the songs of the separate servicesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the Marine Hymn, the Navy's Anchors Aweigh, the Song of the Army Air Corps. Perhaps Carlson's Raiders, celebrating the exploits of the Marines in the Solomons under Colonel Evans F. Carlson, belongs in this category. It is to be noted that there is no song belonging to the Navy fliers.

One is being sought, and on August 28th a song called the Sailors of the Skies was introduced on the radio.

Whether this is the longawaited song remains to be 22

seen.

Then there are the somewhat ambitious ones written specifically as patriotic war songs. Ballad for Americans and Lincoln Cantata, both by Earl Robinson, and / Spoke to Jefferson at Guadalcanal belong to this group. Related to them at a somewhat different level is God Bless America. On still another level could be put the boastful, ill-advised songs appearing early in the conflict: Slap the Jap, and Goodbye Mama, I'm Off to Yokahama.

In a third group belong songs inspired by battle action or training. This category includes such songs as This Is the Army, Mister Jones, Johnny Got a Zero, and Comin' In on a Wing and a Prayer. Probably the most famous and

The War In Music

certainly the most controversial of these is Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition. It will be remembered that the chaplain to whom the phrase was attributed denied that he had ever made the statement, while another chaplain laid claim to it. So serious were the implications that no time was lost in pointing out that the action of the chaplain, whoever he was, was in direct violation of the Geneva Convention and might bring reprisals of some sort from the Japanese.

Closely related to this group is another which concerns itself more with the soldier's thoughts of home. Here belongs Don't Sit Under the Apple Tree, Don't Get Around Much Any More, and Don't Do Nothin' Till You Hear Prom Me. The Africa campaign has produced its own songs. First, there is to be noted the adoption of Roll Out the Barrel as a sort of semi-official song of the armies in Africa, due to Eisenhower's fondness for it.

In one version, Rommel's name has been substimted for "barrel" and an unprintable parody results. Unpublishable also are two other African products: Dirty Gertie from Bizerte, and Venal Vera from Gaziera.

At least two agencies are working deliberately to encourage the production of good war songs. These are the National Contest Committee of the American Theatre Wing, for amateurs, and for professionals, the Music War Committee. One of the most successful songs to come from the latter group is This Is My Prayer.

The Music War Committee also supplies dn order songs required by the needs of special groups. For the War Bond drive they produced Bondwagon and Swinging the Quota. They have put forth Rosie the Riveter for (Continued on page 89)

SHIPMATE

Learning To Live While Training To Fight Lieut. Commander Ralph A. Sentman, '25 (Ret.)

' T ' H E Navy today is operating a vast -*- school system with "Little Red Schoolhouses" stretching from northern latimdes to the steamy jungles of Guadalcanal and other Southwest Pacific bases.

At these remote bases, and on board ships, men and boys in their off hours may be found learning languages, mathematics, or poring over technical correspondence courses under the supervision of trained officer-instruCTors.

The program had its beginning when the Chief of Personnel, with far-sighted vision, saw fit to assign especially trained officers to make a smdy early during 1942 of the possibihty of additional "inservice" training in certain outlying stations and bases.

The program received greater impetus several months later when the President, in giving his approval to the Congressional Act authorizing induaion into mUitary service of "teen-age" boys, said: "I am causing a smdy to be made by a committee of educators under the auspices of the War and Navy Departments, for the taking of steps to enable the young men whose education has been interrupted to resume their schooHng and to afford equal oppormnity for the training and education of other men of abUit}' OCTOBER,

1943

after their service in the armed forces has come to an end."

As a result of this survey, the Educational Services Section of the Training Division was established, as the Navy's answer to its huge educational responsibility. This educational task was not only to provide the technical and mechanical training essential to modern warfare, but also to help officers and men continue the educations or careers which had been interrupted in order to render patriotic service. Particularly was this true in the Reserve forces which so outnumbered the Regular Navy. When victory is won most of them wiU be anxious to pick up their former hves where they left off with as little lost motion as possible.

Others will be driven back to civilian life by the economic necessity of curtaUing the government's military activities.

An enlisted instructor conducting a course in current events at one of the Naval shore establishments.

her of factors, among which were: 1. Sufficient free time and the desire to use it for purposes of self improvement; 2. A desire to continue or complete school and college educations, interrupted by the necessity for mihtary service; 3. A desire to learn skills and obtain information on subjects corollary to the job being performed in the Navy; 4. A concern for the evenmal remrn to civilian Hfe. Contributing factors anterior to the demand for non-military instruction included: inabUity to get away from the base on leave (except by air or water which was virmally impossible except in an emergency), a shortage of female companionship, infrequent mail deUvery, a lack of news from the United States, limited local resources—especially those depending upon a grasp of foreign languages—and a serious shortage of war information about the progress of the war in other theaters of the globe.

'T*HREE outlying bases where the •*- need appeared greatest were selected for these surveys. Without disclosing confidential information, it may be reported that these smdies revealed a number of characteristics common to each of these bases. The primary finding was that, despite long working days and ex- ' T p H E compilation of these needs tensive military duties, there existed an •*- pointed to the immediate necessity enthusiastic demand among both officers for a vigorous and far-reaching program and men for off-duty instruction in non- of education. Experimental laboratories mihtary subjects. This was due to a num{Continued on page 87)

23

Miscellaneous Cargo J | / ^ I D E O N WELLES, as Secretary of ^ J the Navy from 1861 to 1869, was to all appearances the most modest and unassuming man who served in the cabinets of Lincoln and Johnson. His modesty, however, was a pose, a rationalization of his personal handicaps as a politician.

Backstage, behind the scenes where photographers, press agents, newsmen and would-be historians were denied admission, he was anything but unassuming. As its political chief he vigorously asserted the Navy's prerogatives. In Cabinet sessions, in his own private office, and often in the President's private rooms after midnighr, he fought the Navy's political battles with the State and War Departments. Against Seward and Stanton he barred no holds and puUed no punches.

Within the Navy Department he exercised a reformer's passion for unspectacular, prosaic, businesslike administration and conscientious handling of government expendimres in a period when these virmes were unpopular and almost nonexistent. He mled out many hoary naval customs and backed the new monitors and 15-inch guns. Everywhere in the Navy he stressed orderliness and system.

An intensely introspective man himself, he indulged an obsession for minutely analyzing the characters of others. In the selection of the right officers he got results.

Professor Richard F. West, Jr., of the Academy's Department of English, has just completed a highly interesting smdy of this forceful character in Gideon Welles, Lincoln's Navy Department (Bobbs-Merrill $3.50). The well-known diary of Gideon Welles has been for many a staple work of reference, but it covers only a small part of his life and not too much of that. Actually this is the first complete biography to appear.

Professor West became interested in Welles when he was writing The Second Admiral: A Life of David Dixon Porter.

On several occasions he found that Welles had reason to toss the Admiral out the back window. Neither the diary or anything else in print answered the question of why he didn't do it. This recent book is the result of several years' search for an answer to that question. This is a "must" volume for anyone interested in keeping up with Naval history.

24

"Saint George for England—and may we give the dragon's tail a damned good twist." This was the message exchanged on the eve of St. George's Day, 1918, between ships taking part in the great commando raid of the last war—Zeebrugge —conceived, planned, and personally commanded by Sir Roger Keyes. Sir Roger, now Lord Keyes, tells the story of that epic raid in Amphibious Warfare and Combined Operations (MacMillan, $1.50). For forty years Sir Roger has been an exponent of that type of fighting, and he has been an active proponent in the strategy he advocates.

Brief glimpses of Lincoln's cabinet quarrels, history of amphibious operations^ '^Mike" Moran's men, U-boat prisoner, war in the air, witch hunting, India, and fishing for fun

sor as Director of Combined Operations in Great Britain, there could be no one better fitted than Lord Keyes to write of "combined operations," past and present.

He has been a member of Parliament He took part in the international am- from Portsmouth since 1934 and Honphibious operation against the Taku orary Colonel Commandant of the forts in the China War of 1900. (Acmal- Portsmouth Division of the Royal Marines since 1932. * * * *

Pro£. Richard S. West, Jr., author of Gideon Welles: Lincoln's Navy Department.

ly he made a furious ride on a railway engine through a station manned by swarms of enemy troops.) In this book, chock full of interest from cover to cover, he tells of the Dardanelles campaign in the last war, among many contemporary operations, but he goes back in history to Wolfe's capmre of Quebec in 1759 and brings the account up to date with details of the commando raids of this war —including Lofoten, the Litani River, and Dieppe.

As Lord Louis Mountbatten's predeces-

In twenty-six minutes the Boise took on six enemy ships north of Guadalcanal —two of them heavier than herself—and all six are now at the bottom of the sea.

Now Pick Out The Biggest (Houghton Mifflin, $2.00) has become both a traditional fighting slogan and an inspiring little book. Frank Morris, '22, staff writer and former associate editor of Colliers, was the ideal choice as the writer of this naval epic, and it is apparent on reading the first few pages that his was an inspired bit of composition. Certainly "Pick out the biggest and commence firing" should go down in American naval tradition along with "Don't give up the ship" and "I haven't begun to fight."

Frank Morris has done a worthy job with the material that "Mike" Moran and his men provided for his typewriter. * # * * Archie Gibbs is a big, tough, ablebodied seaman, who was scooped up out of the water by a U-boat when his ship was torpedoed in the Caribbean. For four days he was a prisoner beneath the sea, cross-examined by the officers, fraternizing with the crew, watching like a hawk every detail of daily life in a Uboat. When he was finally spewed forth, like Jonah from the whale, he made his way back to the United States to find himself a one-day hero. He had his picmre taken with Mrs. Roosevelt. He spoke on the radio. Life magazine gave him a page. He had a medal pinned on him and talked at production rallies at war plants SHIPMATE

and, when his money run out, he went back to sea.

But in U-Boat Prisoner, which is subtitled The Life Story of a Texas Sailor (Houghton-Mifflin $2.00) we find a story that is absorbing from beginning to end. Principally not because Gibbs was a one-day hero with a good story but because he is typical of every day heroes who damn the torpedoes and deliver the goods. * * « « Malta Story by W. L. River (Dutton $2.50) is a story of the fighter pilots who set their planes down on the tiny embattled island of Malta in the summer of 1941, and of whom only a few are ahve today.

In this book Mr. River has caught all the horror and heartbreak, the love and laughter of those epic days when a galland handful of men held death and defeat at bay imtil we could rally our forces and sweep forward to victory. An excellent book, weU written. « * » * Still another story of the air is Captain Thomas Moore, Jr.'s The Sky Is My Witness (Putnam, $2.00). A record of the impact of war on a young American Marine dive bomber, who through the heU of Midway and the Solomons found faith in his country and himself. It is a good story of air fighting well and sincerely told.

Maintaining that the high German morale plus the fear of the immediate consequences of defeat rule out the possi-

Frank D. Morris, '22, author of Pick Out the Biggest.

Admiral of the Fleet Lord (Sir Roger) Keyes, Director of Combined Operations, July 17, 1940-October 19, 1941, author of Combined Operations.

bility of a German revolution, an opinion widely held by those in authority in Washington and London, Curt Riess has written a very convincing book to support his theory. In The Invasion of Germany (Putnam $2.50) he gives logical reasons for his belief that Hitler, like a cornered gangster, will fight to the last.

Very fuUy too, he points out that in any case we must not make the mistakes of 1918 and be content with the peaceful occupation of a morally diseased nation.

Contrary to the popular belief of many, Mr. Riess holds that Germany can not be bombed out of existence, although he gives full consideration to the tremendous task that must be carried out by the Allied Air Forces. He explains the geography of Germany—the mountains, the rivers, the defense lines and the positions of important fortifications. In addition the volume is fully illustrated with maps of the various invasion points in, Europe and in Germany itself. * * * * Too few Americans have any idea of the Mexican viewpoint in hemispherical problems. Ezequiel Padilla, Mexican Secretary of Foreign Affairs, has performed a good service to American readers in Free Men of America (The Role of the New World in the Coming Era) (Ziff-Davis, $2.50).

OCTOBER,

1943

In his first book to be published in English, Dr. Padilla in detail outlines the story of the Americas' past and makes several forecasts for their fumre. He draws a striking comparison between the United States' abolition of slavery and the struggles of the Latin Americas to throw off the yoke imposed by the Spanish conquerors.

In his analysis of economics of the present Americas he points out the vast oppormnity for true hemispheric democracy by proper planning of production to put factories at the sources of raw materials, by controlling prices, and by giving the working man a greater share of the remrn of labor. This book is highly recommended to Navy personnel. #

*

*

*

The immediate solution of the crisis in India has become one of the pivotal questions of the war. Dr. R. Palme Dutt, editor of the British Labor Monthly since its foundation in 1921, discusses this question in The Problem of India (International Publishers, $2.00).

A rapid summary is given in the background of the Indian question: the wealth and poverty of India, its industrial and agrarian development, and the record and outcome of British mle. He also gives one an insight into how India is governed today.

25

They Die-To Fight Again

To my Shipmates USS

LEXINGTON^

We blind our salt eyes to the death of you.

Oh, valiant ship! Oh, valiant crew!

But death in battle so valorously won— A righteous fate, Great Lexington!

Instead—cormorants from the sun, Winging steel death for ship and man to shun.

Suicidal dives and bombs that glide, Myrmidon fish whose dorsal fins were spied.

A moment before wet eyes closed.

We saw your burning silhouette imposed 'Gainst horizon and sad sea— Flaming Phoenix-like to your eternity.

Porpoising in tropic sun; Tailing a foamed-wake their planes had run.

Yet met they were by brave, dogged tars.

Unflinching under stripes and stars—

Yet we are on decks still red With blood from living and your sons to be dead.

And we, who left by Captain's command, Pray for shipmates—their stations still manned!

To hurl death back at red-bound skulls; To smash their birds as broken-winged gulls Veer crazily off to meet the sea— Blazing arrows of iniquity!

Lost. To win! So death must pay The living to fight another day.

For sacred smoke from your pyre— Symbol of vengeance and avenging desire.

Death strikes not race, color or creed— All men alike are dying in your need.

While roaring guns are still speaking.

The scent of flesh against flame is reeking.

This bloody crossroad 'neath the Southern Cross Marks epoch sea war by your loss, But, before, American ships and men Have died. Have lived—to fight again!

And permeates the heat-bitten air.

As men their souls and bodies laid bare.

Fight as true Minutemen would— When on Lexington Green their forefathers stood.

Once iron men in wooden ships Bared full sail with God and country on their lips.

And dexterity in helm and sail Lay the enemy 'longside their rail.

Patriot's ground. Hallowed then with red Blood from living, and sons to be dead Forevpr,—blood, sweat and tears will fall, when Men go forth to die—to fight again!

Rigging tangled; yards galled.

Brave tars boarded and closed: picked, sabred, tomahawked—failed!

But no grape, canister shot today.

Or cannon balls close aboard to flay,

EDWARD W I L L I A M LAMB, S

1/c

United States Navy Formerly USS LEXINGTON

* This is written for shipmates of the U.S.S. LEXINGTON. To those who gave their lives in defense of ship and country; to those who have subsequently been killed in action in this war. Also to the great ship, herself, and her valiant Captain—who fought and led so strongly to save ship and men. Ship and Captain—brave shipmates now in Fiddler's Green—will live forever in the hearts of all LEXINGTON men.)

26

SHIPMATE

J^lciAMf AUdetioi And Now Comes Football A

husky squad of football players that should make a fairly strong first string, but runs short in experienced reserves is ready for the opening game of the Naval Academy's 1943 football season.

Capt. J. E. Whelchel, USN, head coach and direaor of athletics has an "A" squad of 45 men and has run his teams through scrimmages with the Washington Redskins and the Bainbridge Naval Training Station elevens. Against the Redskins, the middies got training in dealing with forward passes hurled by the master, Shnging Sam Baugh, experienced some tough Hne play and watched expert ends in action.

After some pubhc discussion over the Army-Navy game. Assistant Secretary of War John J. McCloy declared that the game would be played "but there is no decision yet as to where it will be played".

The game is scheduled for West Point on November 27 and will be played there unless ordered shifted.

The Navy's "A" Squad includes 13 players who won their major letters in football competition last fall. Included are five backs, Harold Hamberg, Hillis D. Hume, Benjamin S. Martin, Grady R. Gay, and Joseph J. Sullivan; three tackles, John T. Gillooly, Walter W. Schwartz, and Edward M. Elliott; two guards, Benjamin S. Chase and George C. Brown, Jr. and three ends, Vincent J. Anania, Albert B. Channell, captain of the team, and Roe H. Johnston.

Hume and Sullivan are line punchers and Hume can punt well. Hamberg is a triple threat and made himself felt in many games last fall.

From this group of veterans and other players who remained on the "A" squad from last year and who came up from the "B" squad and out of the Plebe class, the Navy coaches must build a team that will face a nine-game schedule. They wUl meet North Carolina Navy PreFlight, Sept. 25; Cornell, Oct. 2; Duke, O a . 9; Penn State, Oct. 16; Georgia Tech, Oct. 23; Notre Dame, Oct 30; Pennsylvania, Nov. 6; Columbia, Nov. 13 and Army, Nov. 27.

OCTOBER,

1943

The North Carolina Pre-Flight and Penn State games were played at the Naval Academy, the Cornell, Duke and Georgia Tech games in Baltimore; Notre Dame in Cleveland; Pennsylvania in Philadelphia; Columbia in New York, while Army is scheduled for West Point.

Captain Whelchel has as his assistants with the varsity; Lieut. Comdr. E. E. (Rip) MiUer, USNR., line cofch; Raymond Swartz and Lieut. Comdr., Thomas C. Scaffe, USN (ret.) assistant line coaches and Keith Molesworth, backfield coach.

Frank Foster is head coach of the junior varsity. His aides are Lieut. Comdr.

Paul L. Woerner, USNR., line coach; Lieut. Richard E. Foster, USN., assistant line coach and Lieut. Comdr. Newell E. Thomas, USN., backfield coach.

The Navy Plebes are in charge of John Wilson, head coach. Lieut. Comdr.

Emerson F. Bachhuber, (DC) USN, is line coach, with Major Elby D. Martin, Jr., USMC; Lieut. Comdr. Archie H. Soucek, USN, and Ensign Madison K. Moorman, USNR, assistant line coaches and Lieut. Comdr. Walter H. Baumberger, USN, as backfield coach.

The Navy varsity has been tentatively lining up with Ben Martin, 187 pounds, a former Princeton player in the No. 1 backfield spot; W. Stewart Nelsoti, 173 pounds, No. 2; Sullivan, 180 pounds. No. 3 and Hamberg in the No. 4 spot.

The tentative line is made up of Channell, 180 pounds and Johnston, 187 pounds ends; EUiott, 188 pounds and Gillooly, 188 pounds at tackle; Brown, 193 pounds and Chase, 198 pounds at guard and Jack Martin, 205 pounds, center. With the exception of Jack Martin and Nelson all these players are veteran lettermen from last season, and the line itself is stalwart.

Others who are getting into the tentative lineup are Gay, 178, in the No. 1 slot, Hume, 178, No. 3; WiUiam Crawley, 168, No. 4 and Thomas J. Dwyer, 180 in the No. 2 post.

Line prospects include. Baker at center; Rudolph J. Radick, 190 and

Howard B. Shofner, 188, guards; Gail E. Gilliam, 198 and Howard B. Stofner, 188, tackles; Albert S. Giorgis, 170 and William W. Strong, 192, ends.

The permitting of Navy V-5 and V12 trainees to play in varsity sports at colleges where they are smdents will give the Navy team some tough spots.

Duke, for instance is reported to have the services of three flashy ex-Georgia University flashes, while Notre Dame got recruits from Minnesota.

Bert Stiff, who played against the midshipmen as a fuUback at Pennsylvania, is with the Columbia team. The Penn team also includes Mike Sotak, formerly of Pittsburgh; Ed Mikula, exWiUiam and Mary guard; Les Zatty, one time end at Muhlenberg, Francis Kane, late of Temple and George Veiling, former ViUa Nova fuUback.

Cornell, Penn State and Georgia Tech are also understood to be weU heeled with talent.

CREW RACE

Jumping into the lead soon after the racing start, the varsity crew of the Naval Academy on September 4 fought off a challenge from the Columbia varsity midway of the Severn river Henley course and won its first faU race by three-quarters of a length.

It was the first time Navy crews have raced so late in the season and both Columbia and Navy had some green men in the boats. The Navy crew had been put together sincejuly 15, while coach Hubert Glendon of Columbia said he had three green oarsmen in his sheU. CorneU was originaUy scheduled to take part in the race but dropped out, so Coach Glendon, who acted as starter, sent the Navy and Columbia varsities and the Navy Plebe crew away for a good start in smooth water.

The Plebes were never in the race with the varsities. They began dropping behind soon after the start and were trailing the varsities by about threequarters of a length of open water with a mile left to go. They continued to fall back and a half-mile from the finish got (Continued on page 91) 27

J

UST before remrning from leave, Lee Shores managed to spend a week with the class of 1944 in Florida. I had my schedule arranged so that I was able to be there during the last week of their aviation indoctrinational training, and I left feeling thoroughly convinced that the course is weU worthwhile. The purpose of the course given to this year's graduates by the Naval Air Operational Training Command was to provide the new ensigns with a general knowledge of aviation and aircraft so that they would have a broader comprehension of Naval Aviation. They gained a wider knowledge of the naval use of aircraft through

acmal experience by having flights in aU types of planes. A thorough course of the problems in recognition was given, and from my point of view, it was one of the most interesting, difficulr, and necessary parts of the training. They also received practical instructions and employment of short range anti-aircraft weapons to defend against attacks by enemy aircrafr.

The seven hundred and fifty-four newly commissioned officers were divided into fourteen companies which were split up and stationed at the many naval air stations in Florida, some of which are located at Jacksonville, Sanford, Fort Lauderdale, Green Cove Springs, Daytona Beach, Lake City, YeUow Water, and Melbourne. The time spent at each station depended upon the importance of the training offered and facilities available. Commander E. L. B. Weiner, U. S. N., of the Naval Academy, who was in charge of the officers, supervised the rotation of the companies among the 28

above stations so that each group received training in each type of plane used by our Navy.

When the officer smdents were not out on regularly scheduled flights they attended recognition classes, lecmres, movies, and link trainer driUs. The flights included dive bombing runs, torpedo bombing runs, high and low altimde bombing practice, and glide bombing practice, as weU as formation flying and patrol trips.

Except for those officers scheduled to attend night flying, and those on duty, the smdent officers were granted shore leave from 1700 to 0700 each day. Many parties, dances, and receptions were held by numerous organizations to welcome the new officers to Florida. They realized that they would not be given much shore liberty after reporting aboard their ships, and they took full advantage of the liberty.

Your faithful author can assure you that the mission of the training given to the Class of 1944 was a success, and that this training will undoubtedly be of a permanent namre for Naval Academy graduates. They set an exceUent example for the reserves, and they were complimented for their gentlemanly and officerlike qualities. We, of the class of 1945, shall have to work hard to maintain the high record that has been set by the Class of 1944, but we are sure that we can do it. Anyway, the Class of 1945 really has something to look forward to.

The faU term is just getting underway and the entire regiment has completed cruise, summer academics, and leave. Of course, the men who have just remrned from leave had those usual mistreated, long faces for a day or two. It is only about ninety-nine days until Christmas leave, but for some reason that did not console them very much. The faU term does seem to go rather fast though, because we have enough football games and hops to entertain us on the weekends. Then, academics may have us rather busy and occasionally we may receive a little undo publicity on the

"trees", weekly deficiency sheets.

The new set of stripers for the fall term have not been selected at the time of this writing, and the third set of summer stripers are in charge of the regiment. The Regimental Commander is G. C. Brown, Jr., with G. B. Crawley acting as Sub-Commander. The Battalion Commanders are, J. F. Riley, first battalion, S. G. Gorsline, second battalion; R. E. Jortberg, third battalion; A. J. Staubitz, fourth battalion.

The footbaU team is getting quite a workout this faU by Coach John E. (Billick) Welchel with Midshipman A. B. ChanneU acting as captain. There are not a large group of last year's footbaU lettermen, but there is some strenuous competition for the "A" squad. M. T. Johnson, John Pearce, and Bmce Smith do a very neat job of baU-carrying. Also doing a fine job in the backfield are such men as Hal Hamberg, Ben Martin, and Joe SuUivan. Doing nice work in line plays are Gail GiUiam, tackle. Jack Martin, center, George Brown, guard, and Ed EUiott, tackle. The first game is with North Carolina Navy Pre-Flight instead of the customary game with WiUiam and Mary. If any one should wonder about the Army-Navy game this year,it wiU be played at West Point. The latest scuttlebutt claims that it wiU be at Yankee Stadium. The Army and Navy teams are the strongest in the East this year, but I StiU maintain that I shaU win my bet with that "Kaydet".

A new class of reserves entered the Academy a few weeks ago as soon as the other class graduated. They had a rather strange and bewildered look, and I imagine that the "plebes" saw a reflection of how they looked when they arrived.

While I was on leave I had numerous people ask me if all of the first classmen had their class rings yet. As you remember, we did have trouble in getting our rings, and some men were obliged to go aU summer without them. However, all of the class rings and miniamres have been delivered.

Taps has blown and that is my cue to secure. Smooth sailing until next month.

SHIPMATE

P^v*'

HYDRAUIIC

GOVERNORS

METAL P R O D U C T S CO. CLEVELAND,

OHIO

We Waiting Wives —Sketching the Blueprint— Very few of us went through school without being exposed to art courses, and with some of us, (not me) it developed into a permanent hobby. Some girls uncovered real talent and have progressed to the status of artists, but whether dabbler or included in gallery shows, women are needed for a wartime job that sounds fascinating.

The exact title is Industrial Visualizer, and the work consists of drawings that put blueprints into three dimensions.

Blueprints have always been made for the actual machine work, with a sketch of the finished product, but a Visualizer starts after the conference table disbands and by means of small scale drawings shows the step by step appearance and use of every small part of an industrial product, to the final stage of the manual that accompanies the finished article.

Tests made in factories that have begun the use of these smaU perfect sketches show that in operations that normaUy took five hours to complete from blueprints only, the time can be and has been cut to two hours. Among the schools and colleges that are helping train the Visualizers are University of Southern California, Los Angeles Art College, and The New York Grand Central Art School. Diletantes and professionals are taking the training offered, with the most skilled and talented able to skip the preliminary part of the course. Demand so far exceeds the supply of Visualizers at present that salaries are unusual, and the work promises to become a permanent part of industry after the War.

—Meeting in Africa—

country families have waited and hoped that among those returning would be relatives and friends caught in the Orient and Philippines by the war, but many must still be disappointed as the sailing list of 1,500 had to include nationals of all countries at war with Japan.

The outgoing Gripsholm, however, .carried $1,565,000 of food, medicines, and parcels for those who must wait for the next or the next ship, and because the sailing of the Gripsholm was moved forward three weeks, volunteers worked night and day to get the shipments ready.

The radio chains broadcast nationwide that packages and letters must reach New York before the end of last August, and by establishing central shipping centers aU over the nation, and having the things sent by air on to New York, the deadline was met.

Only the Red Cross and individuals could send next of kin parcels on the exchange ship, according to the rules and the Red Cross furnished parcels for aU those internees who have no next of kin in this country, so no prisoner will be left out when the shipment arrives.

According to the monthly news letter of Relief to Americans in the Philippines, which worked overtime to assist with notifying relatives of the advanced sailing, the food packages weigh about 13 pounds each, and sufficient were sent to assure every American in the Orient plenty of food and medicine and vitamin capsules. 25,000 pairs of shoes in assorted sizes were included in the clothing sent, and in addition to the clothing stocked on the Gripsholm for those returning, the Government will distribute $100.00 to each passenger for expenses on the trip home from Africa, to the United States.

It is probable that the Gripsholm When this page appears in print two will arrive back in this country in good ships wiU have met in the Portugese time for the holidays, and those who are Indies, the Gripsholm and the Japanese fortunate enough to re-enter this counTela Maru, to effect exchange of Amertry will bring first hand news of those ican and other nationals and Japanese who had to remain, which wiU ease the being sent back to their islands. Many burden a little for friends and relatives. weary months have gone by since the first negotiations started for a second ex—Bonds— change of prisoners, and only after the Tela Maru left Shanghai did the JapI am going to say very little about anese publish by way of the Red Cross bonds, although as I write this the third their list of our internees and prisoners war loan drive is in fuU swing. The litthey had allowed to sail. All over this tle I have to say, however, concerns a

.30

postcard received by the wife of a major, who is a prisoner of war in an enemy country. The postcard's concluding sentence read, "Defense Bonds are the best investment." The enemy censor must be a bright man.

—For Want of a Uniform— Among the duties of most wives are those of putting the dress uniforms away from the moths for the duration, and keeping family treasures and irreplaceables safe. Because we usuaUy know what is in -the cedar chest, I thought it would be interesting to publicize in this page a request that has been made by the Presidenr of the Naval War College. It seems that the library wing of the war coUege is to have an oil painting of the officer for whom it is named. Admiral Mahan and work had been started on the portrait when it was found that it could not be completed for lack of a suitable uniform for the model.

A dress uniform conforming to the Naval Regulations of 1906 is needed, together with epaulets, fuU dress belt, cocked hat and sword knot. Admiral Mahan was a little better than six feet in height and spare, and exact size is not as important as that it becomes a man of this general build.

Perhaps among our wives is one whose father or some relative held the rank of Admiral around 1906, or who could cull from the moth flakes some of the needed items. Probably not aU the items wiU be found in any one trunk, but if anyone can furnish a piece or two, a letter to the Secretary, Naval War College, Newport, R. I., will be appreciated.

Fighting Artists {Continued from page 14) men is providing a vivid picmre of the Navy at war, and, in addition to the many photographs being made, wiU provide a valuable histoirical record of the great struggle in which we are now engaged.

The administration of this project is carried out by Lieutenant Robert L. Parsons, USNR, whose experience before the war as Assistant Director of the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, weU qualifies him for this work. Under Commander E. John Long, USNR, Officer-inCharge of the Pictorial Section, Office of Public Relations, Lieutenant Parsons plans the assignments of artists in the various theatres and handles the catalogu- ing and clearance of their work for publication.

SHIPMATE

SIGNAL

>ARACHU PATENTS APfi

MARiC

Minimum Altitude 700 feet Fired from Standard 1.5 calibre pistol.

A-P PISTOL ROCKETS MERRICK, L. I., NEW YORK

OCTOBER, 1943

31

The Searchlight The Searchlight volunteers staff's expectation of a slackening in the mail was short lived, and the amount of daily letters and requests for addresses is steadily increasing. The files, however, have had a thorough going over, and we believe are quite up to date. As fast as we can obtain word of address changes, and our readers have been very helpful lately, we correct our cards.

With the expectation, however, that the demand for addresses for Christmas cards will far exceed last year's when our wanted list seemed miles long, we are reminding you early that the sooner your requests are in our office, the sooner the addresses wiU be sent you. Postage for requests should be according to the number of names on your list, so that if we cannot furnish aU the "addresses we can send them as fast as we can get them.

In this issue of SHIPMATE we would like to thank aU the officers who have taken an interest in the Searchlight service and who have forwarded their wives' address as soon as possible. Our V-mail volume from Africa and the South Pacific no longer surprises us, but we do appreciate the help and of course, we would like to have on.file the address of every wife whose husband may chance to read this page.

The wanted list includes:

Davis, Mrs. George Flemming, wife of Lt. Comdr., '34 Dingwell, Mrs. John E., wife of Capt., USN Doerflinger, Mrs. Carl, wife of Lt., USN, '37 Eddiegorde, Mrs. Edwin, wife of Comdr., (SO Ellis, Mrs. Hayne, wife of R. Adm., USN Fahy, Mrs. John H., wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '32 Forster, Mrs. Frestus F., wife of Capt., USN, •18 Galbraith, Mrs. Wm. H., wife of Capt., '20 Geiselman, Mrs. Ellis H., wife of Capt.

Greenameyer, Mrs. L. K., wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '29 Greenlee, Mrs. David C, jr., wife of Comdr., '25 Hayes, Mrs. Vernon, wife of Lt., USN, '38 Heberton, Mrs. Charles, wife of Comdr., ^25 Hooper, Mrs. Rosa, mother of Lt. Comdr., Seldon G., USN, '27 Hughes, Mrs. James, wife of Lt., SC, USNR Ihrig, Mrs. Russel M., wife of Capt., ^19 Johnson, Mrs. Lewis W., wife of Capt. (MC) Kauffman, Mrs. Frederick, wife of Capt., '20 Kilroy, Mrs. John P., wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '35 King, Mrs. Billy W., wife of Lt. Col., '31, USMC Laughlin, Mrs. Wm., wife of Lt., '38 Mason, Mrs. L. Y., wife of Capt., '20 Meyers, Mrs. Richard, wife of Lt. Comdr., '36 McCall, Mrs. Roger F., wife of Capt., USN McGoughran, Mrs. J. C , wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '33 Miller, Mrs. Wm. L., wife of Lt. (jg), USNR Moore, Mrs. Louis R., wife of Capt., '15 Morgan, Mrs. Chas., wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '33 Morrison, Mrs. C. H., wife of Capt., '09 Moureau, Mrs. Reinhard C, wife of Comdr., Abernathy, Mrs. Alton Coy, wife of Comdr.

'20 (MC) Muir, Mrs. F. W., wife of Lt. (SC), USN, Austin, Mrs. M. H., wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '38 '35 Negri, Mrs. Peter, wife of Maj., USMC Braine, Mrs. Clinton E., wife of Capt., '16 Norvell, Mrs. Wm., wife of Lt. Comdr., Brown, Mrs. Chas. R., wife of Capt., USN, USN, '31 '21 Poe, Mrs. Baylis F., wife of Comdr., USN, '12 Bryan, Mrs. Ferguson, wife of Lt. Comdr., Phelan, Mrs. Geo. R., wife of Comdr., USN, Bryans, Chas E., parent, 2nd Lr., USMC •25 USN-Ret., '20 Pratt, Mrs. Richard, wife of Comdr., USN, '23 Bullen, Mrs. Jacob, wife of Lt. Comdr., '34 Ranier, Mrs. Gordon B., wife of Lt. Comdr., Busey, Mrs. Francis L., wife of Comdr., USN, '26 USN, '26 Richards, Mrs. G. L, wife of Comdr., USNR Camera, Mrs. Robert S., wife of Lt. Comdr., Roberts, Mrs. M. C, wife of Comdr., USN USN, '33 (SC) Cater, Mrs. Chas. J., wife of Comdr., USN, Rodgers, Mrs. Thos. W., wife of Lt. Comdr., •22 USN, '31 Cutts, Mrs. Elwin F., wife of Capt., USN Daniels, Mrs. John C , wife of Comdr., USN, Rowe, Mrs. Gordon, wife of Capt., USN, '18 Ruddock, Mrs. Theodore D., wife of R. '24 Adm., USN Daniels, Mrs. John C, wife of Comdr., '24 Davis, Mrs. Geo. Flemming, wife of Lt. Satterlee, Mrs. R., wife of Comdr., USN (MC) Comdr., USN

32

Solier, Mrs. Robert H., wife of Lt., USNR Smith, Mrs. A. L., wife of Lt., MC, USN Strothers, Mrs. Wm. J., wife of Comdr., USN-Ret., '20 Walsh, Mrs. Wm. E., wife of Comdr., USN (MC) Wendt, Mrs. Wm., wife of Capt., USMC, '35 Wheeler, Mrs. C. Julian, wife of Capt., USN, '16 Wise, Mrs. Lamar Monroe, wife of Comdr., USN, '21 Young, Mrs. Harold G., wife of Comdr., (MC), USN Zimny, Mrs. Stanley Michael, wife of Lt. Comdr., USN, '37

"I Do"—Sea-Going Style An Edinburg lawyer unearthed the foUowing contract from an old deed box recently, outlining the duties of wife to husband, and those of husband to wife, as drawn up years previously by a seafaring man who wanted his marriage to be all shipshape and Bristol fashion: "Having also read to her the Article of War. I explained to her the conditions under which we were to sail in company on life's voyage, namely: "1. She is to obey signals without questions when received.

"2. She to steer by my reckoning.

"3. She to stand by me as a true consort in foul weather, battle, or shipwreck.

"4. She to run under my guns if assailed by picaroons, privateers, or garda costas.

"5. Me to keep her in due repair, and see that she hath her allowance of coats of paint, streamers, and buntings, as befits a saucy pleasure boat.

"6. Me to take no other craft in tow, and if any be now attached, to cut their hawsers.

"7. Me to revictual her day by day.

"8. Should she chance to be blown on her beam ends by wind of misfortune, me to stand by her and see her righted.

"9. To lay our course for the Great Harbour in the hope that moorings and ground to swing may be found for two British-built craft when laid up for eternity."

SHIPMATE

SBCcess: Chinese 700-mile cruise in stranipe^wafe! thing of a task in and of itself. T h e job^ ^es magnitude when the only t^ols-at ind a compass. W h e n your crew c o ! T T m P ^ ^ ^ M ^ H B H M i k . £ h p speak English—and not ling! spoken on Main Street or Rotten Row—-T ?Quld seem that the job was well nigh imPQsS^r—-_^^ A33Tg--thes£jiffietillii!iiKXhe.jact that to

the stoteboat^ i i e ' of-fhem-spoke Hoiig TCori: two oKftemtr^Epke Pidgin-Engiigfei. jmefer at^-aaijticai a l ^ S^tant-aittc •San compasS' Cristohaf^Q^paT ~ "And theJsaS

y o u r c r e w a n y rnTTfojv-wffhin i.c. 7rgp^T^.<i-Qf

pmrt^iriilpr

being exact is hitting it otT^^'tfAgftsamall,. vvorst that is pretty fair i iiiitrii y iiihi); iliiij gree§~Tjf-wte Utge,. suJt^__tKefn Such a job of navigation i imiliijil^ imliu Cm* " '^•jjjj^'^x'''^'' ^ Ewoldt (Lieutenant Commander H e and and the L e o n a t d - , ^ ^ / 3 7 ) is now teaching fledgling crew amidships. EST? flyers^t J ^ f e K m U e m ^ g ^ ^ l ^ B d ; ^ ^ f e f e ^ . ^ b r e e z e with the engine going, a h a t r t m the s W H i p ^ ^ M r w a t e i ^ ' s ' ^ . ^ ' 6 m ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ t e | e t e bplavf-d ' ^ " ^ f t ' y one mamoae s ^ ^ M i ^ B I H ^ ^ H H M u n t m i t n oT s i f $ ^ ^ ^A_lat-ef things have happetted_ia_Sfifke the ^oiShis war, including sinking his share of two w r seven d a.j J a p ships, and'lvinning a N a j g ^ ^ s o s s ^ ^ ., ^ his rescue is considered a masterpfece of Koro, Santa Q n ^ ^ l a n d , w h e r g navigation, and it shows that modern wart a i n e C ^ p a i r s ' art^^^^r^^gjons. "^ fare has its lighter moments—in retrospect l a ^ ^ t ^ g f t i r e d crew at least.

-^-iJerE" Spik Spike was a member of the Yorktown and reachefPffeaxl H a r b n r Torpedo Air Group, serving as CommuniCruising ^aftrnd i n ' l h ^ o u t h P a c t cations Officer of T o r p e d o Five, during a 43-foot boaT m a y he««iTre q u i ^ S ^ i { ) u l ; raids on Tulagi. W i t h his radioman, Alois pastime after the -war, but Spike TiSS Machalinski, Spike was forced down near enou

OCTOBER, 1943

*r*^*^ r . . - * ^ ' ^ ' ^

1893

^^^^^ ^- BERRY, '93, re-

ports his address—I6IO Ben Lomond Drive, Glendale, 2, California.

What's the Dope 1880

WILLIAM

FREDERICK

WOV DURAND, '80, reports that he has left California and should be addressed 2800 Woodley Road, N. W., Washington ( 8 ) , D. C.

1883

J°™^ ^- ELLICOTT, '83,

(Capt., USN-Ret.), from Quarters 177, Mare Island, California, sends this along: "It is inspiring to have old shipmates like Mark St. Clair EUis express appreciation of my reminiscences as he did in a recent issue. Incidentally he brings to mind a difficult and strenuous task which he accomplished when under my command as first lieuterant of the Armored Cruiser MARYLAND. "In the summer of 1913 the Navy Department had gotten out under the efficient management of Assistant Surgeon Downey about 350 tons of coal from the Alaska Behring River deposit, and directed the MARYLAND, then making reconnaissance of other reported Alaska coal deposits, to try out the Behring River coal as soon as she had room for ir in her bunkers.

"The Behring River empties into ControUer Bay, a wide expanse of shallow water over mud flats with a deep, narrow gut through it called Okalee Channel. The locality was little known and seldom visited, being either storm bound or fog bound almost throughout the year. Early in June we penetrated the fog curtain and anchored oflF the Bay, sending our navigator, the present Admiral Pope, to find and buoy Okalee Channel.

"As soon as we arrived Surgeon Downey came on board with a tale of woe. He had the coal sacked on the bank of the river near the mine but couldn't get it down to tidewater. The river spreads, about half way down, into a broad area of interlacing rivulets only a few inches deep for a distance of five miles. Two stern wheel motor lighters had been sent from Bremerton but they drew too much water and were utterly useless.

"Next day I visited the shoals with a 34

1894 HIRAM MANN, '94, from ' " ' ^ 77 WaU Street, New York City, contributed the foUowing: "SHIRKS" Some guys, who merely mean to shirk Do endless work avoiding work party of advisers including EUis, and And never kick at paltry pay. various plans were discussed and given Well—La2y guys are built that way. up. The simation looked quite hopeless. * * * A day later, however, EUis, with the "CONTENTMENT" senior engineer officer and a party of Contentment is a prize defying artificers, went all the way up to the coal Those intent on stealing, lying, pile and when the former remrned he Yet often it faUs right in the lap said in efi^ect: Of many a simple, kindly Chap.

From Broadway Baloney Ballads.

"Give me a working party of one hundred men including every artificer you can spare outfitted with tools, camp 1895 THOMAS M. DICK, '95, (Lt. Comdr., USN-Ret.), equipage and rations for six weeks.

Then leave me here while you go on may be reached at the Casa Marina Hotel, with your reconnaissance and when you Key West, Florida. remrn I'll have the coal down the river.

ALBION JAMES WADHAMS, '95, "After nearly six weeks' cruising in vice president and manager of the dewestern Alaska waters I remrned to Con- velopment and research division of the troller Bay and anchored the ship at the International Nickel Company, 67 WaU head of Okalee Channel. Soon a motor Street, New York City, died August 21 launch appeared and there came into my at his summer home in Elizabethtown, cabin a strange looking man in lumber- New York. jack clothing with a mahogany comBorn at Annapolis, Md. April 21, plexion, long hair and full beard with 1875, son of the late Rear Admiral little mfts of gray at the corners of his (USN) Albion V. and the late Caroline mouth. With difficulty I recognized him (Henderson) Wadhams, he was graduas Mark St. Clair Ellis. ated from the United States Naval "His story was epic. They had found Academy in 1895. Mr. Wadhams served an abandoned saw mill at the mouth of as an Ensign and later as a Lieutenant the river, put it in working order, cur (jg) in the United States Navy until down forest trees and sawed them into 1901. He saw continuous sea service in planks and built a flotilla of small, flat the North and South Atlantic and West bottomed boats which they called mud Indies for six years, including the Spanhens, each of which could carry about ish-American War during which he was a ton of coal. These at first had to be attached to the USS MAYFLOWER. Durdragged by united man power over the ing Service in the United States Navy he shoals but finally gouged a channel which received the Spanish War Medal and the would float them freely. About half the Sampson Medal. coal was already down and the remainder He had been with The International coming abour sixteen tons a day.

Nickel Company and its predecessor "I left Ellis, replenished, to finish the Companies since 1901. Mr. Wadhams task and resumed cruising but was de- joined the Orford Copper Company at tached from command of the MARYLAND Bayonne, N. J. on March 1st of that year. before she remrned to take on the coal He was transferred from there in 1904 and do not know whether he ever got to the American Nickel Works at Carden, N. J. acting as Superintendent undue credit for this work or not." tU 1912. From 1912-1918 he was AsGEORGE WASHINGTON LITTLE- sistant General Superintendent of OrHALES, '83, well known former Navy ford Works of International Nickel, Scientist, died in Washington, D. C, 12 Bayonne, N. J., becoming General August 1943. He is survived by three Superintendent in 1918. Mr. Wadhams children, Mrs. Margaret P. Vondersmith, was named Manager of the Company's James H. Littlehales, and Lieutenant Development and Research Division in New York on April 1, 1922. In addition George R. Littlehales, USNR. SHIPMATE

R O H R equipped Consolidated Coronados flown by Pan American to outposts of attack Teamwork . . . a vital weapon of the United Nations . . . begins in war production factories and extends to fighting units on every front.

Teams of Rohr Production Fighters work around the clock preparing huge Consolidated Coronados for the next team . . . skilled flight crews of Pan American World Airways . . . on a mission of quick supply to far-flung forces of the Allies.

Teamwork is the dominant spirit of men and women on Rohr production lines . . . determined to help cut the time to Victory!

HELPING TO WRITE THE

ROHR

AIRCRAFT

OCTOBER, 1943

STORY OF TOMORROW

CORPORATION

CHULA

VISTA,

CALIFORNIA 35

to this position he had been a Vice President of The International Nickel Company, Inc. since October 1935.

It was under his leadership and guidance that many of the wide applications of nickel and its aUoys have been developed. He had written many papers on rhe history and uses of nickel.

Mr. Wadhams was a member of American Iron and Steel Instimte; American Instimte of Mining and MetaUurgical Engineers; American Society of Naval Engineers, American Society for Metals; Mining and MetaUurgical Society of America; Navy League of the United States; New York Electrical Society; Princeton Engineering Association; Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers; The Newcomen Society of England; United States Naval Instimte, and American Society for Advancement of Science. His clubs were the Army and Navy Club, Washington, D. C ; Richmond County Country Club, Staten Island, N. Y.; Cobble HiU Golf Club, Elizabethtown, N. Y., and Navy Athletic Association; Down Town Association; and The Naval Academy Association of New York.

In 1902 Mr. Wadhams married Marcia Elizabeth Hand of Elizabethtown, N. Y., who died on August 21, 1936. Surviving are two daughters, Mrs. Edward J. Carleton of Woodstock, Conn, and Miss Elizabeth H. Wadhams of Dongan HiUs, S. I.; two sons, Richard H. Wadhams of Wilmington, Del. who is with the DuPont Company and Albion James Wadhams, Jr., Captain U. S. Army, and one brother. Honorable WiUiam H. Wadhams.

ANDREW L. BELL, '06, revitaUy important area of the First Naval 1 0 Q ^ ports new address: 1904 Arch District from the time of our entry into the current war until August 1, 1942, Street, Petersburg, Virginia.

Vice Admiral Tarrant devised sound and comprehensive measures in combating MILO F. DRAEMEL, '06, enemy enchroachment in that territory." (R. Adm., USN), now commander of the Phila1 QOO RALPH E. POPE, '99, may be delphia Navy Yard, has rereached at 475 A Avenue, cently been awarded the Coronado, California.

Distinguished S e r v i c e Medal. Secretary Knox, in EDWARD C. KALBFUS, "99, (Adm., making the presentation, USN-Ret.), entered the Naval Hospital read the citation which told at Newport, Rhode Island, August 25 for of Admiral Draemel's achievements in treatment of a minor ailment. Hospital helping reorganize the Pacific Fleet after officials said the Admiral's progress was Pearl Harbor and in furthering plans for satisfactory and SHIPMATE tmsts that he the victorious Battle of Midway. has long since been discharged.

1898 WILLIAM T. TARRANT, •0 ' " '98, (Vice Adm., USN-Ret.), is at present on duty in the Office of the Commander in Chief, United States Fleet, Washington, D. C, and resides at 2141 Wyoming Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C. Vice Admiral Tarrant has been presented with the Legion of Merit for service in the First Navy District in directing anti-submarine operations.

The citation accompanying the award foUows: "For exceptionaUy meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding service to the Government of the United States. Operating in the

1905

1900 CARLETON R. KEAR, '00, ^ (Lt. Comdr., USN-Rer.), lists his home address as 1217 Royal Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, and writes: "Am back in active duty at Headquarters Sth Naval District, 1031 New Federal Building, New Orleans.

"Quite a thriU to be in uniform again."

1907

CHARLES T. BLACKBURN, '07, reports his new address as 710 Parsons Road, Ridgewood, New Jersey.

JOHN H. HOOVER, '07, (V..Adm., USN), United States Representative in the negotiations which restdted in Adm. Georges Robert turning over his Martinique authority to the AUies, is being CHARLES P. SNYDER, '00, (Adm., detached from his duties as conunander USN), Naval Inspector General, was of the Caribbean Sea frontier for a new placed on the retired list as of 1 August, post at sea. and advanced to rank of Admiral. Admiral Snyder wiU continue to serve in his 1908 CHARLES CORWIN ROSS, present post.

'08, (Capt., USN), married 1904 BENJAMIN K. JOHNSON, Mrs. Deveney Dickinson, 13 August, '^^ '04, (Lt. Comdr., USN-Ret.), 1943, in Annapolis, Md. Austin, Texas, caUs us on the carpet, for: KARL (KEFE) SMITH, '08, (Cdr., "You seem to be having a good deal of trouble with the class of 1902. First USN-Ret.), n i l "G" Avenue, Coroyou set Emory Land back to 1903, and nado, California, writes: in your last issue you have Dutch Mar"Out here some of us old 'has beens," 1897 FRANCIS M. PETERS, '97, quart making the prodigious leap from manage to keep fairly busy in our jobs should be addressed 1424 1902 to 1909." with O. C. D., under our "boss* and coorKanawha Street, Charleston, West VirAgain our face is red—we wiU be more dinator Adm. George F. Neal—who has ginia. careful in the fumre. done one whale of a job while I sit by and

36

WALTER B. WOODSON, '05 (R. Adm., USN), should be addressed c/o Judge Advocate General, Navy Department, Washington, D.C. ARTHUR B. COOK, '05, (V. Adm., USN), takes over the Command of the 10th Naval District with headquarters in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Previous aviation assigrunents of Admiral Cook included: commanding officer, USS LANGLEY,- chief of staff to commander aircraft battle force; assistant chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics; comhanding officer, USS LEXINGTON; chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics and commander aircraft, scouting force.

watch and try to keep the wheels mrning as Chief Air Raid Warden, and in passing I might add—its something of a headache at times to convince people that the war is not over."

LELAND JORDAN, '08, (Comdr., USN-Ret.), should be addressed Room 3024 Navy Department, Washington, D.C. ARNOLD H. VANDERHOOF, '08, (Lt. Comdr., USN-Ret.), reports that the Branch Hydrographic Office in Savannah, Georgia, has been made bigger and better and that he has been appointed Lieutenant Commander on the retired list for temporary service.

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OCTOBER, 1943

OFFICES

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37

MINOR MERIWETHER, JR., 08, is "I know you will be interested in renow in the oil business, and is located in ceiving word that we have recently been the First National Bank Building, at advised that Mr. N. H. Lundbert (Harry) Shreveport, Louisiana. of the Class of '34, and who at the time of the Japanese occupation of the PhilipWILLIAM W. TURNER, '08, may be pines was Assistant Manager of our reached on the 24th Floor, Woolworth Pathfinder Plantation at Kabasalan, MinBuilding, New York City. danao, P. I., is reported by the Japanese as being in their internment camp at 1 9 0 9 ^^^^^^ L- SPILLER, '09, Davao, Mindanao.

(Brig. Gen.), is on duty in "Fortunately, Mrs. Lundberg and their the Federal Building, New Orleans, baby had arrived at their home at BedLouisiana. ford, Ohio just a few months before Pearl Harbor and are safe and well.

JAMES MADISON DOYLE, '09, Harry Lundberg has been associated (Comdr., USN-Ret.), wiU receive maU with me in rubber plantation matters addressed c/o W. W. MacGregor, 1314 ever since his graduation from the AcadHouston Street, Laredo, Texas. emy and is one of the most promising ROBERT L. ALLEWELT, '09, gives men that we have in our Rubber Planhis home as 22 Eichelberger Street, Han- tation Stafl!^.

"I am following very closely every bit over, Pennsylvania. of news that appears in SHIPMATE and ALAN G. KIRK, '09, (R. wish to compliment you on the manner Adm., USN), Commander in which you are keeping the Alumni of the Amphibious Forces, and all hands advised concerning matters United States Atlantic of interest pertaining to our Navy of Fleet, was recently decwhich we Americans are all proud." orated with the Legion of MELVILLE STEWART BROWN, Merit, for his part in delivering the in'10, (Comdr., USN), who was killed in vading force to the shores of Sicily.

Admiral Kirk, also won a bottle of an airplane crash in New Mexico, Nowhiskey from Lt. General George S. Pat- vember 2, 1936, has been honored by ton, Jr., commander of the American 7th having the Naval Auxiliary Air Station Army in Sicily, whom he bet that the on Otay Mesa, near Chula Vista, CaliNavy would unload on Sicily in less than fornia named for him. the scheduled eight days.

JAMES ALEXANDER LOGAN, '10, (Commodore, USN), was killed in a ^^1Q BERNARD CONLON, '10, plane crash near Belfast the first of writes: "For some time SHIPMATE was mailed September. Commodore Logan, at the to me at 191 Park Place, Brooklyn. Just time of his death was commandant of the who gave the Association my address I U. S. Naval Operating Base at Londondo not know, I did not order the sub- derry, Northern Ireland.

When the crash occurred he was en scription myself, for while it would have been a pleasure to be able to keep well route to London for one of his periodic informed on Naval Academy matters, I conferences with naval authorities. have not been living at 191 Park Place ALBERT R. MACK, '11, for a number of years. I have been travel- 1 0 1 1 (Comdr., USN-Ret.), is on ling a good deal, and when I remrned to the Park Place address, where my brother duty with the U. S. Naval Inspection of and sister still live, the old copies had Recruiting and Induction, Post Office and Court House, St. Paul and Ervay Streets, piled up.

"I am in town now for a protracted Dallas, Texas. period, perhaps even permanently, and WILLIAM V. BRANDT, '11, (Lt. wiU have a chance to enjoy the issues as Comdr., USNR), has at last achieved a they come out. While my contract with the old crowd has been very slight, since lifetime ambition and is now commandI bilged in mid-term of my Plebe year, ing a ship in the U. S. Navy. That while the fellows who were my classmates, at she is as old as Van, she is moting every least for a short time, are remembered day and these two old veterans are working like the devil to do a bang up 4.0 job. vividly by me after all these years."

EDGAR R. McCLUNG, '11, (Capt., USN-Ret.), should be addressed 150 Central Park, South, Hampshire House, New York City.

GEORGE A. ROOD, '11, (Capt., USN), may be reached at 45 Broadway, New York 6, N. Y. AMES LODER, '11, (Capt., USNRet.), although he reports that he travels around quite a bit, wiU receive mail sent to 144 Main Street, Hingham, Massachusetts.

NORMAN SCOTT, '11, (R .Adm., USN), was honored by having the USS N O R M A N SCOTT named for him. The Ship was christened at the Bath Iron Works Corporation, Bath, Missouri, August 28, 1943.

1912

ROBERT A. HALL, '12, (Capt., USN), is here at Alma Mater, in Department of English, History and Government. Occupies Quarters 15, Porter Road, Naval Academy.

AARON S. MERRILL, '12, (R. Adm., USN), writes: "I left the USS some six months ago to take over this command.

Since that time and due to my own fundamental inertia I have only received SHIPMATE after its thumb-worn pages have completed the rounds of the mail room. I hope this effort will bring it to me by a more direct routeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;to heU with the mail room.

"With personal good wishes."

STILES (BEN) DECKER, SR., '12, (Lt. Comdr., USNR), writes from sick bay, U. S. Naval Hospital, Key West, Fla.: "Am laid up here for docking and general overhaul and will probably remain for at least a month or more."

TUCKER C. GIBBS, '12, (Capt., SC, USNR), should be addressed 1131 Johnson Street, Key West, Florida.

JOHN WILBUR, '12, may be reached in Old Lyme, Connecticut.

DEWITT C. RAMSEY, '12 (R. Adm., USN), who recently remrned after commanding a carrier task force in the South Pacific, is chief of the Bureau of ALLAN A. RUTTER, '11, gives his Aeronautics.

JOHN J. BLANDIN, '10, 2175 Tinkham Road, Akron, Ohio, sends this in- new address as 650 Baltimore Street, W., Admiral Ramsey is a veteran of Detroit 2, Michigan. teresting news: twenty-three years of sea and shore duty 38

SHIPMATE

Learn

S EA AND Al R

NAVIGATION by ihe famous

Partial showing of text books in the Weems System

T

H E Weems System of simplified dead reckoning and celestial navigation is actually one of the easiest courses in navigation ever devised. Only one to three months are required for one to become thoroughly versed in sea or air navigation as taught by Weems.

The completeness and efficiency of this modern system are attested by many world famous navigators, and it is fast surpassing all other methods because its simplicity and accuracy save time and costly mistakes. It is used by the United States and foreign governments, and is standard with many commercial air lines.

SCHOOLS IN TWELVE CITIES also Correspondence

Courses

In addition to our residence instruction and correspondence courses, the Weems System of Navigation is also taught at our affiliated schools in the following cities: Annapolis, Baltimore, Boston, Denver, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Diego and Seattle.

Weems System SEA AND AIR NAVIGATION TEXTS, EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUCTION AIR NAVIGATION $3.50 MARINE NAVIGATION $5.00 LEARNING TO NAVIGATE $2.00 SIMPLIFIED CELESTIAL NAVIGATION $3.00 RADIUS OF ACTION OF AIRCRAFT $3.00 INSTRUMENT FLYING $4.00 AIR NAVIGATION OUTLINE $2.50 NAVIGATION CHARTS $1.00 AIRCRAFT PLOHER, MARK II $2.00 NAVIGATION NOTE BOOK $2.00 COMBINATION: NAVIGATION NOTE BOOK AND PLOTTER $3.60 UNIVERSAL PLOTTING SHEETS $0.50 SPEED-TIME-DISTANCE CALCULATOR $1.00 WSN COURSE PROTRACTOR $5.00 DALTON MARK VII COMPUTER $7.50 DALTON MARK VIM COMPUTER $1.00 DALTON TYPE El-B COMPUTER $10.00 DALTON TYPE E6-B COMPUTER $10.00 DALTON MODEL " J " COMPUTER $40.00 DALTON MK. II, III AND IV PLOHING BOARDS, RESPECTIVELY $8, $18 AND $12 GILLMER COMPUTER $3.00 LYON COMPUTER $3.00 WARNER PLOTTER $2.50 LINE OF POSITION BOOK $2.00 ILLYNE STAR CHART $1.00 STAR ALTITUDE CURVES, NORTH LATITUDE $5.00 STAR ALTITUDE CURVES, SOUTH LATITUDE $10.00 THE AMERICAN AIR ALMANAC $1.00 BROWNELL-WEEMS STAR FINDtR $5.00

WEEMS SYSTEM OF NAVIGATION, ANNAPOLIS, MD. OCTOBER, 1943

39

marines and aircraft, greatly assisted in sinking two of the vessels, thereby diminishing opposition to a devastating bombardment of hostile defense on Kolombangara Island, March 5-6, which his force was' assigned to execute.

Throughout these actions, as weU as during the occupation of RusseU Island, his THOMAS M. SHOCK, '13, (Capt., unfaltering determination and briUiant USN), is at present at the Naval War leadership contributed in large measure to the successful operations of our CoUege, Newport, Rhode Island. forces."

involving flying, he was head of the Plans Division of the Bureau of Aeronautics in 1941 and became assistant chief in August of that year. In April, 1942, he assumed command of an aircraft carrier, and later was made Commandant, Carrier Division, Pacific Fleet, and commander of a South Pacific task force. It was from this post that he remrned to head the Bureau of Aeronautics.

USN), from parts unknown, gives us this boost: "What with delayed mails, changes of address, etc., SHIPMATE usuaUy reaches me somewhat late, but is nevertheless enjoyed fuUy. You are doing a job deserving of the traditional "Well done'."

AARON S. MERRILL, '12, (R. Adm., USN), 311 South Commerce, Natchez.

Mississippi, has been awarded the Legion of Merit for the part he played in a night engagement with a force of Japanese destroyers.

The foUowing citation accompanies the award: "For exceptionaUy meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services to the Government of the United States as Task Force Commander during an engagement with enemy Japanese forces in the Solomon Islands Area on the night of March 5-6, 1943. CarefuUy planning for the maximum striking power. Rear Admiral MerriU directed the operations of his Task Force in intercepting and destroying Japanese land installations on Kolombangara Island of the New Georgia Group. The Task Force under his daring and briUiant leadership gaUandy withstood heavy opposition and came through a successful mission imscathed."

IQI4 FREDERICK D. POWERS, ' '14, (Comdr., USN-Ret. Act.), froni the U. S. Destroyer Base, San Diego (36), California, writes: "I miss the old Alumni BuUetin and they teU me you are doing a good job.

"We see lots of old, familiar faces at this place. In and out, in and out. Its a good placeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;since the so and so's won't let me go to sea."

191 3 ^ ^ " ^ ^- ZEMKE, '13, reports ** that as of July 28, 1943, he was commissioned a Captain, U. S. N. (Ret.).

CHARLES G. HELMICK, '13, (Brig Gen., USA), should be addressed 76th FA Brig., Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri.

NORMAN C. GILLETTE, '13, (Capt., USN), is Commanding Ofiicer, U. S. Naval Ordnance Planr, Center Line, Michigan, and adds: "May I add my 'weU done,' to those responsible for the excellent publication you are now producing."

HAROLD P. PARMELEE, '13, (Lt. Comdr., USNR), is on duty with the Office of Inspector of Naval Material, 249 E. S. Temple Street, Salt Lake City 2, Utah.

GLENN B. DAVIS, '13, (R. Adm.,

40

RICHARD L. CONOLLY, '14, (R. Adm., USN), 509 Julian Street, Waukegan,' lUinois, has also been decorated with the Legion of Merit for directing naval operations in the landings in Sicily.

This is the second decoration for ConoUy in this war as he won the Navy Cross for heroic action while in command of nine destroyers during the attacks more than a WILLIAM F. ROEHL, '14, (Lt. year ago on the Japanese held MarshaU Comdr., USN-Ret.), should be addressed and Gilbert and Wake Islands.

2504 Evergreen Street, San Diego, California.

1915 CONRAD L. LEIN, '15, (Lt. jg, USN-Ret.), from Fontana RALPH OTIS DAVIS, '14, (Capt., Dam, [T.V.A.] North CaroUna, writes: USN), former chief of staff of the "This is to inform you that I have reSevern River command has been proceived a job with the T.V.A. as PubHc moted to the rank of Rear Admiral. Since Safety Officer Trainer.

The work is inhis graduation from the Academy, Adteresting." miral Davis, served three tours of duty here at Annapolis. He was executive offiLEONARD KIRBY, '15, (Comdr., cer in 1940 and 1941, and officer in charge of grounds and buildings in 1941- USNR), writes: "Enclosed are "Sinews of War,' for 42. your very exceUent handiwork 1943 EDMUND W. BURROUGH, '14, Model. Please forward AeRegister to my (Captain, USN), 3133 Connecticut home, via Route 5, Box 314, Sweetbriar Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C, has Road, Memphis, Tennessee, but be sture been awarded the Legion of Merit for and keep sending me SHIPMATE to That litde publication fills the part he took in a night engagement a lot of needs out here and is the only with a force of Japanese destroyers. way except by occasional chance meetHis citation foUows: ings, that I know what goes on with "For exceptionally mericlassmates, friends in the service. It takes torious conduct in the perSHIPMATE a month and a half to arrive, formance of outstanding but that's O. K. services to the Govern"For 1915 infoâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;have fished with ment of the United States Skeeter MitcheU (our mighty Marine as Commanding Officer of Aviator), talked with Arch Howard and a U. S. warship in action against enemy drank with Ike Schlossback.

Japanese forces in the Solomons Islands, ""For me, business is good, and I have January 28-29 and March 5-6,1943. Durvery little union labor trouble, although ing a fierce engagement which resulted now and then a new recmit gets un-Navy from a heavy attack on his task force by ideas and thinks it over on "wine and enemy torpedo planes on the night of cake'."

January 28-29, Captain Burrough directed the operations of his ship with OTTO NIMITZ, '15, (Capt., USN), superb professional ability. Later, encountering a group of Japanese warships gives new address as KerrviUe, Texas. in Kula Gulf, Captain Burrough, despite the threatening presence of enemy subGLENN H. EASTON, '15, (Lt. SHIPMATE

Cumdr., USN-Ret.), Hotel Lawrence, Erie, Pennsylvania, writes: "Having completed rwo years as an executive at the Moore Dry Dock Company, San Francisco, I resigned, effective August 15, 1943 to enter the organization of the Skinner Engine Company, Erie, in the capacity of First Vice President."

STUART A. MAHER, 15, (Lt. Cdr., USN-Ret.), writes: "Please change my address from Headquarters, Eighth Naval District, New Orleans, Louisiana to Sub-Board of Inspeaion and Survey, Eighth Naval District, 346 MeUie Esperson Building, Houston, 2, Texas. The job is the same as I had in New Orleans (Senior Member of the Sub-Board) but they transferred the office because we have so much more work to do in Texas than in Louisiana. "'The only news of 1915 men that I have is, I am sorry to say, very brief. A couple of months ago in New Orleans I met Alan (Gloom) Wurtele. He was en route to his plantation somewhere near New Orleans. Recendy Dan Armstrong dropped in to say heUo whUe he was visidng in Houston."

0 ^

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medium. Heat travels from metal to w a t e r 2 0 0 times faster ARTHUR LANDIS, '15, 73 Poplar Street, Garden City, L. I., New York, writes: "Permit me at this time to congratulate you for the splendid magazine that you are turning out. I imagine it is particularly welcome to members of 1915 who up untU recent years had a very complete class buUetin."

191A ^^^^ ^- GLUTTING, '16, *' '^ (Capt., U S N ) , gives his address as 89 Mason Terrace, BrookUne, Massachusetts.

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ANDREW C. McFALL, '16, (R. Adm., U S N ) , from out there, sends this friendly message: ""Thank you and my appreciation goes to you for making SHIPMATE extremely interesting."

RALPH E. DAVISON, 16, (R. Adm., U S N ) , is at present acting Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics.

BERTRAM J. RODGERS, '16, (Capt., U S N ) , 310 Orchard Place, KnoxviUe, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, has been awarded the Navy Cross, for service in the engagement off the Komandorski Islands on March 26, 1943.

OCTOBER,

1943

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SCHRAMM X/r

Compressors 41

The citation accompanying Captain Rodgers' award foUows: "For extraordinary heroism and o u t s t a n d i n g achievement as Commanding Officer of a United States craiser in action against enemy Japanese forces off the Komandorski Islands on March 26,1943. During an engagement which continued without respite for three hours and a half with an enemy of far superior strength, Captain Rodgers, commanding the only heavy cruiser in our force, handled his ship with such exceUent judgment that she was able to inflict severe damage on one hostile heavy cruiser and lesser damage on another heavy and light cruiser. By his heroic conduct and valiant devotion to duty he contributed to the withdrawal of the superior Japanese force and to the frustration of a desperate attempt to deliver urgently needed supplies to enemy troops in the Aleutian Islands."

WILLIAM M. FECHTELER, '16, (Capt., USN), should be addressed Apartment 309-B, Westchester Apartments, Washington, D. C. ROBERT B. CARNEY, 16, (R. Adm., USN), 923 Avenue J, Coronado, California, has been awarded the Legion of Merit for his part in a night engagement with a force of Japanese destroyers.

At that time, Rear Admiral Carney, held the rank of Captain, previously received the Distinguished Service Medal for outstanding performance of duty in convoy escort operations in the Atlantic.

The citation accompanying the award foUows: ""For exceptionaUy meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding service to the Goverrunent of the United States as Commanding Officer of a U. S. warship in action against Japanese forces in the Solomon Islands, March 5-6, 1943.

Participating in vital missions in this area of intense activity, Captain Carney skiUfuUy directed the carefully planned operations of his ship in various actions, including the occupation of RusseU Island. Later, encountering a group of Japanese warships in Kula Gulf, Captain Carney, despite the threatening presence of enemy submarines and aircraft, greatly assisted in sinking two of the vessels, thereby diminishing opposition to a devastating bombardment of hostile

42

defenses on Kolombangara Island, March 5-6, which his force was assigned to execute. Throughout these engagements his unfaltering determination and brilliant leadership contributed in large measure to the successful operations of our forces."

10-j 7

THOMAS R. COOLEY, '17, (Capt., USN), is in the Bureau of Naval Personnel, Detail Section, Navy Department, Washington, D.C. HOMER N. WALLIN, '17, (Capt., USN), reports his address as 410 Northwest 18th Avenue, Portland ( 9 ) , Oregon.

THEODORE M. WALDSCHMIDT, '17, (Capt., USN), 701 Highland Ave, Lead, South Dakota, has been awarded the Silver Star Medal for service in the engagement off the Komandorski Islands on March 26, 1943.

The citation accompanying the award foUows: ""For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity as Commanding Officer of a United States cruiser, flagship of a task group in action against enemy Japanese naval forces off the Komandorski Islands on March 26, 1943. With accurate and damaging fire directed at a hostile heavy cruiser. Captain Waldschmidt opened a fierce running battle which continued without respite for three hours and a half with an enemy of far superior strength. SkillfuUy maneuvering his ship to avoid hostile 8-inch salvos which feU around her, he was able, with relentless gunfire, to force back enemy light cruisers attempting to close in. Exercising keen judgment and superb seamanship. Captain Waldschmidt rendered vital assistance to the Task Group Commander in mrning back the superior Japanese force, thereby thwarting a desperate attempt to deliver urgently needed supplies to enemy troops on the Aleutian Islands. His exemplary conduct and steadfast devotion to duty throughout the engagement were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."

The citation accompanying the award foUows: "For extraordinary heroism and o u t s t a n d i n g achievement a b o a r d a United States destroyer while serving as commander of a destroyer squadron during action against enemy Japanese naval forces off the Komandorski Islands on March 26,1943Engaged in a fierce running battle for three and a half hours with an enemy force almost twice the strength of his own. Captain Riggs, with expert ability and briUiant leadership, maneuvered his destroyers skiUfuUy. In the face of intense fire from four Japanese warships, he moved three of his vessels, his ship leading, into a range of less than ten thousand yards of the enemy. Scoring one torpedo hit and inflicting additional damage on the opposing ship by gunfire, his bold attack was a deciding factor in mrning back the Japanese force, thereby thwarting a desperate attempt to deliver urgently needed supplies to enemy troops in the Aleutian Islands. His heroic conduct and valiant devotion to duty throughout the engagement were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."

ION PURSELL, '18, (Comdr., U S N ) , writes: "I feel that I must include my weU done and thanks for the interesting publication that finds us even when our address is not up to date. Your SHIPMATE always is read with interest, I assure you."

WILLIAM J. MALONE, '18, (Capt., USN), is on duty at present at Norfolk Navy Yard, Portsmouth, Virginia.

JAMES D. MURRAY, '18, (Lt. Comdr., USN-Rer.), should be addressed 126 Locust Street, Garden City, New York.

ROBERT F. SWEET, '18, may be reached at 851 North Lincoln Avenue, Hastings, Nebraska.

EDMUND J. KIDDER, '18, (Capt., USN), comes in from a tour of sea duty and is making his home at 49 Normandy Lane, Manhasset, Long Island, New 1918 RALPH S. RIGGS, '18, York City. ' ' '째 (Capt., USN), 1410 Momoe Street, AmariUo, Texas, has been award- 1 9 1 0 PHILIP V. SULLIVAN, '19, ed the Navy. Cross for service in the en(Lt. Comdr., USN), from the gagement off the Komandorski Islands Naval R.O.T.C. Unit, University of on March 26, 1943.

California, Berkeley, writes: SHIPMATE

D A U N T L E S S . . . Again and JLgalBl H A V I N G B O R N E the brunt of the fighting in the Pacific, Douglas Dauntless Dive Bombers have blasted the Axis out of Africa. A Rear Admiral of the U. S. N., says: "Your entire organization has reason to be proud of the performance of SB-Ds (Dauntless) which have alone sunk more combalant tonnage than all other arms." DOUGLAS A I R C R A F T C O M P A N Y , Inc., Santa Monica, Calif. â&#x20AC;˘ Long Beach, El Segundo, Tulsa, Oklahoma City, Chicago.

DOUG torgesf BuHdef of Combat.

Cargo and Transport Airaatt MEMBER, NATIONAL AIRCRAFT WAR PRODUCTION COUNCIl. INC

OCTOBER, 1943

43

"I was caUed back to active duty from retirement in October, 1941, and was stationed at the U. S. Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School in New York City. I was detached from there June 28th and sent out here, arriving on July 5 th. ""We have a fine unit here at the University, with O. K. Baker and "Sam' Southard out of 1922 here. Also J. T. Kugler out of '41; and Roger MuUinix, a reserve officer. AU in aU it is a very congenial gang to work with.

"I attended a Graduates' Dinner on Treasure Island about a month ago, and saw W. P. Martin out of '19."

ALONZO B. ALEXANDER, '19, should be addressed 319 E. Main, Spartanburg, South Carolina.

ROBERT P. BRISCOE, '19, R. F. D. $45, Liberty, Mississippi, has been awarded a Gold Star in lieu of a second Legion of Merit, for the part he played in a night engagement with a force of Japanese destroyers, he was awarded his first Legion of Merit for service in directing the operations of a Task Group in the Solomons Area.

His citation follows: ""For exceptionaUy meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services to the Government of the United States as Commander of a Task Group during action against enemy Japanese forces in the Solomon Islands, March 5-6, 1943. Although vigorously opposed by hostile shore batteries and continually threatened with air attacks.

Captain Briscoe, exercising briUiant leadership and superb professional skill, conducted a fierce, devastating bombardment of enemy-held positions at Munda Point, New Georgia Island. Throughout the intense action and subsequent retirement, he directed his carefully planned operations so efficiently that his force incurred no loss of life or material casualty.

Captain Briscoe's exemplary conduct and superior practical knowledge contributed greatly to the success of our forces in carrying out a vital mission."

PHILIP P. WELCH, '19, (Capt., USN). The foUowing AP dispatch, by John A. Moroso, 3rd, with U. S. Amphibious Force off Sicily, July 14, delayed, should be of interest to classmates and other Academy Alumni: ""One of the most amazing facts in the AUied invasion of Sicily is that a large percentage of the men and officers man44

ning the American ships were landlubbers snatched from civilian life only a short time ago. "'They come from aU walks of life and they have had to learn fast. In the opinion of Rear Admiral Alan G. Kirk they did an excellent job. ""When war came to Europe the American Navy had few transports. Taking a long range sight navy experts began acquiring passenger liners to convert into transports. Then came the amphibious force organization and that meant more ships and more officers and men. ""Unofficial estimates today say that more than 80 per cent of the men operating assault transports had never been to sea a year ago. The fact that they have done a good job is attributed to the navy's training and to the remarkable adaptability of the American boy.

"A good example of what I am trying to say is our own assault transport is a converted passenger liner. When we put out from the States for the Sicilian invasion 31 of our 47 officers had never been to sea before boarding this ship. Their only experience was in extensive maneuvers in American waters.

"The only Naval Academy man aboard was our skipper. Captain Philip P. Welch, a native of Lothian, Maryland, and son of B. AUein Welch, 266 King George Street, Annapolis, who is president of the Annapolis Savings Instimtion. The only regular reserve man was Lieutenant (jg) E. A. Carmody, an engineering officer who had spent 14 years in destroyers, two in cmisers and about a year on this ship.

"The rest came from the naval reserve, the Merchant Marine and civil life.

"Captain Welch formed his staff around the 15 men with some experience and with them helping he drove the green men hard, teaching them patiently sometimes with a salty language peculiar to sea going men.

"Today after the battle, after the dangerous task of landing troops in a pounding surf and then landing their supplies these boys are better men and better officers. Through the hell of it all we lost only one man, and ironically enough he was on his college swimming team."

1 99fl CHESTER A. SWAFFORD, ''â&#x20AC;˘^^ '20, (Lt. Comdr., USN), writes: ""Captain Alf O. R. Bergesen and I have thoroughly enjoyed the SHIPMATE and regret that the copies are not oftener.

NamraUy, the mail simation, especially

on sea duty, makes receipt of the magazine months late. This, however, does not detract from the news contained therein.

"The Captain and I have had the pleasure of seeing many of our classmates in different ports that we have been fortunate enough to visit."

CALVIN M. BOLSTER, '20, (Capt., USN), reports that he is now with the Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Department, Washington, D. C. WILLIAM H. NESBIT, '20, from 1751 Harvard Avenue, Swiss vale, Pennsylvania, sends: ""Regards to 1920 and the gang!"

PAUL B. NIBECKER, '20, (Capt., USN), reports his correct address as Quarters "E", Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, Washington.

HERBERT M A C B R I D E , '20, (Lt. Comdr., USNR), writes: "I have been First Luff and Damage Control on this ACV for eighr months now. Cato Glover, also '20, was in command until quite recently. We've nosed thru a tremendous amount of ocean.

"Best wishes."

BROOK S. MANSFIELD, '20, (Comdr., USN), may be reached at Room G077, Arlington Annex, Bureau of Naval Personnel.

HARTON I. BOOKER, '20, (Lt. Comdr., USNR), reports: ""I have managed to get quite a distance from home since re-joining the Navy last September."

HORATIO G. SICKEL, '20, (Capt., USN), has been presented the Legion of Merit for exceptional meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services during the assault on and occupation of French Morocco in November, 1942.

Captain Sickel's citation foUows: "For exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performances of outstanding services to the Government of the United States in a position of great responsibility during the assault on and occupation at Franch Morocco in November, 1942. Landing under fire at Fedala, Captain Sickel later proceeded to Casablanca where he commenced the installation of the United States Naval Operating Base.

SHIPMATE

Captain Sickel, through his ingenious employment of the limited facilities available made possible the preparations for the reception and unloading obstacles imposed by the congested and disorganized state of the harbor. By his keen initiative and excellent judgment.

Captain Sickel contributed in large measure to the success of the entire operations."

HERBERT F. FINNEY, '20, (Lt. Comdr., USN-Ret.), who while at the Academy was lightweight boxing champion and a member of the varsity lacrosse team, has been named brigade commander and security officer at the NATTC, JacksonviUe. 1921

W I L F R I D NYQUIST, '21, "5' (Capt., U S N ) , who has been on five ships since we entered the war, returned in June from out there, and reports for tour of duty at Alma Mater,â&#x20AC;&#x201D; in Departmenr of Physical Training.

Occupies Quarters D-2, Perry Circle, U.S.N.A. A hearty salute from SHIPMATE, Captain.

LESLIE K. POLLARD, '21, (Comdr., USN-Ret.), is commanding officer, Naval Training Schools, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.

SYDNEY B. DODDS, '21, (Comdr., USNR), writes: "I am at present on active duty as Director of Training, Eleventh Naval District. Please mail SHIPMATE to me at 3029 Second Avenue, San Diego, California."

HARRY E. RICE, JR., (Lt., USNRet.), should be addressed 563 East Court Street, Urbana, Ohio.

WYATT CRAIG, '21, (Capt., U S N ) , from the USS , sends best wishes to aU his old friends.

APOLLO SOUCEK, '21, (Capt., USN), formerly executive officer of the USS H O R N E T , is now chief of staff of the Air Intermediate Training Center, Pensacola, Florida.

ELMER P. ABERNETHY, '21, (Capr., U S N ) , gives his official residence as 1517 South Van Ness Avenue, Los Angeles, California, has been awarded the Navy Cross, for extraordinary heroism.

His ciration states: OCTOBER,

1943

"For extraordinary heroism as Commanding Officer of the USS PECOS during the bombardment and sinking of that vessel by enemy Japanese air forces off Christmas Island on March 1, 1942. Putting up a desperate fight against successive waves of hostile dive bombers which swept down out of the sun, Commander Abernethy, although his ship was mercilessly overwhelmed by exploding bombs and strafing machine guns, kept her engines operating and her guns blazing away until accumulated damage eventually opened her to the sea. Thereafter, calmly remaining aboard as the vessel settled forward, he directed abandon ship operations under a blistering hail of fire from ruthless enemy fliers who kept circling back to sheU the helpless survivors huddled on life rafts and floating debris. His courageous and inspiring devotion to duty, maintained with utter disregard of personal safety, was in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."

1999 ARTHUR D. CASWELL, 11I1.I. ,22^ (Lr Col, AUS), gives his home address as 2618 Fremont Avenue, No., Minneapolis, Minnesota, but asks SHIPMATE be sent to his APO, and writes: "I have enjoyed immensely the news contained in SHIPMATE whenever I have been formnate enough to have it catch up with me. "'While in the Army of United States myself I still have a healthy interest in the Navy in that my older boys, the twins, are at sea. One, PhiUip Edward CasweU is an Ensign in the Naval Reserve, while the other Donald Arthur CasweU is an Ensign in the U. S. Coast Guard, graduating this past June.

JOSEPHUS A. BRIGGS, '23, ""I look forward with real pleasure to 1 9 9 3 ' '^^ (Capt., U S N ) , is now at the each issue.

Naval Air Technical Training Com"'Good luck!" mand, Board of Trade Building, Chicago, Illinois, writes: WILFRED J. HOLMES, '22, (Lt., ""Have just come ashore as Chief of USN-Ret.), should be addressed 4009 Staff to above command, and miss your Black Point Road, Honolulu 28, T. H. fine dope sheet more than ever. Lots of Naval Activities aU through the Middle HARRY W. CRANDALL, '22, (Col., West from Gulf to Canada, and at every USA, a graduate of West Point), is sta- place living conditions are crowded, etc., so that service people in coast biUets need tioned at Fort DuPont, Delaware.

NOT look elsewhere for better condiEARLE F. HEIGHT, '22, 22 Shaw tions Road, WeUesley HiUs, Massachusetts, WILLIAM CL. LEMLY, '23, (Lt. Col., writes: USMC), gives his correct address as 822 "For the last two years I've been tryGuadalupe Avenue, Coronado, Caliing to get back in the service, with no fornia. headway to report as yet. So for the last year I've quit wearing my class ring, I'm ROBERT "BOB" A. CASSON, '23, reaUy ashamed to be seen with it on, in (Lt. Comdr., USNR), writes: civilian clothes."

"My new address is 105 Montgomery Street, San Francisco 4, California. I have MALCOLM W. PEMBERTON, '22, been on duty with the West Coast Sec(Comdr., (SC), USN), may be reached tion of the Board of Inspection and Surat the Naval Ammunition Depot, Hawvey for almost a year and a half now. I thorne, Nevada. find the work extremely interesting because of the oppormnity it affords of LOCKE L. MACKENZIE, '22, (Lt. getting on so many different kinds of Comdr., (MC), USNR), has been transships—aU the way from PT's to BB's— ferred from the Naval Training Station and also because of the frequent occaat Newport, R. I., and has been sent to sions when I run across old friends and Baltimore, where he is to take a special classmates. In the last few weeks, I have two months' course at Johns Hopkins run across Vic Tate, J. L. Brown, Dave University. His address in Baltimore wiU Justice, Emmit Spmng, Les Kern, Charbe 518 North Broadway. lie Nager, Paul Dugan, Louis Fabian, Templeton and others whose names JOHN R. HOWLAND, '22, (Lt. Col., escape me at the moment."

USA), gives his new address as 211 Highfield Road, Baltimore, Maryland, GILMER G. WESTON, '23, (Lt. and adds: Comdr., USNR), from die USS .

"Congramlations on the expanded sends this along: ""SHIPMATE is no longer just a pleasure form of the magazine and on the expanded activities. It is good to be able to —its a necessity. Its improvement has keep in touch with the doings of friends been continuous—each issue is decidedly in many classes scattered aU over the better than the last one. When news and "dope' in general is at such a premium world." anyway, it fiUs a void like nothing else could.

Congratulations to aU the staff."

CARLYLE L. HELBER, '22, (Capt.,

""Both took an interest in the Naval Reserve while I was stationed in New York, later at Boston, where they fell USN), is in the Office of the Inspector under Charlie Hooper's ('22) guiding of Naval Aircraft, El Segundo, Calihand. Later both went into the Mer- fornia. chant Marine (1940), one to remain while the other entered the U. S. Coast ROBERT WILLIAM BEDILION, '22, Guard Academy."

(Comdr., USN), was kiUed in the crash of a Navy airplane near Urbana, VirVALVIN R. SINCLAIR, '22, (Comdr. ginia. The plane crashed while en route USN), from the USS writes: from Norfolk, Virginia to Anacostia, '"That publication is reaUy coming into D. C. Funeral services were held its own these days and times and there September 16,1943, at 2:00 p.m., at Fort is no reason to think that when the war Myer Chapel, Fort Myer, Virginia, with is over it wiU cease being of great in- interment with fuU military honors following in Arlington National Cemetery. terest and value.

46

JOSEPH R. WOELFLE, '23, is Assistant Cashier at the Westwood ViUage Branch of the Bank of America, 1099 Westwood Boulevard, Los Angeles 24, California, writes: ""Enclosed you wiU find my subscription for renewal of SHIPMATE. I did not spend too much time at the United States Naval Academy, but it is interesting to read this publication, and to note how many of the feUows that you recaU in your class. "'I attended A. Knox Starling's Prep SHIPMATE

n u SUiftmaie^

Lx

mtmtULf, >iefi/u*tt o^ Naotf

July 29,1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 453

Paciflc and Far East: 1. U. S. submarines have reported the following results of operations against the eneiny in the waters of these areas: (a) 2 Large transports simk. (.b) 2 Large cargo vessels sunk. (c) 3 Medium-sized cargo vessels simk. (d) 2 Medium-sized tankers sunk. (e) 1 Small cargo vessel smik. (f) 1 Large cargo vessel damaged. (g) 3 Medimn-sized cargo vessels damaged.

2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department Communique.

July 30, 1943

2)efxa>itme*ii

and the damaging of five others in operations against the enemy in the waters of these areas, as follows: Sunk: 1 large transport 1 medium-sized passenger freighter 2 small freighters 1 small schooner 1 medium-sized supply ship 1 medium-sized cargo vessel Damaged: 1 medium-sized freighter 1 medium-sized tanker 1 medium-sized cargo vessel 1 small freighter 1 small cargo vessel 2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department Communique.

August 15, 1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 458

COMMUNIQUE NO. 454

Atlantic: 1. The U. S. non-rigid airship K-74 was lost at sea recently as the result of a gunfire attack by a surfaced enemy submarine.

2. The K-74 was fired on while attacking the submarine, and, as the result of a hit, was forced to make a landing on the sea.

3. All except one member of the crew of the K-74 were rescued. Next of kin of the one casualty has been notified that he is missing in action.

Note: The one casualty aboard the K-74 was Isadore Stessel, Aviation Machinist Mate Second Class.

July 31, 1943 COMMUNIQUE N O . 455

North Pacific: 1. On July 29, a U. S. Army Flying Portress (Boeing B-17) heavy bomber attacked Japanese positions on Kiska. Due to overcast weather, restilts were unobserved.

2. On July 30, dtulng the morning, TJ. S. Ught surface units bombarded Gertrude Cove and the main camp areas on Kiska. Enemy batteries did not reply.

August 12, 1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 456

On August 12 about 8:11 A.M. (East Longitude) a formation of 9 Army Liberator bombers attacked Kiuiel Island.

Numerous hits were scored in the designated target area.

About 40 enemy planes intercepted.

Five were shot down and several more probably shot down.

Two of the U. S. Bombers are missing.

August 14, 1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 457

Paciflc and Far East: 1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of seven enemy vessels

n

/^>i

1. The U. S. submarine Pickerel has failed to return from patrol operations and must be presumed to be lost.

The next of kin of personnel in the Pickerel have been so informed.

Mediterranean: 2. The following U. S. Naval vessels have been lost in action against the enemy in operations in this area: (a) USSPC 496 (Submarine Chaser) sunk June 4, 1943, as resiilt of underwater explosion. (b) USS Redwing (Submarine Rescue Vessel) sunk June 29, 1943, as result of imderwater explosion. (c) USS Sentinel (Mine Sweeper) sunk July 11, 1943, in landing operation off Sicily. (d) USS Maddox (Destroyer) simk July 10, 1943, by aircraft off Sicily.

Atlantic: 3. The USS Plymouth (Gunboat) was sunk a short distance off the North Carolina coast on August 5, 1943, as result of underwater explosion.

4. The next of kin of all casualties aboard the above named vessels have been notifled.

August 21, 1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 459

North Paciflc: 1. A Task Force of the Pacific Fleet has landed a force of United States and Canadian troops on Kiska, beginning on August 15.

2. No Japanese have been found.

There were indications of recent hasty evacuation of the Japanese garrison. Presumably, the heavy bombardments by our ships and planes that have been carried on for some time and the danger to their supply lines by our capture of Attu made the enemy positions on Kiska untenable.

It is not known how the Japanese got away, but it is possible that enemy surface ships were able to reach Kiska under cover of the heavy fog that have been prevalent.

v^

[0

QtmumttuK^uiei.

3. Since the air and surface bombardments in the latter part of July had apparently destroyed Japanese radio equipment on Kiska, the assumption was that they were not in communication with the homeland.

Consequently, no release of Allied operations against Kiska has been made since July 31, as it would have conveyed information to the enemy which he otherwise would not have had. This particularly applied to the period during which the transports were in areas exposed to enemy submarine attacks and while they were unloading.

August 21, 1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 460

North Paciflc: 1. In the period from August 1 to August 14, inclusive, U. S. Army and Navy aircraft and heavy and light U. S. Naval surface units carried out the following previously unannounced attacks on Kiska Island and Little Kiska.

2. These attacks, none of which has been announced in any previous Navy Department Communique, were carried out as follows: On August 1: Liberator heavy bombers (Consolidated B-24) dropped bombs through solid overcast on the Kiska main camp area.

On August 2: (a) In the afternoon Liberators attacked North Head on Kiska, and scored tiits in the area. (b) Immediately following the above air attack, heavy and light U. S. Naval surface units heavily bombarded the main camp, submarine base. North Head, South Head and Gertrude Cove on Kiska Island, as well as enemy positions on Little Kiska. More than 2,300 rounds of large and medium caliber shells were fired at the targets, with no return fire from the enemy. (c) Early the same evening Mitchell medium bombers (North American B-25) and Lightning fighters (Lockheed P-38) bombed and strafed Little Kiska.

On August 3: (a) In the early morning, light Naval surface units shelled (Gertrude Cove and the main camp area on Kiska. Return fire by the enemy was light and brief. (b) Four bombing and strafing attacks were carried out by Mitchell medium bombers and Warhawk (Curtiss P-40) and Lightning fighters on North Head, South Head, the runway, seaplane hangar area and the main camp on Kiska. Little Kiska was strafed. Hits were observed in aU target areas.

On August 4: (a) Shortly after midnight, a Navy Catalina patrol bomber (Consolidated PBY) dropped explosive and incendiary bombs on the Kiska main camp and submarine

80

base. Large fires resulted from the attack. (b) During a 12-hour period from morning to evening, 18 attack missions were carried out against North Head, South Head, the runway, main camp and submarine base on Kiska and Little Kiska. Large forces of Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers. Army Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas A-24), and Lightning and Warhawk fighters participated in these attacks. In addition to the bombings, cannon-firing Mitchells successfully attacked shore installations, while the fighter planes strafed at low altitudes. Many explosions resulted and numerous flres were started. The enemy's opposition consisted of sporadic antiaircraft flre.

On August 5: In the early morning light Naval surface units shelled Gertrude Cove and the main camp on Kiska. No return flre was encountered.

On August 6: Light Naval surface units again bombarded Kiska, scoring hits in the target area. There was no return fire.

On August 8: The Kiska main camp and the Gertrude Cove area were the targets in a further bombardment by light Naval surface units, with no return flre.

On August 9: Light Naval surface units shelled Gertrude Cove, the main camp and enemy positions on a hill North of Reynard Cove.

This destroyer weathers heavy seas while on patrol.

October, 1943

WAR COMMUNIQUES On August 10: (a) Before dawn, Gertrude Cove and the main camp again were bombarded by light Naval surface units. (b) Large forces of Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers.

Army Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas A-24), and Lightning and Warhawk flghters carried out 24 bombing and straflng missions on Kiska.

Only light antiaircraft fire was encountered. Many fires were started. (c) During the night, a Catalina patrol bomber dropped bombs on Kiska.

On August 11: (a) In the early morning, light Naval surface units shelled South Head and Gertrude Cove, starting fires. (b) Gertrude Cove, Reynard Cove, North Head and Little Kiska were the targets of 21 bombing and straflng missions carried out during the day by Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers. Army Dauntless dive bombers (Douglas A-24) and Lightning and Warhawk flghters.

Fires were started in all areas and considerable debris was observed in enemy emplacements on Little Kiska. (c) A Catalina patrol bomber dropped bombs on the main camp and Gertrude Cove during the night.

On August 12: (a) Shortly after midnight, a light Naval surface unit shelled Kiska. (b) In the morning, heavy and light Naval surface units bombarded the South Coast of Kiska. Gertrude Cove and Bukhti Point were the main tar-

gets. There was no return flre. (c) The Kiska area was heavily bombed and thoroughly strafed during the day in 20 attacks by forces of Liberator heavy bombers, Mitchell medium bombers. Army Dauntless dive bombers, and Warhawk and Lightning fighters. Many fires were started.

On August 13: (a) Light U. S. Naval surface units bombarded Kiska early in the morning, drawing no return flre. (b) During the afternoon nine bombing and strafiing missions were carried out against Kiska by U. S. Army Liberator, Mitchell and Dauntless bombers and Lightning fighters.

Buildings at Gertrude Cove and North Head were destroyed by direct hits, and fires resulted at Gertrude Cove, North Head, the main camp and North of Reynard Cove. Light antiaircraft flre was encountered.

On August 14: (a) In the early morning hours a Navy Catalina three times bombed installations on Kiska, with unreported results. (b) At hourly intervals, light U. S. Naval surface units bombarded Kiska four times. No return fire was encountered. (c) In the late afternoon U. S. Army Liberators, Mitchells and Lightnings bombed and strafed enemy positions on Kiska. Results were not reported.

August 23, 1943 COMMUNIQUE No.

461

North Paciflc: 1. U. S. and Canadian Troops are continuing the occupation of positions on Kiska and in the adjacent area. A landing has been made on Segula Island, about 20 miles east of Kiska, with no Japanese being found.

2. Three Japanese midget submarines, apparently damaged by demolition bombs, were found on the marine railway at the submarine base on Kiska.

September 9, 1943 COMMUNIQUE No.

462

Paciflc and Far East: 1. U. S. submarines have reported the sinking of six enemy vessels and the damaging of four others in operations against the enemy in waters of these areas, as follows: Sunk: 2 large freighters 1 large cargo 1 medium tanker 1 small freighter 1 medium cargo Damaged: 1 large cargo 2 small cargo 1 medium freighter 2. These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department Communique.

September 13 COMMUNIQUE NO. 463

North Paciflc: 1. On September 13, (Paramushiru time) a formation of Army Liberator (Consolidated B-24) heavy bombers and Mitchell (North American B-25)

October. 1943

medium bombers, successfully attacked enemy shipping and ground installations in the Paramushiru Island area.

2. In spite of spirited enemy opposition, in the form of heavy antiaircraft fire and fighter interception, the U. S. bombers scored numerous hits on ground installations, set on fire a transport, which was left in a sinking condition, damaged another transport, scored hits on three cargo vessels, one of which exploded, and strafed numerous small craft, setting many on fire.

3. Upwards of twenty-flve enemy flghters attacked the U. S. planes, and in a running engagement, which lasted for fifty minutes, the U. S. bombers shot down ten enemy fighters and probably three more. Four

i^.

81

WAR COMMUNIQUES

U. S. planes are known to have been lost due to enemy action,and six others failed to return.

September 14,1943 COMMUNIQUE NO. 464

1. The U. S. submarine Grenadier has failed to return from patrol operations and must be presumed to be lost. The next of kin of personnel in the Grenadier have been so informed.

Mediterranean

Area:

2. On August 23, the USS submarine chaser 694 and the USS submarine chaser 696 were sunk as a result of enemy bombing. The next

The U. S. S. Lexington (above) is abandoned in the Coral Sea.

of kin of all casualties have been notifled.

Paciflc Area: (All dates are East Longitude): 3.

On September 13, during the night, fifteen Japanese planes attacked Funafuti, Ellice Islands. One enemy plane was shot down by anti-aircraft fire. Material damage sustained was slight.

The end of the U. S. S. Yorktown is shown below.

82

October, 1943

WAR COMMUNIQUES September 16

COMMUNIQUE N O . 465

South Paciflc: (All dates are East L o n g i t u d e ) : 1.

O n September 13-14, during t h e n i g h t J a p a n e s e planes bombed t h e L u n g a Point Area on G u a d a l c a n a l Island.

Some m i n o r d a m a g e was sustained.

2. O n t h e same n i g h t a J a p a n e s e bomber a t t a c k e d U. S. positions on Russell Island, b u t caused n o d a m age.

3. No personnel casualties resulted from either of t h e above raids.

September 17, 1943 COMMUNIQUE N O .

466

1. T h e destroyer USS Rowan was sunk as t h e result of a n under water explosion in I t a l i a n waters on September 11, 1943.

2. T h e tug U S S Navajo was sunk a s t h e result of a n u n d e r water explosion in t h e South Paciflc a r e a on September 12, 1943.

3. T h e tug USS Nauset was sunk as a result of enemy action in t h e Medit e r r a n e a n on September 9, 1943.

4. Next of kin of all casualties a b o a r d t h e Nauset have been notifled.

T h e n e x t of kin of casualties aboard t h e Rowan a n d t h e Navajo will be notifled as soon as possible.

September 19, 1943

bombed G u a d a l c a n a l Island. Slight m a t e r i a l a n d personnel casualties were sustained.

September 23, 1943 COMMUNIQUE N O . 469

South Paciflc: (All dates are East L o n g i t u d e ) : 1.

On September 20, during t h e early morning, six J a p a n e s e planes bombed t h e vicinity of t h e air strip on G u a dalcanal. Light damage to material a n d installations was sustained. No casualties were suffered.

2. O n September 21, in t h e m o r n ing, about 12 or 16 enemy bombers were over G u a d a l c a n a l . Light d a m a g e a n d some casualties were sustained.

Two of t h e enemy planes were shot down by one of our flghters.

470

South Paciflc: (All dates are East L o n g i t u d e ) : 1.

During t h e morning of September 27, a U. S. reconnaissance plane engaged flve Zero flghters in t h e vicinity of N a u r u Island. One Zero was destroyed a n d one other was probably shot down.

October 1, 1943 COMMUNIQUE N O . 471

Mediterranean Area: 1. T h e mine layer, USS Skill was sunk on t h e morning of September 25, 1943, as t h e result of a n u n d e r -

September 21, 1943 COMMUNIQUE N O . 468

South Paciflc: 1. On September 19, in t h e early enemy planes morning, several

October 3, 1943 COMMUNIQUE No.

472

South Paciflc: 1. O n t h e n i g h t of September 30, a U. S. reconnaissance plane engaged nine Zero fighters fifteen miles n o r t h of N a u r u Island. One enemy plane was shot down.

October 6, 1943 COMMUNIQUE No.

473

1. T h e U. S. Coast G u a r d patrol craft, Wilcox, formerly a fishing vessel, foundered in a s t o r m off t h e Atlantic coast on September 30, 1943, a n d was lost. One crew m e m b e r is missing a n d his next of kin h a s been notified.

October 1, 1943 COMMUNIQUE No.

COMMUNIQUE N O . 467

South Pacific: 1. During t h e night of 15 September a J a p a n e s e plane bombed G u a dalcanal Island. Some minor damage was sustained a n d one m a n was i n jured.

w a t e r explosion in t h e Gulf of S a lerno. T h e n e x t of kin of all casualties in t h e Skill h a v e been notifled.

T h e U . S. S. Mississippi half buried between giant waves.

October 14, 1943 COMMUNIQUE N O . 474

North Paciflc: 1. O n October 13, ten J a p a n e s e bombers flew over Massacre Bay, Attu Island, a t great height a n d dropped bombs without causing d a m age. T h e r e was n o d a m a g e to t h e U. S. intercepting flghters or to e n emy planes.

Mediterranean Area: 2. T h e USS Buck, destroyer, was sunk off Salerno on October 9 as t h e result of a n u n d e r w a t e r explosion.

3. T h e USS Bristol, destroyer, was sunk in t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n on October 13 as t h e result of a n i m d e r w a t e r explosion.

4. T h e next of kin of all casualties aboard t h e USS Buck a n d t h e USS Bristol will be notifled by telegram immediately upon receipt of casualty reports.

School at Annapolis, and would nave graduated in the class of '23 if I had had the good formne of being a few years older before I received my appointment. It has been one of the regrets of my life that I did not finish at the Naval Academy. However, I have a son that is in the V 12 program at U. C. L. A. I tried to secure an appointment for him to the United States Naval Academy, but was unsuccessful. I have a younger son who is sixteen years old and I hope to have more success in securing an appointment for him, for it is his desire and mine that he graduate from Annapolis.

"Some of the names that I recaU in reading SHIPMATE are Lt. CoL MaxweU H. MizeU. I note also Ted L. Hasbrouck's article under the class of '23 in the last issue of SHIPMATE, and once in a whUe I receive a letter from Ranny Owsley who is at Great Lakes.

"I only wish that the Navy had a place for me, even at my age of forty, as I would certainly like to wear the "Blue and Gold' once again."

CHARLES "PUG" WAGGONER, '23, (Lt. Comdr., ( M C ) , USNR), writes from the U. S. Naval Hospital, Seattle ( 4 ) , Washington: ""I am an ex-member of the class of '23, having resigned after 2nd class cruise. After leaving the Naval Academy, I attended the U. of lUinois, graduating in 1923 and completing the medical coUege of the U. of IU. in 1926.

•'Since November, 1943, I have been stationed at the U. S. Naval Hospital, here at Seattle. I should like to contact some of my old classmates if there are any nearby. Crehan and Spahn, of the class of '24 have been in Seattle. I shotUd also like to see some of my teammates of the boxing squad from 1919 to 1921. "'It wUl be a pleasure to receive SHIPMATE and to stir up pleasant memories of plebe and youngster days."

WILLLAM T. RASSIEUR, '23 (Capt., U S N ) , now stationed at the U. S. Naval Air Station, Pamxent River, Maryland, writes: "I am enclosing a clipping which describes in a general way this new Naval Air Station, relatively close to Annapolis."

EVERETT H. BROWNE, '23, (Lt. Comdr., U S N ) , may be found at the U. S. Naval Training Station, Sampson, New York.

OCTOBER,

1943

GORDON F. BECKLER, '23 (Lt., USNR), is stationed at the Air Operations Department, Naval Air Station, Dutch Harbor, Alaska, FPO, Seattle, Washington.

BALCH B. WILSON, JR, '23, (Comdr., USN), should be addressed P. O. Box 1139, Encinitas, California, and sends up a verbal bouquet, which we appreciate muchly.

HARRY A. BOLLES, '23, (Capt., (CEC), USN), was kiUed in the hne of duty 18 July, 1943, in the accidental crash of a transport plane. At the time of his death he was on a tour of inspection, visiting the many Naval activities in the Aleutian Islands which the SeaBees had established in mrning back the threatened Jap invasion of these areas.

Captain BoUes' naval career started early in the first World War, when in 1917 he enlisted as an apprentice seaman and served with the fleet. He was selected from the ranks for appointment to the Naval Academy. He was outstanding at the Academy as both an athlete and a smdent.

He was officer in charge of construction of the principal facilities now used by the American forces at the British Isles, on December 7, 1941.

He was caUed back from his foreign duty to serve as the Executive Officer of the first U. S. Naval Construction Training Center. In this capacity he received the first SeaBees for mobilization and training and assumed a large part of the responsibility for the expansion of this corps from a concept of usefulness to a reality as one of the major forces of our armed services.

At the end of 1942, Captain BoUes was transferred from the training center to establish in the Bureau of Yards and Docks the new Division of Construction Battalion Training and Inspection.

The foUowing tribute to Captain BoUes' services was paid by Rear Admiral Ben MoreeU: "In the tragic death of Capt. Harry A. BoUes (CEC), USN, the CivU Engineer Corps and the Seabees have suffered a cruel and grievous blow.

Captain Bolles had just received his promotion to the rank of Captain. Captain BoUes' early association with the organization and training of the Sea Bees endeared him to many officers and men and constituted a contribution to the Sea Bees, the importance of which cannot be exaggerated.

"His death constimtes for those of

ta W e render tribute to N a v a l surgeons for their splendid work in the development of uses and applications of the metal Tantalum in surgery. As a result, splendid progress has been made and new developments are being reported almost continuously.

Tantalum is an elementary metal (Number 73 in the periodic series), characterized by its complete immunity to chemical attack by practically a[l reagents. All tests so for indicate that Tantalum is biologically inert, and may be used in the body with no irritation, corrosion, or unfavorable reaction whatever.

SURGICAL PRODUCTS TANTALUM WIRE—For nerve, tendon, bone a n d soft tissue sutures SHEET—For c r o n i o p i a s t y R I B B O N — F o r clips f o r hemostasis FOIL^—For n e u r o s u r g e r y PLATES A N D

SCREWS—Forfixa-

tion o f f r a c t u r e s

TANTALUM DEFENSE

CORPORATION

SURGICAL

DIVISION

Licensee of

FANSTEEL METALLURGICAL

CORPORATION

NORTH CHICAGO, ILUNOIS, U.S.A.

47

us who remain an added obligation to carry on the pioneer work by which he contributed so much. Let us, therefore, resolve to devote ourselves to the task in order that we may in some measure compensate for his absence."

"For exceptionaUy meritorious con- a major Task Force Commander in the duct in the performance of outstanding Pacific Area during the first ten months service to the Goverrunent of the Unit- of the current war. Your participation ed States in a position of great respon- in the actions of the MarshaUs and Gilsibility as commanding officer of a U. S. berts, Lae and Salamaua, Coral Sea, Midship. When a vessel was torpedoed and way, Occupation of Guadalcanal, and the subsequently abandoned by her crew, First Battle of the Solomons, was ^^24 ^^E E. ARISON, '24, Lieutenant Commander Rucker fearless- marked by intrepid performance of duty Comdr., USN), whose home ly taking his ship into waters known to in exposed battle station and while subaddress is 609 Monterey Avenue, W. An- be occupied by enemy submarines, con- jected to dive-bombing, air torpedo and napoUs, Maryland, after several months ducted a search for her. Upon locating submarine attacks by enemy Japanese of hospitalization in Oakland, California, the vessel, he skiUfuUy maneuvered his forces. and here at Alma Mater, now has left ship alongside, despite heavy seas, and ""For your coolness and efficiency unto assume tour of duty with R. O. T. C. placed a salvage crew aboard. During der fire you are hereby commended."

Unit, Rensselaer Polytechnic Instimte, the time repairs were being efi^ected, Troy, New York.

Lieutenant Rucker searched for and res1 9 2 5 DONALD A. BUSH, '25 (Lt. cued the greater part of the torpedoed (jg) USN-Ret.), is working MALIN CRAIG, Jr., '24, (Col, ship's crew, remrning them to their with the U. S. Weather Bureau in ButUSA), is with the 106th Division Ar- own vessel. Later, with expert profes- ler, Georgia. sional abUity, he directed the preparatiUery, Fort Jackson, South Carolina. tions for getting her underway and esKARL H. NONWEILER, '25, (Lt. BOYD E. WILSON, '24, is President corted her untU relieved. By his bril- Comdr., USNR), Service Schools Officer, of the Boyd E. Wilson and Company, liant initiative and unswerving devo- U. S. Naval Training Station, Sampson, Incorporated, Real Estate, 100 Fifth tion to duty he was successful in saving New York, writes: a valuable neutral ship and its cargo."

Avenue, New York City, writes: "I look forward to receiving SHIPThe Navy and Marine Corps citation: ""It is a real pleasure to receive the MATE, as it always includes interesting '"For heroic conduct and outstanding magazine SHIPMATE, and I particularly dope regarding classmates and othei devotion to duty as commanding officer enjoy reading "What's the Dope.'" friends in the service." of a U. S. ship in eff^ecting the salvage of another ship during the assault on and JAMES A. BUCHANAN, '24, JAY ALEX LANE, '25, (Capt, occupation of French Morocco in No(Comdr., USNR), leaves the Navy Devember, 1942. When a ship was torpe- USA), Headquarters XIII Corps, Fort partment, Washington, D. C, to become doed, Lieut. Commander Rucker, despite DuPont, Delaware, writes: Inspector of Naval Aircraft, Glenn L. "It looks as though I wiU be here for extremely adverse conditions, skiUfuUy Martin Company, Baltimore, Maryland. maneuvered his ship alongside to aid in a time. ""Hoxie Duckett told me that he saw keeping that vessel afloat by pumping, ROBERT S. HATCHER, '24, and maintained this position until aU his you a few days ago. I had hoped that I (Comdr., USN), gives his new address lines had beeii destroyed and his ship was could get to Annapolis while on tempoas 6 N. Alder Drive, Middle River, badly damaged. Exercising briUiant ini- rary duty in Washington, but was not Maryland. tiative and expert seamanship. Lieuten- able to do so.

"It seems rather strange for me to ant Commander Rucker organized and ALLEN P. CALVERT, '24, (Comdr., directed the entire salvage effort of the be on duty with the Army biit after USN), wiU receive mail addressed 2250 assisting ships and largely as a result of leaving Annapolis went into an ROTC N. Point, San Francisco 23, California. his keen executive ability, the torpedoed course at University of Alabama, and vessel was brought safely into port. His ended up with a Reserve Commission JAMES B. RICKETTS, '24, (Comdr., exemplary conduct and cool determina- under which I was ordered to duty. Had (SC), USN), is on duty at the Aviation tion in the face of great odds were in not taken very much interest in Reserve Supply Office, Naval Aviation Supply De- keeping with the highest traditions of affairs but stiU I had the commission and this prevented me from considering repot, Oxford Avenue and Martin's Mill the United States Naval Service." entering the Navy. In any event am in Road, Philadelphia, 11, Pa. the thing and can do what I can to SAMUEL E. LATIMER, '24 (Comdr., speed its conclusion. Do not hear much COLBY G. RUCKER, USN), whose official address is Cathe- about the Boston Chapter and things '24, (Comdr., USN), has dral Mansions North, 3100 Connecticut were fairly quiet when I was last there. been presented with the Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C, has Not many left around and those on duty Legion of Merit and the received a letter of commendation from are too busy."

Navy and Marine Corps the Secretary of the Navy for "gaUant Medal by the President of the United States for devotion to duty and courageous conduct" while serving JOHN D. REPPY, '25 (Comdr., and meritorious conduct in performance on the staff of Vice Admiral Frank Jack USN), gives his new address as 2225 S. of outstanding service in efi^ecting the Fletcher.

W. 17th Street, Miami, Florida.

The letter of commendation states: salvage of a ship during the assault on ""The Department has been informed the occupation of French Morocco last CLANTON E. AUSTIN, '25, (Lt. of your gaUant and courageous conduct Comdr., USN), whose home is DanNovember.

The citation accompanying the Le- while serving on the staff of Vice Ad- bury, Connecticut, has been advanced to gion of Merit foUows: miral Frank Jack Fletcher, U. S. Navy, the rank of Commander. He has been 48

SHIPMATE

a member of Admiral Halsey's staff for the past year. Prior to being assigned to staff duty he was gunnery officer aboard a battleship which saw much action in the South Pacific.

RALPH C WILSON, '25, should be addressed 417 N . E. 11th Street, Oklahoma Cit)% Oklahoma.

F. L JACOBS CO 1043 SPRUCE ST.

JESSE C. SOWELL, '25, (Comdr., USN), Barr Street, Lancaster, South Carolina, Commanding Officer of the USS M O F F E T T . has received a letter of commendation for the part he played and his vessel in the destruction of a German submarine: "The Commander in Chief, United States Atlantic Fleet, notes with much pleasure and gratification the report of the action of the USS M O F F E T T , when that ship assisted in the sinking of an enemy submarine and the capture of her crew. When you received information that an enemy submarine was being attacked by Navy patrol planes, you proceeded forthwith to the scene of action and promptly and accurately opened fire on the submarine. Direct hits were made on the submarine which then sank, leaving most of her crew in the water."

"The exceUent performance of your ship is dehvering this "coup de grace' and subsequently in rescuing the enemy survivors, is indicative of sound training and abUity. ""The Conunander in Chief, United States Atlantic Fleet, commends you for the aggressiveness, leadership, and exceUent performance of duty which you displayed during the action described.'

BARTON E. BACON, Jr., '25.

(Comdr., U S N ) , 1870 Sunset Boulevard.

San Diego, California, has been awarded the Navy Cross for service on submarine war patrols in the Pacific. His citation foUows: 'For extraordinary heroism as Commanding Officer of the USS

PICKEREL

during five war patrols in the Asiatic Theater of operations. Commander Bacon, with extreme tactical skill, on one occasion aggressively attacked a Japanese supply ship and a troop transport, sinking both enemy vessels. In other actions during those patrols Commander Bacon, by his exceUent judgment and outstanding ability, inflicted heavy damage on a number of Japanese ships. His inspiring leadership and fearless devotion to duty were in OCTOBER, 1943

DETROIT. MICH.

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DALLAS PLANT DETROIT MICHIGAN

49

keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."

JOHN O. LAMBRECHT, '25, (Comdr., USN), has recently been detached as assistant superintendent of aviation training, at the Naval Air Station, Corpus Christi, Texas.

1926

EUGENE F. MAY, '26,

(Comdr., USN), 1401 Floribunda Avenue, Burlingame, California, who is now on the USS out there, wrote before he left: "We are having a lot of fun seeing '26 people who seem to pop up out of nowhere. BiU Kenny is around and recently Ted Koby and Jim Brewer turned up with their wives and we had a few together. You probably have heard that Jim is making quite a name for himself and is now wearing three stripes with the rest of the class."

GEORGE E. SCHADE, '26, (Lt. Comdr., USN, Ret.), reports that he is now at the United States Submarine Base, New London, Cormecticut.

NILS G. FISCHER, '26, 1132 Stilford Avenue, Plainfield, N. J., writes along with his check: "It is in slight measure an indication of the enjoyment I derive from renewing from time to time the ties with my former shipmates through your most interesting journal."

wealth of Pennsylvania to practice con- Ship named the "SS JAMES McCoSH." suiting engineering."

Lucy has recently leit a ship, it having been torpedoed and sunk. Harriet and I visited with the LindeUsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;last year Lucy PETER W. MOURER, Jr., '26, should married a girl from New Rochelle, New be addressed c/o Austin W. Earl, ConYork.

Lucy looked fine, was heartily ensulting Engineer, 233 Sansome Street, joying life and I know is a very comSan Francisco, California. petent skipper of one of our fine new FONDEVILLE L. TEDDER, '26, merchant ships.

(Comdr., USN), 503 North Washing"I am pleased with the semp here in ton Street, Shelby, North Carolina, has Newport. The housing situation has not been commended by the Commander in changed but the War College is excelChief of the Atlantic Fleet for the part lent." played by him and his vessel in the destruction of a German submarine. â&#x20AC;˘ PAUL D. MILES, '27, (Lt. Comdr., "The Commander in Chief, United USNR), should be addressed 707 Berry States Atlantic Fleet, notes with much Street, Falls Church, Virginia. pleasure and gratification the report of the action of the USS JOUETT, when that WILLIAM N. ASHFORD, Jr., '27, ship assisted in the sinking of an enemy (Comdr., USN), is Air Operations Offisubmarine and the capmre of her crew. cer Staff, Commander South Pacific, When you received information that an writes: enemy submarine was being attacked by "I have just read the June edition of Navy patrol planes, you proceeded forth- SHIPMATE, which by the way, is quite with to the scene of action and prompt- a volume and fiUs a great need in the ly and accurately opened fire on the sub- fleet; congramlations." marine. Direct hits were made on the submarine which then sank, leaving most GEORGE A. LANGE, '27, from out of her crew in the water. there, writes: ""The excellent performance of your "'Just can't say enough for SHIPMATE ship in delivering this "coup de grace' as a means of keeping in touch with and and subsequently in rescuing the enemy keeping informed about my friends, survivors, is indicative of sound train- shipmates and companions and the Navy ing and abUity. in general."

"The Commander in Chief, United States Atlantic Fleet, commends you for JOHN E. CLARK, '27, (Comdr., the aggressiveness, leadership, and ex- USN), is with the Aircraft Armament cellent performance of duty which you Unit, U. S. Naval Air Station, Pamxent displayed during the action described." River, Maryland.

SAMUEL W. EATON, '26, gives his correct address as 532 Shoreham BuildETHERIDGE GRANT, '26, (Comdr., ing, Fifteenth and H. Streets, N. W., USN), early in August took over the Washington 5, D. C. job of Assembly and Repair officer at WALLACE J. MILLER, '26, (Comdr., the Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, USN), requests his address be changed Florida.

Commander Grant has been in the to 141 Lafayette Avenue, Annapolis, thick of hostilities since the outbreak Md. of the war and was commanding officer ROY N. HAMRICK, '26, gives his of the USS PRESTON, seaplane tender address as 239 Fremont Avenue, Ken- for PBY's. more 17, New York.

1997 RANDOLPH B. "RANDY" JOHN J. LANDERS, '26, now a con'^' B O Y E R , '27, (Comdr., sulting engineer, with offices in the Cros- USN), stationed at the Naval War Colby Building, 170 Franklin Street, Buffalo lege, Newport, Rhode Island, resides at 2, New York, writes: 78 Kay Street, Newport, writes: "Have you heard anything about E. "As you know, I was disabled in my youngster year at Annapolis and re- D. LindeU (Lucy) in the last few years? signed. However, I have continued my Since I saw you I visited Harriet's sister engineering and business education at in Baltimore and while there visited a the MiUard Fillmore CoUege, University shipbuilding plant where, Harriet's of Buffalo, as a result of which I have brother-in-law is employed (Gminder, been licensed by the University of the ex '24). He told me about Lucy who had state of New York and the Common- just taken command of a new Liberty 50

VERYL F. FRYE, '27, 1708 Indiana Avenue, LaPorte, Indiana, writes: "The July issue of SHIPMATE has just been finished and I want to congramlate you and your editors on a fine piece of work. I think your choice of articles is fine and it looks like your next issue wiU also merit a nice big "E". "'And may I also add my vote to those of others who have suggested that the stories of our Classmates be gathered up and published in SHIPMATE when it is possible to do so."

JULIAN D. GREER, '27, (Comdr., USN), is at present at the Naval Air Station, Lake City, .Florida.

JOHN L. EWING, '27, (Comdr., USN), reports that he has enjoyed SHIPMATE SO much since he has been in Alaska. It has been a means of keeping in touch with what is going on elsewhere from that remote spot.

SHIPMATE

ALAN SHAPLEY, ' 2 / , (Lt. Col., "Hope this finds you well, Harry, and XP2H-1. On January 15,1935 he made a feeling as proud as I am of the splendid 25-hour non-stop flight from NorfoUc, USMC), from censored, writes: "I have been enjoying SHIPMATE for showing of so many of our classmates in Virginia to the Panama Canal Zone, for which he won commendation. For dismany many months now. Especially out the combat areas." tinguished service in the line of his prohere where I have been so long and the mail service isn't too good.

HENRY LUONGO, '27, (Lt. Col., fession as commander of Fighting Squad""I am in good shape and so is the Bn. USA), may be reached at Headquarters, ron Three, John was awarded the Navy which I have. About ready to go again. 263rd Infantry, Camp Joseph T. Robin- Cross.

Run into lots of our classmates here and son, Arkansas. there. Sorry that our paths haven't crossed ALFRED R. TRUSLOW, Jr., '27, for so long. Must wait until after the (Comdr., USN), recently reported to THURSTON B. CLARK, 27, (Cdr., Tokio parade I suppose."

Cuddihy Field as commanding officer.

USN) is stationed at the Naval Air StaAfter graduating from the Academy his tion, Patuxent River, Maryland. first assignment was aboard the USS N E W WILLIAM H. ""BILL" CUZNER, '27, MEXICO, then to the USS SINCLAIR. In (Lt., USNR), from the Naval Air GunEDWARD H. ECKELMEYER, '27, 1929 he entered flight training at Penners School, Hollywood, Florida, writes: (Cdr., USN), should be addressed c/o sacola and completed the course in "I came back into the service last Herman Aspegren, North Shore Point, 1930.

October; attended The Aviation Free Norfolk 8, Virginia.

Gunnery Instructors School at Pensacola, Since he has served with VS-1 aboard and was sent here as a gunnery instrucWILLIAM A. DEAM, '27, also has the Langley and Saratoga, with VS-5 tor. I am now Communications Officer been promoted to Commander. During aboard the USS MARBLEHEAD, as comhere, and am very happy to be back in his career with the Navy has seen service manding officer of the USS SWAN, as uniform, and to be doing whatever I in the Asiatic and Panama Canal Zones assistant A. and R. officer at NAS, Pearl Harbor, as inspection and test officer at as well as on the West Coast. can to further the war effort.

Pensacola, with patrol squadron 4 and 9 "'Have seen Tommy Hamilton and Alan Montgomery since I have been here JOHN S. THACH, '27, another of '27 as gunnery officer on the staff commandand hope, if the pressure lets up, to get to be promoted to Commander. John ing patrol wing 2, and more recently as around and see some of the other mem- qualified as a naval aviator at Pensacola, officer in charge of the aviation training bers of the class of '27 who are in the and in 1935 had command of the largest department at the Main Station, Corpus patrol plane of that era, the U. S. Navy Christi. vicinity.

W e here at Maxson's — fifteen hundred of us — are doing our best to develop and produce good weapons for the Navy — on time.

THE W. L. MAXSON CORPORATION W. L. MAXSON, U.S.N.A. '21, PRES. Originators and Manufacturers of Precision Instruments in the Electrical and Mechanical Fields

460 WEST 3 4 t h STREET. N E W Y O R K . N. Y.

OCTOBER, 1943

51

Commander Truslow has been aboard NATC since January 1,1943.

THOMAS OLIN OBERRENDER, Jr., (Lt. Comdr., USN). Services were held for Commander Oberrender, Saturday, September 25 th, Requiem Mass at St. Margarets Mary Catholic Church, Excelsior and Emerson Sts., 10 A.M., Oakland, California.

Commander Oberrender was declared kiUed in action November 13th 1942 by the Secretary of the Navy July 19th, 1943 instead of missing in action as previously reported. Enemy action during the sinking of the USS JUNEAU, Solomon Islands.

He received the Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal 1929—Yangtze Service Medal 1930—Expert Pistol Medal —American Defense Service Medal— Fleet Clasp December 7th, 1941—American Area Campaign Medal—African Area Campaign Medal—Asiatic Campaign Medal—Pacific Area Campaign Medal and awarded the Purple Heart for Military Merit. He is the son of the late Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Olin Oberrender of Du Bois, Pennsylvania, and grandson of the late Thomas Olin Oberrender who fought in the Battle of Gettysburg and is the brother of Major Graaf R. Oberrender, U. S. Army. His marriage to Muriel Colthurst took place July 13, 1932, daughter of the late Judge and Mrs. John E. Colthurst, a prominent Oakland family.

EDWARD J. MARTIN, '28, is man- USN), from the Submarine Base, New ager of the New York Metropolitan De- London, Connecticut, states: partment of The Phoenix Insurance "After a reasonably successful tour in Company, 17th Floor, 110 William St., the Pacific am here as an instructor in New York City, and reports his home the Submarine Prospective Commanding address as 23 Heatherbloom Road, White Officers' School."

Plains, New York.

THOMAS B. POWELL, (Lt., USWILLIAM W. SHEA, '28, (Lt. N R ) , is on duty at the Naval Air StaComdr., USN), asks that SHIPMATE be tion, Livermore, California. sent to 4420 Windom Place, N. W., Washington 16, D. C, and adds: JOE C. RIGBY, '29, makes his home ""I have been ordered to sea on an air- at 1517 Sunny HiU Lane, Upper Darby, Pennsylvania. craft carrier."

IDRIS B. MONAHAN, '28, Office of Supervisor of Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia, writes: "Have been ordered to this office for shore duty after finishing up some 30 months in the "Big E,' to say nothing of a 7 months interim period in various hospitals from Norman to San Diego."

DAVID L. M C D O N A L D , '28, has recently been promoted to the rank of Commander. Dave has been aboard various ships since graduation, and in 1930 he took up naval aviation at Pensacola, after that for three years he was a member of a fighter squadron aboard the USS SARATOGA. Then he spent a year of service as an aviator in a light cruiser and three years of service at Pensacola as chief flight instmctor in fighters and assistant to the superintendent of aviation training. After that three years in pig boat squadrons in the Alaskan area.

1^28 J- SEEGAR HEAVILIN, '28, For a year before he went to Jacksonwith the Editorial Office of viUe he was the aide and flag secretary Paramount News, 544 West 43rd Street, for Rear Admiral A. B. Cook when he New York City, writes: was commander aircraft Atlantic Fleet.

"Seeing thousands of feet of newsreel coverage every week from aU over the JOHN LEON COLLIS, world, I frequently see some of the gang '28, (Comdr., USN), who from USNA on the screen, and often my cameramen have run into them in successfuUy mined an area the damnedest places. One of my men in the Solomon Islands, ran into Hank Duborg up in Argentia, despite superior Japanese another saw Klakring in the far South forces which were closing Pacific. It's quite a bang to me to see in, has been awarded the Legion of Merit Joe Gish up there on my projection room at a ceremony aboard a warship at Pearl Harbor. screen. '"My home address is 639 West 173rd "^^^" CARLSON, '29, (Lt. Street, Apt. 11 A, New York 32, New 1 9 2 9 Comdr., USN), from the York."

USS writes: "I enjoy SHIPMATE very much and HUGH R. ALLBEE, '28, lists his adsure look forward to its arrival on board." dress as 1162 Jennings Road, Fairfield,

SAMUEL A. LINCOLN, '29, (Lt., USNR), may be reached at 5800 11th Street, North, Arlington, Virginia. .

STANLEY C. STRONG, '29, recently promoted to the rank of Commander.

After graduation he spent one year on a cruiser, he took flight training at Pensacola in 1930 and finished in 1931.

After that he served for three years in China and the Philippines, then for two years he was a flight instructor at Pensacola before joining the USS ENTERPRISE where he served for four and onehalf years as squadron and ship's officer.

W. JACKSON GALBRAITH, '29, (Lt. Comdr.), a prisoner of war since the cruiser H O U S T O N was sunk in the Java Sea, made a short wave broadcast from Tokyo in August saying ""Don't worry about me, but concentrate on your duties and think of the happy days to come."

The family has received a copy of the broadcast from the War Department, with the warning that it is not official, only propaganda.

"I have been in Japan since May 1942.

I came here with Commander Maher, but we were separated in the spring. He's in another camp with Lt. Conunanders Hurt and Glirm. They would appreciate it if you would inform their wives that they are weU. None of the Americans here have heard from home for over a year and a half, and hope that by these broadcasts, they may expedite an exchange of reassuring news. '"Many letters have arrived for the British Empire officers and men. Two Red Cross food parcels have reached us and you can imagine how much they were appreciated. When you write, be Connecticut.

EDWARD W. FRIESS, '29, reports sure to enclose some snapshots as I lost WILLIAM F. RABORN, Jr., '28, (Lt. his address—604 Washington Street, aU mine when the H O U S T O N went down.

Comdr., USN), does his bit in Room Alhambra, California.

Many Americans from Corregidor are 4809, Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Dehere and I hear that Tom Davis (Compartment, Washington, D. C. ROY S. BENSON, '29, (Comdr., mander Galbraith's cousin from Brent52

SHIPMATE

wood, Tenn.) is weU. Please let me repeat, do not worr)'. I grow more confident every day that everything will mrn out aU right. AU my love, Jackson."

RICHARD R. BALLINGER, "29, (Comdr., U S N ) , has been recently named assistant superintendent of aviation training at Corpus Christi, Texas.

He received his wings at Pensacola, Florida, in 1913, and since has served aboard various ships and stations including dut\- at Sitka, Dutch Harbor, and Kodiak, Alaska. He was also a member of the Electoral Mission to Nicaragua from 1930-32, helping to supervise the elections in that countr)'.

In 1935 he participated in the first mass flight from Pearl Harbor to Midway Island.

He was at Pearl Harbor dming the attack on December 7, 1941, and in June.

1942, was detached for duty at Corpus Christi.

1930

EDMUND S. L. MAR-

**" SHALL, '30, (Comdr., U S N ) , somewhere "out there" sends a contribution along with the message "a little late.' [Ed. Note: SHIPMATE'S slogan—

"Never too late." We learn that "Tubby" Santa Rita OU and Gas Company, Cut is now on terra firma for a brief visit.]

Bank, Montana: "Better late than never, maybe. Thanks HARRY C. ""STEVE" STEVENSON, for "carrying me on the cuff for so long.'"

'30, (Comdr., USN), from the USS gives us the foUowing verbal WALTER C MOSES, '30, (Lt. (jg), boost: USNR), whose home address is 704 "The Alumni Association is certainly Gladstone Avenue, Baltimore 10, Marydoing a grand job with SHIPMATE. It is land, writes from the Naval Air Station, the best Navy magazine we have from JacksonviUe, Florida: ever)' standpoint and is just as interest""Some thirty of us, after finishing the ing to our Reserve officers as the regu- Navy Supply Corps School (Babson Unit) came down here to NAS for adlars. ""I tmst that too much time does not ditional instraction in Aviation Supply. elapse before I get back to the school." Soon we fan out to various independent activities drawing from JacksonviUe. ""I expect to be at Lake City, Florida, GEORGE E. 'SQUEAK' MARLX, "30 (Comdr., USN), from the USS for two weeks, and then—?.-* "'A. E. Bernet, out of '26 is back in the "Sorr)' that my contribution is so late but I have been pretty much on the service. He is a reserve Ueutenant here— move for the last few years. It has been SpecificaUy, "officer in charge, smdent over three years since I have been back officers.' Bernet said "Bim' Graf is Usted to the states so expect that I wiU soon as missing—his dope was from SHIPbe on my way. Enjoy SHIPMATE very MATE lying on his desk. He was a good much for it is so hard these days to keep company commander. track of aU your friends. Give my best ""My regards to aU hands at the next to any of thirty that you might mn into Aliunni dinner in Baltimore — Jack, around town."

Legare (a classmate of mine), etc."

ALBERT ""AL" WEST, '30, Box 278,

JOHN M. LEWIS, '30, (Lt. Comdr.,

Hnchor has a mighty g r i p T

so has

miRHIlE HDHESIUE TO GRIP AND BOND jfSfeel, glass, cork, fibre, tile, w a i l b o a r d , concrete, brick, etc. . . . without bolts, screws, nails or shields.

/i>UtUf. tf»un. oMte^iiAe pAoMe4H4, ta uA.

MIRACLE

OCTOBER, 1943

ADHESIVES

CORP.

261 Fabyon piece, Nework. N . J.

53

USN, Ret.), lists his address as 210 S. 11th Street, Chickasha, Oklahoma.

of the best known heroes of the war in the Pacific and was the first submarine commander to be awarded a navy cross.

WILLIAM H. (BILL) HYDE, Jr., The award was for his exploit of break'30, (Lt. (jg), USNR), Office of the ing up a Japanese convoy getting sevInspector of Naval Material, Park Square eral destroyers and transports, by hiding in Lingayen Gulf, early in the war.

Building, Boston 16, Mass., writes: "Just a note to state that I am "back in' at the above duty address.

HARRY SMITH, '30, (Comdr., "It is hard to realize that 17 years USN), whose official address is 2700 have gone by since you growled at me Connecticut Avenue, N. W., Washingand pinched the cheeks of my roommate ton, D. C, served as Flag Lieutenant and Peyt Wirtz.

Aide to Vice Admiral Fletcher, has been ""W. T. Cluversion, Jr., non-grad of sent a letter of commendation for his '30 is now a Lt. Comdr. in the Reserve "gaUant and courageous conduct" while on active duty in Florida." serving under Vice Admiral Fletcher.

FRANCIS E. BARDWELL, '30, (Comdr., USN), is on duty out of the country at the present, but his home address is 6 Manchester Road, Tuckahoe 7, New York.

PETER H. HORN, '30, (Comdr., USN), whose home address is 3231 North Woodstock Street, Philadelphia, Peimsylvania, has been awarded the Silver Star Medal for service in the engagement ofiF the Komandorski Islands on March 26, 1943, in which an American task group defeated a far stronger Japanese force.

The citation accompanying the award foUows: "For conspicuous gaUantry and intrepidity as Commanding Officer of a United States destroyer in action against enemy Japanese naval forces oflF the Komandorski Islands on March 26,1943.

During an engagement which continued without respite for three and a half hours with an enemy force of far superior strength, he, with keen judgment and expert seamanship, played a vital part in the action of our task group. SkiUfuUy maneuvering his ship to avoid enemy 8inch salvos which fell close to her, he was able to lay protecting smoke screens and to assist in driving ofiF hostile ships with relentless gunfire or with threat of torpedo attacks. By his exemplary conduct and steadfast devotion to duty he rendered invaluable aid in turning back the superior Japanese force, thereby thwarting a desperate attempt to deliver urgently needed supplies to enemy troops in the Aleutian Islands."

WREFORD GOSS "MOON" CHAPPLE, '30, (Comdr., USN), has remrned to Annapolis, holder of two navy crosses and a silver star medal. He is one 54

Hope the paper shortage doesn't put a crimp in your style.

"Have run into quite a few of the boys in these parts, including those fresh-caught, classmates, and old timers who are in harness again. "'Good luck to you aU." SCHERMERHORN VAN MATER, '31, (Lt. Comdr., USN), from the Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Florida, reports: "What's cooking in Annapolis.-' "AU's quiet here except for damned hard work. I have one of the patrol plane squadrons down here and we are grinding them out."

The letter foUows: "The Department has been informed of your gallant and courageous conduct while serving on the staflF of Vice Admiral Frank Jack Fletcher, U. S. Navy, a major Task Force Commander in the Pacific Area during the first ten months of the current war. Your participations in the actions of the Marshalls and Gilberts, Lae and Salamaua, Coral Sea, Midway, Occupation of Guadalcanal, and the First Battle of the Solomons, was marked by intrepid performance of duty in exposed battle station and while subjected to dive-bombing, air torpedo and submarine attacks by enemy Japanese forces.

"For your coolness and efficiency under fire you are hereby commended."

TOMMY KURTZ, '31, writes from out on the blue: "Bob Magaffin and I were shipmates at one time but he is now back in the states having flown back to teach the fumre admirals of Uncle Sam. "'Your magazine has been sweU, it is the only way we can keep up with our classmates, other than those in the area.

"In the last few days I have seen the foUowing classmates: "Mike Myers—Skipper of his^ own tin can, "'Demo DeMotropolis—^Exec of one of the newest tin cans, "Mike Wood—Big staflFer and gunnery officer, "'Red McKee—A real gunnery officer on a cruiser, 1 O^ 1 KENNETH C. BERTHOLD, ""Bob Putnam—^Navigator on the same ' ''^' '31, (Lt., USNR), 316 N. cruiser, Oakland Street, Arlington, Va., writes: '"Bobby Jones—A squadron com"In since March 6, 1943 and stationed mander of Avengers." in the Detail Section of Bu Pers ordering newly commissioned officers to their STANLEY J. SLATER, '31, gives his first tour of duty—however, better send new address as 33 Beal Street, Hingham, SHIPMATE to 236 Birchwood Road, W. Massachusetts.

Englewood, New Jersey."

GEORGE K. MACKENZIE, Jr., '31, (Lr. Comdr., USN), 202 Pequot AveFRED S. COHAN, '31, 42 Chandler nue, New London, Connecticut, has been Street, Belmont, Massachusetts, reports awarded the Navy Cross by the Presithat he and Mrs. Cohan are the proud dent of the United States, the citation parents of twin boys, Mark Paul and accompanying the award foUows: Mortimer Stephen. The fumre midshipmen arrived July 27, 1943. '"For extraordinary heroism and courageous devoCHARLES T. STRAUB, '31, (Lt. tion to duty as CommandComdr., USN), sailed into the office to ing Officer of the USS TRIreport new address—Department Ord- TON during the sixth war nance and Gunnery, U. S. Naval Acad- patrol of that vessel in emy, Annapolis, Maryland. enemy controUed waters.

With daring and skiUful Commander CHARLES M. HOWE, '31, (Lt. seamanship, Lieutenant MacKenzie maneuvered his ship into Comdr., USN), from the USS effective striking position and atwrites: "The spare iron men are all yours. tacked an enemy convoy, sitiking several You boys are doing a damn fine job. ships of the convoy and damaging others.

SHIPMATE

Lieutenant Commander MacKenzie's in- was M. C. Mumma, '25. Have also seen spiring leadership and the exceUent per- Betts, '31 and CraighiU, '32. formance of duty of his command were "I haven't been back to Annapolis in keeping with the highest traditions of since 1933 and I surely hope to visit it the United States Naval Service." at the first oppormnity to see aU of the changes. My cousins in '27 and '29 are GEORGE E. PECKHAM, 31, (Lt. both on active duty."

Comdr., U S N ) , from the USS sends best wishes for SHIPMATE and WILLIAM A. STUART, '32, (Lt. regards to all the '3 lets.

Comdr., USN), aboard the USS reports his home address as 1745 Fon1 9 3 9 J째^^ '^- WEST, '32, (Lt., tainbleau Cres., Norfolk 5, Virginia. ' '^^ U S N R ) , Severna Park, Maryland, bids fareweU to Alma Mater and RICHARD D. HARWOOD, '32, (Lt. departs for sea duty. He is exec officer Comdr., USN), reports on himself: of a P. C. "I am now on duty in the Bureau of Naval Personnel after having spent a J O H N L. COUNIHAN, '32, (Lt. period of time in destroyers on the South Comdr., U S N ) , should be addressed 51st Pacific. Lieutenant Commander W. M. Street, Virginia Beach, Virginia.

Holmes has recently reported for duty here in the Bureau."

OSCAR A. HEINLEIN, '32, (Lt. CoL), from somewhere in New Guinea, HARRY HULL, '32, (Lt. Comdr., writes via V-Mail: USN), just recently remrned from com""The AprU SHIPMATE was finaUy for- manding a submarine in the Southwest warded to me and I appreciated it and Pacific, has married Miss Louisa Cathits interesting news. I have been over- erine Adams Clement. The bride is a seas with the Air Corps for over a year direct decendent of John Quincy Adams. now.

CLARENCE M. WHITE, ""Have met several Academy men. My 1 9 3 3 Jr., (Lt. Comdr., USN), comtentmate for a while here in the jungle ' '^"^

mander of a Navy fighter plane squadron, and his men have been credited with shooting down at least 31 Japanese dive bombers and fighters over and near Guadalcanal, June 16.

The action took place in a great air battle fought around Guadalcanal when the Japanese came over to attack American instaUations just before the start of the Munda campaign. Editor's note: Nice work "Crafty," SHIPMATE salutes yoiL We have just learned that "Crafty," after a brief visit on the West Coast, has left for somewhere in the Pacific. He is now Aide to Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, USN. ROBERT E. MAGOFFIN, '33, (Lt. Comdr., USN), recently completed tour of sea duty and is now busily engaged in Department of Marine Engineering here at Alma Mater. Occupies Quarters F-2, Perry Circle, U. S. N. A. WILLIAM G. CAMERON, '33, (1st Lt., AUS), from the 13th General Hospital, Los Angeles, California, writes: ""Your magazine is so popular with my family that by the time it reaches me it has been thoroughly read and re-read.

It is great to hear about my classmates

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on our tenth anniversary. ""As for myself, I've ended up in the A. U. S. after getting an M. D. at the U. of Chicago and Rush Medical CoUege.

Have been married two years and have a baby daughter one month old.

"The Blue and Gold stiU rate tops with me and the whole gang here are hoping to see something of the high seas."

ROBERT R. ANDERSON, '33, may be reached at 6034 North Kent Street, Whitefish Bay, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

LEWIS M. DAVIS, Jr., '33, (Lt. Comdr., USN), Public Works Department, Headquarters, San Juan, Puerto Rico, writes: ""No change in location now for more than 22 months though it may be presumed that I am a short timer here. ""For some strange reason less than a handful of '33 boys have put in their appearance here even though this is considered as a sort of Navy crossroads.

"If anyone knows the address of "Speedy' Fernald's parents I would appreciate his forwarding it to me."

WALTER S. BOBO, Jr., '33, (Lt. (jg), USN, Ret.), reports a new address, 2017 Linden Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee.

ROBERT A. VOGELER, '33, 240 South Seventh Avenue, LaGrange, lUinois, writes: "At this time I wish to advise you that after September 1 1 1 wiU be employed

by Libby McNeil and Libby Company, Packers and Exchange Avenues, Union Stock Yards, Chicago, lUinois. '"IncidentaUy, Ed. Wilkie of the class of '21 is the Vice-President there.

"Recently, I had a very nice visit from Charles Curtze, '33, who is now stationed somewhere in the Pacific. He, like most of our friends, has had some very interesting experiences. ""We who are not in the Service, are trying to do our bit at home but unformnately it seems like our efforts in comparison, are very smaU."

of Naval Personnel, Navy Department, Washington, D. C.

NORMAN J. DRUSTRUP, '33, (Lt. JAMES OLIVER BROWN, '33, (Capt., AUS), is on duty at 2E540, The Comdr., CEC, USN), send a fine contriPentagon, Washington, D. C. bution, which we certainly appreciate, and adds: ""Thanks for a sweU magazine. SHIPJOHN A. GAMON, '33, (Lt. Comdr., MATE comes regularly and is enjoyed by USN), writes: "After finaUy getting some active duty all hands out here." and getting away from the Country Club WARD F. HARDMAN, '33, (Lt. at JacksonviUe have found time to forget about home expenses and biUs and Comdr., USN), and Mrs. Hardman, anwith a guilty conscience am sending this nounce the birth of their daughter, CamiUe Lome, on August 26 at the Naval for past few years of SHIPMATE. ""Ran into both W. F. A. Wendt and Hospital, Oakland, California.

MacMaster who I hadn't seen since '33JOHN A. TYREE, '33, (Lt. Comdr., "Best wishes to a dandy publication USN), 216 Virginia Avenue, DanviUe, and best of luck."

Virginia, has been awarded the Silver Star Medal for service performed aboard PORTER BEDELL, '33, (Lt. Comdr., submarines on war patrol in the Pacific.

USN), reports: The citation accompanying the award "I have been out "Somewhere in Australia' so long I am beginning to feel foUows: "For conspicuous gallike an Aussie. There are a few others in '33 out in this locality. I have seen Russ lantry and intrepidity as Kefauver, Al Clark, Tom Christopher, Commanding Officer of a Scotty CampbeU, Bob Bowen, Don United States submarine Fuller, and Clint Guebbs which is a fair during an aggressive and successful submarine war representation of the class." patrol in enemy-controUed waters. TakLEO ERCK, '33, (Lt. Comdr., ing fuU advantage of every favorable atUSNR), reports that he is about to leave tack oppormnity, Lieutenant Commandthe continental limits of the United er Tyree, with courageous skiU and effiStates, but he wiU receive mail addressed ciency, succeeded in sinking an imporc/o Mail and Dispatch Section, Office of tant amount of Japanese shipping. His Naval Intelligence, Navy Department, superb seamanship and conscientious devotion to duty were in keeping with the Washington, D. C. highest traditions of the United States Naval Service."

MAURICE B. BROWN, '33, (Lt. Comdr., USN), may be reached in care of Commander Landing Craft, Atlantic Amphibious Force, Little Creek, Virginia.

ROBERT Z. T. (MARK) ANTHONY,'33, (Lt. (jg), USNR), from North Africa, sends this along: "After reading the list of those who have contributed, which you so thoughtfuUy publish I thought I had best join them, especially since I enjoy your magazine so much. ""As you may see I, being a strucmral engineer by profession, am now in the CHARLES E. KING, '33, (Lt. 54th Sea Bees, doing what I can for the Comdr., USN), has left Alma Mater for war effort in a field in which I'm best sea duty. Mailing address will be c/o qualified.

Mrs. Charles E. King, Los Alamos, Calif.

"There's a lot of Navy over here but N. A. Alumni are very scarce.

H.

ALEXANDER

MACDONALD,

'33, (Lt. Comdr., USN, Ret.), states that his address has recently been changed to Room G077, Arlington Annex, Bureau 56

versity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

THOMAS E. NORRIS, '33, (Lt. Comdr., USNR), gives his latest address as Naval R. O. T. C. Unit, Uni-

1934

BY SAMMY BRADBARD

Lt. Comdr., USN

Another newsy letter from Jack and Mona Bain which informs us thatâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; "We heard from Roy Smith, now in Miami Beach (SCTG), that Sm Stephens was killed in a crash, three weeks ago (mid-July) in California. He was skipper of a Squadron and crashed into another plane in a cloud. Lou and children enroute Smith family at Newport. ""Sam, why isn't Frank Tharin ever mentioned in the SHIPMATE casualty lists.' He was taken prisoner after his exploits on Wake Island, taken to Tokyo and at last report was in a Jap prison camp near Shanghai. Understand Betty has heard from him several times via Geneva Red Cross. What do you know about it?"

M O N A AND JACK B A I N

Frank's exploits in helping to sink a SHIPMATE

Jap cruiser and his decoration were written up last year in SHIPMATE, also the fact that he is a prisoner.

Perhaps the above letter wiU help to correct the casualty Ust by caUing the Editor's attention to same.

We're sincere in thinking that the Bains might weU take over the '34 column. Mona and Jack do get around to see everyone. Theirs has been "open house" wherever they've been, and few, if any, pass through (Norfolk, Naval .\ir Station, N o w ) , without dropping in on them; and everyone is royaUy welcomed.

Their letters, always fuU of news, are greatly welcomed, both by us and the class as a whole. Many, many thanks.

Keep em coming!

Bumped into E. B. "Rit" Rittenhouse in Washington last month and enjoyed a most pleasant chat with him. Rit has been ""champing at the bit' since the war began and is most happy at the prospect of remming to sea duty.

Rit is one of our four (4) classmates who have been in Motor Torpedo Boats from way back. The others being R. C. Sam" Houston, John "SUver" Harlee and "Westy" Westholm. Rit is going to sea either in a DE or a DD.

Bob "Sam" Houston has been in Washington since the War began, as has been L. R. "Bob" Schulz.

AU three left for sea duty in September.

And—if our deductions are correct (it's the Sherlock in us) "Bud" Slack too has gone to sea.

Seen in the A. & N. Journal, "Mrs. Slack, wife of Lt. Comdr. L. M. Slack, and their infant daughter, Lila Trenholm, are staying with Mrs. Slack's parents, Dr. and Mrs. Walton Hopkins at Aimapolis, Maiyland."

Smooth Saihng You AU! John "Silver" Harlee is now in the war zone serving as Squadron Commander of a Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron.

And "Westy" Westholm has fleeted up from Squadron Commander to Operations Officer for a motor Torpedo Boat FlotiUa. Nice going, feUah! Al Kilmartin who retmrned to the states from China in the Second Exchange of Prisoners is now on duty in Washington. Happy to learn of your return, Al. In addition to the others previously mentioned, Craig "Red" Garth and George "Chick" Parsons and June Hobbs

have been seen in Washington diuring September. "Chick" only recently reported for dut}' there. Hobbs is now a Lt. (jg), (SC), USNR. And the latest of our heroes to be decorated is W. W. "BUI" "Red" WaUcer, a submarine sailor, who is the recipient of the SUver Star Medal.

Another Motor Torpedo Boat SaUor is "Russ" AUen, he being the 5 th member of our class in M. T. B's. Russ has a squadron.

"Butch" Harbold finaUy got loose from Washington and is now at SCTC, Miami, preparing for sea duty. Congratulations, Butch!!

We're sorry to aimounce the addition of another name on the Ust of those who have given their lives in ovu: country's service— Creighton Lambert Wheeler, Lt., USNR, previously reported missing, now officiaUy dead.

'34 is doing right weU as far as having "Command" biUets goes— C. O.'s of new and old subs, new and old destroyers, destroyer escorts, airplane squadrons, seaplane tenders, and M. T. B. squadrons, and PC boats.

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You C. O.'s are the envy of the rest of us!

I made a "flying" visit to Annapolis during September and in the space of a few hours bumped into ""Bob" Ohver, Johnny Geist and PaiU Savidge.

Enjoyed a delicious luncheon with "Bob" and ""Lola" OUver and their yoimg son Bobby, and what a ""buU" session.

'34 is certainly in force at the Alma Mater.

The above three, ""Gus" Maddox, ""Eli" Ritson, John McGiUis, Fletcher Sheffield, Don Pugh, ""Sleepy" Bourke, ""Eddie" Fleck, ""Fid" Murray, George Pittard and Jimmy Clute, the latter taking an ordnance course at P. G. School.

Get behind that footbaU team, gang, and push!

Editor's note:-—""Fid" is now known by the midshipmen as the ""Scoutmaster."

FRANK G. MARSHALL, Jr., '34, (Lt. Comdr., USN), whose home address is 350 Monrovia Avenue, Long Beach 3, California, is now doing a tour of sea duty.

duty after a long siege of desk work.

Sam Brown is at Opalocka Air Base in charge of flight training—looking not a whit different from his days at the Navy School.

George MiUer, '33, is skipper of one of the school's DE's now, and we hear, is quite popular with the student command groups.

Have just finished the general course at SCTC myself and am in the gunnery pool, with another three weeks or so to do. Hope to make the fire control school from here and get a DD or DE on completion of that course. If any of the boys get down this way Chez Smith is open to one and aU, as usual the phone number is 5-5478 and listed under my mother-in-law's name, Mrs. Catherine Gould.

Keep up the good work Harry—I'm curious as to how long you can continue to improve with every issue. You make yourself quite a chaUenge.

Oh by the way, Charlie Frey has an article on the P. C. Navy due in the August issue of "Yachting." If his usual style is stiU working, the article should be very readable.

EDWESr T. MCKEITHEN, Jr., '34, (Lieut., USNR), writes: NEIL (BUTCH) KINGSLEY, '34, "As I am being detached next week from the Navy Department and being (Lt. Comdr., USN), Fourth NCB, Camp sent to an unknown address, (which I am Parks, California: . delighted to report), please forward my "December 7, 1941 caught me at fumre copies of SHIPMATE to P. O. Box Naval Air Station, Seattle, finishing a 467, Albemarle, North Carolina. pleasant two years plus tour of duty in SHIPMATE is an exceUent job and has the 13 th N. D. From there I went back meant a great deal to us here in Wash- east for a shuttle tour of temporary duty ington. I know it wiU mean even more between Quonset and Washington bewhen I join the Fleet." fore going down to Norfolk to become a Sea Bee. In June I went as exec of ROY SMITH, '34, (Lt. (jg) USNR), one of the Battalions to the Aleutians.

3715 Indian Creek Drive, Miami Beach, After a year not spent in basking in the Florida, sends the foUowing dope on '34: sun I bought the Battalion out as skipper.

While the USS INGERSOLL was named The whole outfit including myself has half for Roy III of '34 and half for his just remrned from a thirty day leave and grandfather, we now have the first ship we expect to be on our way outside again aU our own—the USS CARROLL, a new before very long.

D. E. She is named of course for Herbie "'While up north I saw BiU Dickey a CarroU, who went down in the South- few times. He was flying big boats then. west Pacific air fighting.

Jack Martin came in on a sub but acClaude Kirkpatrick, Charlie Frey, and cording to ""The Samrday Evening Post" Frank Auld are now skippers of new he has changed duty since. Pete Howard DE's—Grey and Auld having just com- and Hopkins were both steaming around pleted the command course at SCTC in tin cans up there for a while. Keith and left to fit out their ships. Expect Taylor reported for duty at NAS, Dutch others to come in shortly, and am look- Harbor just before I left. ing particularly for Dave MiUer any day "While on leave I hoisted quite a few now. with P. C. Cook, now an ex-armed Ed. McKeithen just arrived here from guardist, who is living at the St. Francis Washington with much dope on all the in Frisco. He had been there two months boys he's seen around there lately. (You but last Samrday (July 16) he told me ought to persuade him to write you a he finaUy got his orders as XO of a Lion. column, Harry.) He hopes to get DE Paul led a pretty interesting life in Egypt 58

and India with the Texas Co. before coming back in. He is stUl a bachelor but has scheduled marriage for his first post war development.

"For myself I am one of the remaining bachelors in the class. Would like to hear from Smyth, Brinker, Townsend, Church or any of the old gang."

CLAUDE S. KIRKPATRICK, '34, (Lt., USNR), from the USS writes: "TeU Larry Becht, '34, that Ben Walkup is to be my gunnery officer, and I wish he were along too. Don Neinstedt has one of those ships as does Fritz Hawes. George WeUs, WUUe KeUer, and Ed BatcheUer are among those I've seen building them, so the class of '34 has a good share in the Destroyer Escort from the beginning."

GEORGE C RUFFIN, Jr., '34, (Lt. Col., USMC), is with the Signal Batt., New River, North CaroUna. GEORGE C. WELLS, '34, (Lt. Comdr., USN), is on duty at the United States Navy Yard, Philadelphia, Penn.

A L B E R T RABORN, '34, (Lt. Comdr., USN), reports: ""A few of the submarine boys of '34 had a get together the other day in New London, Conn., those present were: Mose House and wife Rosie Kinsella and wife Al Schnable and wife WiUie Wilcox and wife Jonnie Nichols and wife Dick Latham and wife Dick Nicholas and wife Ruben Whitaker and wife Charlie Henderson and wife Eric Barrand and wife Al Raborn. Mrs. Raborn was unable to attend.

Mrs. Walter Griffith was present without Walter, she had a sweU time. ""Everyone enjoyed cocktails, dinner and especially the old tales that were retold."

RUSSELL H. MAYNARD, '34, (Lt. Comdr., USN), should be addressed 665 "I" Avenue, Coronado, California.

WILLIAM W. WALKER, '34, (Lt., USN), 182 Prince George Street, Annapolis, Maryland, has been awarded the Silver Star Medal for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity while serving SHIPMATE

aboard submarines during war patrols in the Pacific.

BiU took part in three patrols as Gunner}', Torpedo, and Assistant Approach Officer. His citation states that he was "Untiring in his efforts to keep the submarine's torpedo armament functioning with maximum efficienq', and contributed immeasurably toward the sinking and severe damaging of a considerable amount of enemy shipping."

lO^C TAMES A. BENTLEY, '55, ' ' ^"^ (Lt. Comdr.. CEC, U S N ) , U. S. Naval Construction Training Center, Camp Pearj', WiUiamsburg, Virginia, writes: "I'm finaUy sending a long overdue payment for the grand issues of SHIPKLATE. One of these days I hope to get out with a Sea Bee BattaHon and try to do my share of the fine job other members of '35 are doing in the Battle zone."

CHARLES R. BEAMAN, '35, (Lt. Comdr., SC, U S N ) , from the Submarine Chaser Training Center, Miami, Florida, writes: "Here's a Uttle dope on the class of '35:

""Here at S. C. T. C. I have seen the foUowing of the gang out of our class: S. W. Decker, J. J. Jordy, Ed Headland (communications). Bob Wing, BiU Whaley, and from the South the other day came Norm Meyer headed for parts unknown in the Pacific. Not of our class, but remembered by many of us. Captain C. F. Espe, BiU Tagg, '"Poosh 'em up" BiU Denton, BiU Porter, Tom Peacock, and Kirkpatrick '34 have either been here on duty or have passed through. Last reports show Jack Brandt on his way to PG School after quite a time on the CHICAGO and a year's delay in getting to PG. Tommy Brown, BiU Hyland, C C. Mathas, and Joe Lyle can be reached at Pearl Harbor or its environs, Johnny Qine and Duke Davis are in Samoa or have recently left, Duke, of course, had command of the Marine Fighter Squadron at Guadalcanal during the hectic days of that campaign.

Saw Tom Culhane in the S. W. Pacific months ago itching for a scrap as weU as Whitey McGUl in the same general area. Found Pug Southerland in a base hospital down there fuU of shrapnel and aU propped up in a hospital bed. Found enough of the spirits to cheer him up in fine style. Whitey and I saw him at

every chance. Pug is now at NAS Opa Locka, Florida. D. O. Van Ness now at Great Lakes, Virg Vestal just left there.

Does any one know where Norm Spain is. Please let me have the dope on him as I owe him a letter.

"Here's some personal dope: Married in May, 1942, whUe on a short leave from the rigors of warâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;such as they wereâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and had a month with the wife in VaUejo and then left for the weU known parts unknown. Chaplain Lash so weU known to aU of us did the job in fine style. I heartUy recommend him for any such arrangements. Anyway, found myself in some fimny simations and a few hot spots. Ran across Chuck Tingle many times. FinaUy ordered to a very fine craiser but took so long to get her that Nick Tripi got impatient to the point that Messenheimer '36 reUeved instead of me. Here I am now at S. C. T. C. with Comdr. McDaniel as the skipper and C. B. Beasley as the exec.

"What a firebaU this place is and no fooling. Ask anyone who has gone through the comrse of instraaion on good old pier 2 Miami. So, anyone who comes through here wUl find a most hearty welcome on the mat at 579 N. W. 69th Street, Miami. Let us know if you are

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coming and we wiU take care of the rest. We have a spare bedroom and are anxious to see any old friends."

JOHN B. CLINE, '35, (Lt. Comdr.,SC, USN), makes his home at present at 4420 36th Street, South, Arlington, Virginia, and is with the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts, Navy Department, Washington, D. C. ALONZO D. GORHAM, '35, (Maj., USMC), may be found at Quarters 2223, Paradise Point, Camp Lejeune, New River, North Carolina.

JAMES B. EPPES, Jr., '35, 208 N. Abingdon Street, Arlington, Virginia, writes: "Tm StiU on the USS Outside, but I work for the Navy Department, Room T4-1707.1 would like to have any '35ers who hit this town drop in to say heUo. ""I'm married to the kid sister of A. S. FuUer, '35, and am the proud pappy of two boys. ""A. S. FuUer is also stiU on the USS Outside and is working at the Engineering Experiment Station, Annapolis. ""Let's heat more from the Class of '35!"

his address as 532 Twentieth Street, Simoneau are now listed with the missN. W., Apt. 312, Washington 6. D. C. ing, and that Dick BuU was listed in "The Last Call." Our prayer is that they all remrn to- keep the '36 roster up to DAVID H. McCLINfull strength.

TOCK, '35, (Lt. Comdr., How about dropping us a line and USN), 1023 North Front ending the controversy on whether you're Street, Marquette, Michian SB or a PB, Ruckey Dickson? And gan, has been awarded the how about a line from you George Silver Star Medal for "conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity" while Winne? After all, you ought to keep serving aboard submarine during war your wife posted regarding your wherepatrols in the Pacific. abouts.

Dave took part in four war patrols, We take it (from no less a source during which he served as Gunner, Tor- than the Readers Digest) that our own pedo and Assistant Approach Officer. He Smokey Manning is none other than the was commended for the calm and effi- "circulating" nurse of Submarine Surcient assistance rendered his Command- gery fame. Nice going, Nurse. SHIPing Officer on all patrols.

MATE would appreciate a "scoop" on hot news such as that.

NORVELL G. WARD, '35, (Lt. Received a nice letter from Ralph Comdr., USN), 2 Pickens Lane, Indian Haas and appreciate his efforts to give Head, Maryland, has been awarded the me something to work on. I agree Silver Star Medal for service aboard sub- especially with what he has to say to marines on war patrol in the Pacific. start off. Here's the dope he sends to His citation follows: be passed along: "I agree with you that we should give you a little more sup""For conspicuous gaUanport. (Note: Keep it coming Uke you try and intrepidity in the did in the August number, boys, and performance of duties as Executive Officer, NaviaU is forgiven). What amazes me out gator, and Assistant Aphere is that the class of '36 is so ""conproach Officer aboard a spic" by its "a" as P. G. Wodehouse United States submarine during the would say. fourth war patrol in enemy-controUed I spent a week-end with Brad (W. waters. Commencing an aggressive ap- W. Bradley) a short time ago. He's proach on an escorted target which he working for Douglas, has a sweU home, alone saw in the dark. Lieutenant Com- lovely wife and two precious daughters. mander Ward skiUfuUy worked out plans Hank FusseU and Sy Karasyk are also for a damaging attack which proved to around L. A. but I haven't had a chance be of inestimable value in the sinking of to see them. Also had a lovely meal with an important amount of enemy shipping. Dawy, who is stationed at Camp EUiot His extreme bravery and loyal devotion out here. He, too, is ideaUy located, has to the completion of a vital mission were a lovely wife and a cute iy2-year-old in keeping with the highest traditions boy, W. K. Davenport, III. So far as I of the United States Naval Service." know, there are no more of '36 out here but I haven't had the time to get around much.

"YER DERN TOOTIN'"

WILLIAM J. FRANCIS, Jr., '35, (Lt. Comdr., USN), aboard the good ship , writes: ""I have enjoyed both SHIPMATE and the Register very much, and feel I should help put out the dope myself. One small contingent of '35 are now weather-guessers—besides myself. Ray Parrish, Pat Finnegan, and Blake Booth, aU either at sea, or expecting to go to sea shortly. ""Out here in the South Pacific I have seen only a few of '35: Chuck Fadem, now in the Supply Corps; Bob Prickett, Senav on a cruiser, now back in the

BY G E N E RIEWE, '36 States I believe; missed Whitey McGill (USMC) by only a few days.

1 Q^iL After seeing all the fine con"My regards to aU of those of '35 I tributions from you boys in haven't seen in a coon's age." the August issue, we're forced to conclude that '36 has finally come to life.

MATTHEW S. SCHMIDLING, '35, We're glad to see it and hope that (Lt. Comdr., USN), gives his address enough of you will continue to do your own tootin' so that I'U be able to retire. as Minisink HiUs, Pennsylvania.

Ed. note: Thanks for generous contri- Thanks for all the news Dock, WaUey, Fred, Bill, Ralph, (both of you), Gus bution. and Joe. Let's hear from you more often ALFRED A. HOPIAK, '35, Manager and let's hear from you others, too.

Congratulations to Joe and Mrs. Rice of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company, Washington, D. C, for producing the latest '36 Junior. asks that mail be sent to 725—13th St., We're always glad to note the additions.

N. W., Washington.

It is with deep regret that we note the reports that George Whiting, Jack GEORGE L. POWELL, '35, reports Crutchfield, Dub Bayless and Forrest 60

I wonder how many bachelors are left in the class? I think I'U wait until after the war to get hitched.

Thanks for all the dope, Ralph. We'd appreciate it if you'd take it upon yourself to keep us up to date on the activities of all of '36's fighting Leathernecks.

Also had a nice letter from Roscoe Nicholson who is doing a big job building ships for you boys to ride herd on.

He writes, ""I am with Maryland Drydock as a Production Expeditor. We are the connecting link between the yard and the management. We are each assigned at least one ship for which we are responsible—we get out the specifications for the job, follow it to see that it is completed properly and on time, SHIPMATE

and then supply the estimating debt, with the information necessary for biUing it. In the meantime we are worried by owners' representatives ships' officers, maritime representatives, insurance inspectors and BMIN inspectors.

The work is very innteresting—it's the first job I ever had that left me feeling anxious to get to work and sorry to leave and come home.

"Ruth is sweU and Nick, Jr., is slightly spoUed—he reaUy runs this place."

Nick has moved and now can be addressed at 4419 Marble HaU Road, Baltimore 18, Marj'land. For anyone in Baltimore, Nick can be reached by caUing TU 6100-Extension 265. He's working on the night shift and I know would appreciate a caU from anyone who happens to be in Balto. Thanks for the dope, Nick, and keep those ships coming.

According to a previous tentative schedule from Fred Lincoln he should be in PhiUy about now or wiU be soon and we hope to get together for the first time since graduation.

To date I've been getting along weU on my new job as Chief Inspector for Luscombe Airplane Corporation. To you

fellows flying carrier based planes, it's a prett)' safe bet that we've made some of the parts in your chariots. I'U pledge again to do my utmost to see that you get the best we can give you.

My work took me up to Long Island one day last month and gave me the oppormnity to visit with Henr}' Hemenway for a few hours. Hank is stiU in the pink, doing his bit for Foster-Wheeler. His family is weU, too. Here is some of the dope he passed along.

Frusby Lederer is doing some fine work on a destroyer over SicUy way.

Deacon Evans was recently seen wearing the bars of an Army Captain and was not taken on Bataan as previously reported in our Rumor Department.

"Gus" Neivel was on leave between submarine assignments and is again at sea on a new boat.

Charley Raymond left B. and W. to join the staff of one of the Long Island plane manufacturers.

Doc Rawhngs was stUl at the Brooklyn Navy Yard when last reported.

Hank and I talked over the possibiUties of a get together of aU '36ers in this vicinity and we're going to see what we can line up. We'U appreciate any sug-

gestions and support that we can get along these lines.

While with Hank, I had the pleasure of meeting Bob Haase, '23, who is also with Foster-Wheeler. On the train that evening, I met Comdr. E. J. Milner, '21 (A) and questioned him regarding SHIPMATE. He agrees that England has been doing a bang-up job and that we have an exceUent publication.

My home town (Oconto, Wisconsin) paper carries the foUowing item that wiU be of interest to the class of '17 regarding a feUow townsman of mine.

"Captain Kenneth Hoeffel is believed to be faring quite weU as a prisoner of the Japanese at Taiwan camp in Formosa. He was capmred in the faU of Corregidor.

"Information received through the Red Cross indicates that prisoners get shots for dysentery and malaria, and the food is passable. Some prisoners raise poultry and vegetables to supplement their prison diet. They are also given some cigarettes and are aUowed to walk arotmd the camp."

Such information, I'm sure, spurs the efforts of aU of us to do all we can to free our feUow-alumni, countrymen and

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aU subjugated people.

With the footbaU season coming up I'd like to renew the suggestion that aU '36ers meet immediately after the games which they may attend at the point on the field at which the final play was begun. Hope to see some of you at the Pennsylvania, Columbia, or Army games, provided we can get away.

I'm looking over the makeup of the Board of Trustees of the Alumni Association, I see that there is quite a gap of no representation berween the class of '27 and the class of '41. Would like to see this gap plugged by one of '36 in the next election and would like to nominate for this position, '36's president, Griff Sexton. How about accepting the nomination, Griff, and giving the class a message from its president in the earliest possible issue of SHIPMATE. The boys would aU like to hear from you again.

Keep the news coming, gang. Let's hear from aU of you and let's have aU the information you can supply on aU of the boys. Why can't '36 be the bestinformed and best-organized class that ever graced the portals of dear old Bancroft!

who wiU soon be remrning Stateside, 'Biff' Stiles who has apparently seen lots of excitement, 'Don' Gumz who recently returned Stateside, and "Chubby' Hansen who pushes a destroyer around in these parts. All apparently in the best of health. 'Andy' Galatian is also holding forth in this neck of the woods."

announce the birth of their daughter^ Nancy, on 25 July, 1943, at Lying-in Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.

1937 ALBERT S. FREEDMAN, ' ^ ' Jr., '37, (Lt. Comdr., U S N ) , up from the South Facific, recently reported at Postgraduate School here at the Naval Academy for a course in Ordnance.

GOULD HUNTER, '36, (Lt. Comdr., Others from '37 doing the same are H .

USN)J is in Post Graduate school here W. Howard; G. C. EUerton; K. W. Patat Alma Mater and resides in Apartment rick; N. E. Thomas; A. H. Soucek. SmdyE-3, USNA, writes: ing Communications are R. H. Benson,.

"I think that many of the class of '36 F. G. Blasdel and John Morse. who are readers of SHIPMATE would be interested in the foUowing item which JOHN P. HEXTER, '37, reports his came to me today: address as 919 Glenmoor Lane, Glen"James D. (Cy) Crary, '36, 1st Lieu- dale, Missouri. tenant, USAAF, has been reported missing in action foUowing the July 25 ALFRED W. GARDES, '37, (Lc bombing raid on Hamburg. Cy had been Comdr., USN), writes: in England about five weeks and had "I haven't seen many of my classmates made only one previous raid, over Norin the past few years since my duties way in mid-July. He had one narrow have been in an odd assortment of places escape enroute to England in June when and craft that the rest of the class seems the Flying Fortress in which he was navito shun with the coldest of shoulders. I gator was forced down in the Atlantic by had the privilege of attending the engine trouble. The crew spent one launching of the USS Harveson a few night in their rubber boat before being weeks ago.

That ship bears a grand rescued and returned to this side. name and carried with her into the "Cy enlisted in the Army in 1941, was water the best wishes from us alL transferred to the air force in January "I heard the other day that FiU Gilke1942, and was commissioned a second lieutenant last August. Before that he son, '37, couldn't get the hood dosed had spent several years surveying pros- over his cockpit on June 3rd after the pective oil fields in the equatorial re- advent of Little Jeannette. But on June gions of South America. He married Miss the first and second, I also heard that Patricia French of Spokane, Washing- his Exec had a heUuva time convincing him that he wasn't the only man who ton, in October, 1942." had ever been a prospective pappy.

FRANCIS A. GREENUP, '36, (Lt. Comdr., USN), back from Submarine Pacific, enroute to USS paid a visit to Crabtown. Stopped in the office to leave new address and reports the following '36 dope: "Recently saw 'Dick' Myers, at Navy Yard, Mare Island, California. D'avid Connole just received his first command and is first of '36ers to receive this com"I saw Fletcher Hale, '37, the other "JACK" NOEL, '36, (Lt. Comdr., mand. Smokey Manning just returned , day in New Orleans on his way to the from Submarine Pacific Force; had the USN), writes from the USS pleasure of entertaining him at Pearl "Nice going, SHIPMATE, you are doing East Coast as Exec of a new destroyer.

When last seen Larry Brantley, '37, was a swell job. Keep up the good work."

Harbor." skipper of the , Charley Minter was Exec of a squadron of big boats, GORDON FOWLER, '36, (Lt. WALTER F. SCHELECH, Donald Deane was exec of the fightingComdr., USN), writes from distant Jr., '36, (Lt. Comdr., est SC in the Navy, and Romance WatUSN), whose home is parts: kins, '37, was worrying the diving offi"Have just received the big issue of Westfield, New Jersey, has cer every time he moved around in his SHIPMATE and enjoyed it tremendously been presented with the "R'-boat." as usual. However it seems that a bit Silver Star Medal for "galof correction as to my present duty is in lantry and intrepidity in combat" durWALTER H. KEEN, Jr., '37, (Lt. order in view of the fact that I've been ing submarine patrols in which extenComdr., USN), is with the LTA Design, listed both as being in Alaska and in sive damage was done to Japanese shipBureau of Aeronautics, Navy Departping Pensacola. Since finishing Pensacola in ment, Washington, D. C. September of '41 I've been continuously on duty in aU Pacific areas except HARLAN G. KIRKPATRICK, '36, North and Southeast in utility, patrol (Lt., USN), is interned in a Japanese GUY R O'NEIL, Jr., '37, and heavy bomber squadrons. Have re- prison camp. Harlan has been a prisoner (Lt., USN), 900 Linden cently acquired command of my present of the Japanese since the cruiser Hous- Avenue, Long Beach, Calisquadron through the tragic loss of our ton was lost in the Java Sea early in 1942. fornia, has been awarded skipper, Bruce A. Van Voorhis, '29, (Enthe Silver Star Medal for emy action).

DAVID SANDS SEAMAN, Jr., '36, "conspicuous gaUantry and "Have seen recently, 'Wink' Heywood (Lt. Comdr., USN), and Mrs. Seaman, intrepidity" while serving aboard sub62

SHIPMATE

marines during war patrols in the Pacific.

Guy served as Diving Officer during four patrols. His citation states that he, by his skiUful control of the submarine diu^ing attacks on the enemy, "contributed directly to the success of the submarine in sinking two vessels and in seriously damaging another."

1938

MAJOR W. ROBB, '38, (Lt.

jg, U S N R ) , Coos Bay Naval Section Base, Empire, Oregon, writes: "I seem to write to you every five months with a new address! Here I am again—at present on duty on a sub chaser out here on the Pacific. IU take the East Coast any day! This Pacific Ocean is not what it's cracked up to be, as far as I'm concerned. Rough 9/10 of the time—at least for an SC." Ed. Note: In September SHIPMATE we were privileged to print a poem submitted by Major, entitled "A Sailor's Prayer," and a very good poem it is.

(to the States) so now I want to try to get up to date on the whereabouts of seldom seen classmates."

RODERICK J. DUNN, '38, (1st Lt., USA), may be reached at Fairyland, Lookout Mountain, Tennessee.

Bob served as Torpedo and Gunnery Officer during four patrols. He was cited for ably maneuvering his ship to inter cept an enemy warship which was torpedoed and sunk.

JOHN SHAW DALTON, '38, (Lt, USN), 6368 Drexel road, Philadelphia, RUSSELL H. HEDGECOCK, '38, has been reported missing in action. He (Lt., USN), reports his new address— was attached to the Navy Air Force in 403 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, the South Pacific area. WhUe John was at the Academy he was captain of the Massachusetts. track team.

FREDERIC W. MUIR, '38, (Lt., SC, WILMER E. RAWIE, '38, (Lt., U S N ) , leaves Key West, Florida, for USN), is on duty at the N. A. A. S., Lee the West Coast, and should be addressed Field, Green Cove Springs, Florida.

236 El Camino Real, VaUejo, California.

RICHARD GUNDERSON, '38, reports his address as 705 West Franklin Street, Portage, Wisconsin.

ROBERT E. CUTTS, '38, (Lt., USM), Milford, New Hampshire, has been awarded the Silver Star EDWIN L. PIERCE, '38, (Lt., U S N ) , Medal for "conspicuous Staff Com. Fair West Coast, Naval Air gaUantry and intrepidity" Station, San Diego, CaUfornia, writes: while serving aboard submarines during "I have just recently returned home war patrols in the Pacific.

1939 LESTER S. "LET" WALL, '•^ ' '39^ (Lt., USN), writes: No news that can be written. I am fine, though, I was on the ground for a couple of weeks last month on account of some Jap thought I was lonesome in the cockpit and put a 20 mm sheU in to keep me company. Lucky!!

"Oh!

Re

SHIPMATE for

May

p.

52

A. B. Yates, '38, was kiUed a couple of weeks ago in the H E L E N A . He was assistant engineer and never got out.

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63

"Saw Tex O'Neill the other day and flew his SOC. First time I've ever flown a seaplane. More fun."

FRANK M. CULPEPPER, '39, (Lt., USN), 208 Prince George Street, Annapolis, writes: "I am just beginning a Marine Engineering course at the PG school."

EDWIN G. REED, Jr., '39, (Lt., USN), wiU receive mail addressed 579 NeUson Street, Berkeley, 6, California.

FRANKLIN E. COOK, Jr., '39 USN), is on duty at the Naval Air tion, Los Alamitos, California, should be addressed Box 4, c/o station.

(Lt., Staand that

HARRY M. EULER, '39, (Lt., USNR), from the USS reports: "Although each issue of SHIPMATE contains plenty of meat, the best job you have done recently was the publication of casualties in ships and alums.

At sea we have trouble keeping up on everybody and your list certainly brought us up to date."

TOM JAMES GARY, '39, (Lt. USN), and Mrs. Gary announce the birth of a daughter, SaUie Hohnes Gary, on August 9th, 1943, in Greenwood, Mississippi.

JETER A. ISLEY, '39, (Lt., jg, JAMES W. FANKHANEL, '40, reUSNR), reports that he is now at the ports his address as 4501 Elsrode AveNaval War College, Newport, Rhode nue, Baltimore, Maryland.

Island.

MAT M. CAIN, JR., '40, (Lt, USN), , sends along this ELBERT C. LINDON, '39, (Lt., from the USS plug: USN), at sea, writes: "SHIPMATE has proved very enjoy"I can't tell you how much I enjoy able reading, and has provided me with each issue of SHIPMATE. It is the best a means for keeping up with what many way I have found to keep track of my of my classmates have been doing. I classmates and friends I knew while at look forward to receiving each issue, and the academy. And in times like these feel that you have been doing a sweU that is no mean task." job of keeping us aU posted with interesting information about our Academy THOMAS B. EARLE, '40, (Lt, friends and classmates."

USN), reports that he is at the Naval Air Station, Melbourne, Florida.

ROBERT W. GAVIN, '39, (Lt., USN), from out there, requests: EDWARD K. MILLER, JR., '40, lists "Please extend via SHIPMATE my best his permanent address as 4819 Keswick regards to aU of '39 and here's hoping Road, Baltimore, Maryland, and adds: "It is a pleasure to announce that dewe can have a big class reunion when spite my myopia I am back in the Navy the War is over in '46." as Ensign, S. C, USNR." Thanks a lot for the generous conCORWIN G. MENDENHALL, JR., tribution, Ed. '39, from the Navy Yard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, writes: , EDWIN D. MORRISON, '40, (Lt, "Am enjoying building a new sub and USNR), lists new mailing address as have seen several '39ers lately, including 1804 Riverside Drive, Trenton 8, New Hingson, Glaes, Alford and Bobczinski.

Jersey.

"Keep SHIPMATE coming."

L. BLAINE LIBBEY, '40, (Lt, USN), JOHN V. "Jack" CAMERON, '39, writes: (Lt, USN), is now skipper of his ship, "Here's my new address. Naval Air the USS -, and probably has many Station, Sanford, Florida, for another JOHN R. WALLINGFORD, '39, interesting tales to teU after being away year. We all enjoy SHIPMATE, both for (Lt., USN), is now in Post Graduate for a couple of years. the good dope, and news of classmates.

School here at Alma Mater.

Of course the ones we'd like most to EDWARD MICKA, '39, (Lt, USN), hear from are censored.

JOHN B. RITCH, Jr., '39, (Lt., who was killed in a plane crash in the Anyway here's a list of names now USN), another '39er here in Crabtown, Atlantic, has been honored by having a stationed down in this orange country: destroyer escort named for him. His attending PG School.

"Lieutenant Commanders Paul Maswife, Mrs. Evelyn Vandenberg Micka, terton, '33, R. S. RiddeU, *33, and Sam JAMES M. ROBERTSON, '39, (Lt., and ten months old daughter, Barbara ShiUing, '36; Lieutenants Win Berg and USN), may be reached at 703 West Lynn, whom he never saw, christened the Pete Shumway, both out of '39; Majors escort at Kearny, New Jersey, August 22.

First Street, Oil City, Pennsylvania.

Larry Fox, Lobo Wolfe, both '40; Lieutenants Vic Schragger, Jug Seal, Al WALTERL. DOUGLAS, Jr., '39, (Lt., 1 9 4 0 J^"^ ^" "^^IGHT, '40, Schirmer, and Ab Street, BiU Game, and USN), lists his new address as 4312 (Lt, USN), may be reached J. J. Hinman, aU from '40.

First Street, Ortega Terrace, JacksonviUe, at Solmson's Heights, West Annapolis, And here's another item, there is now Maryland.

Florida. a WiUiam A. Clark, Jr., and I'd like to know where his father is!

GEORGE W. GRAVES, '40, (Lt. JACK C. YOUNG, '39, (Lt., USN), "I think Cary HaU and Nicholson's asks that future SHIPMATES be sent to (jg), USNR), writes via V-MaU: idea for memorial plaques is 4.0, and 244 Loma Avenue, Long Beach, Cali"Since getting my physical discharge I'll try to help it along with a "lay-out.'" fornia, and adds: in thirty-eight, I have gotten a B. S. de"I get aU my copies about two months gree at William and Mary after which I HENRY VERNON OHEIM, '40, late, but they're still good to read about enlisted in the R. C. A. F. (they're not 1904 Grinnalds Avenue, Baltimore, 30, my classmates and the Old School. See too particular 10/20 for pilot). In April, Maryland, writes: Bob Wadsworth now and then and out- 1942 I shifted over to the American "I notice that many of my classmates side of him '39ers are quite few and far Navy. of the class of '40 are back in the service. between out in these parts. Willie Pace, "Out this way, I've seen my old room- I have just been commissioned Ensign USMC, '39, has a F 4 U Squadron close mate "Arky' Mason and Larry McEwen and hope to see some of my classmates by." out of '40." soon."

64

SHIPMATE.

1941

JOHN R. BURWELL, '41,

far. A cheery heUo to "Brat' Rodman, (Lt., USN), recently returned Johnny O'Matley, and my former roomfrom the deep blue, is back at P. G. mate, Dick Pierce, now U. S. Army School, he reports, and though it's fuU (traitor), so I hear!" of books and slide rules and chalk dust et al, it's mighty good to be on dry land ASA A. CLARK, III, '41, (Lt, USN), for a year. He may be reached at North another '4ler out there, writes: Severn Officer's Mess, U. S. Naval "For your much appreciated dope colAcademy, Annapolis. umnâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;I want to send best wishes and 'good luck' to all my classmates. For WILLIAM P. ROBERTSON, '41, the benefit of my ex-roommates, Deke (Lt, U S N ) , writes: Carr, Tom BueU, and Moose Dixon, I am "I am now at NAS Pensacola, Florida, StiU aboard the same four-stacker I went attempting t o learn how to fly, so please to from the Academy. It's good duty, address me N . A. T. C , Pensacola, Flor- though I didn't duck soon enough once ida. The address is flexible but I wiU and am carrying around a few bits of get it that way. scrap metal received as the last act of "If Joe Marks and A. G. Plemons one of Tojo's "finest.' happen to see this letter please write to "My wife left Honolulu last August me and let me know their present ad- and has since been living with my sister dresses." in Fresno, California (Mrs. M. J. Shannon). If any of you lads of '41 or your JAMES A. OLIVER, JR., '41, (Lt., wives go through Fresno, stop by for a USN), from the USS , reports: drink and say heUo. "As the saying goes, 'Simation nor"To the Editorâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;none, any, or aU of mal, etc' on the Queen of the Seas. If the above may be used in your dope anyone can teU me "Cassy' Casstevens' column. I would Uke to say heUo to the address, wiU they please let me know? Class of '41, though."

Have been trying to contact him since he took the big step, but no smoke so HOWARD L. ABELL, '41, ( L t ) , re-

ports that at present his address is 10th Troop Carrier Group, 27th T. C. Squadron, Dunnellon, Florida.

PEMBERTON SOUTHARD, '41, (Lt, USN), from the high seas, writes: "Looking forward to "The Eyes and Ears of the Navy,' and although you have heard this many times: WeU done and continued success for your exceUent SHIPMATE. It stiU applies."

JAMES A. CURRAN, '41, (Lt, USN), sets us straight with: "I want to inform my classmates, the half that think I went down with the B U R N H A M and the other half that think I went down with the STRONG, that I am StiU among them. When the STRONG, on which I was gunnery officer, went down, I thought of one old political slogan, "We're in again, boys.' I want to tell Coach Ortland, and my co-captains of the sub squad, Moose Smith and Gus Macri, that it is not as bad as that second-class swimming test A married man now, I became the proud pappy of a little girl recently. The address is P. G. School now, and I'd certainly like to hear from Rudy Marzetta, Swede Svendsen, Herb

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Weyranch, Hop Hopkins, Lou Davis, and aU the gang that vote the straight Fourth Batt ticket."

"Not much news of '41 to give—did see 'Hank' Esterling recently. Hear that a good portion of the class is now in aviation—how about some one of the RONALD B. HUTCH' HUTCHIN- Statesiders' boosting up the '41 Dope SON, '41, (Lt, USN), from the Marine column with a little info.'

"Have three members of '42 here— Hospital, Mobile, Alabama, writes: J. T. HiU, Barney Giebler, and Jack Wil"I was engaged in putting a new "can' liams. in commission, but had a little accident, "About all the dope—tho' might and am now stuck here in the hospital with a broken leg. I would like to hear emphasize the request for the more Dope again." from any of the old gang."

USN), is here at the Old School, in PG, Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland.

C. L. "CHARLIE" FEARS, '41, from "Somewhere," writes: "I have had a change of address since last 1 wrote. At present I'm in the Ship Superintendent's Office here at the Navy Yard. I have seen a few of my classmates but not very many.

"I was very sorry to hear of Mr. Loeser '27 being missing in action."

THOMAS P. COCKE, '41, (Lt, WILLIAM W. NEELY, '41, (Capt, USN), reports his address as 1614 Peo- USA), sends this along: ples Avenue, Troy, New York.

"My present address is A. A. A. S., Camp Davis, North Carolina, after quite MALCOLM E. WOLFE, '41, (Lt, a stay in the sands of Texas.

"Bill, Jr., is now 14 months old and USN), is at the Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Squadron 5A, Bronson Field. going strong.

"Another U. S. N. A. graduate here CHARLIE C. GARRISON, '41, at Camp Davis is J. P. D'Arezzo, Major, should be addressed 318 60th Street, class of '40."

Newport News, Virginia.

SEYMOUR EINSTEIN, '41, (Lt., FLOYD CUMMINGS, '41, (Major USN), writes from (censored): USMC), reports: ""I've had the pleasure of running into "Am now at VSB Squadron, Naval several out of '41 lately and am glad to Air Station, Daytona Beach, Fla." report that they are certainly doing a WILSON E. HUNT, '41, (Major, grand job knocking off the Japanzies. It USMC), writes: EDWIN A. TUCKER, '41, (Lt, seems kinda funny knowing that amiable

JOSEPH C. WHEELER, '41, (Lt., USN), writes from the USS : ""I have seen very few of '41 lately.

However Tom Wolfe has been around but is leaving next week for a try at aviation somewhere in Texas. My roommate Flo Cummings is in the hospital at Daytona Beach after having a little trouble with a dive bomber. 1 am still submarining and hope to get a crack at the Japs soon. ""Recently a member of the air corps paid our house a visit and left a nine pound girl. Mother and daughter are both faring fine."

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SHIPMATE

guys like DeUer, Rowen, Landreth, and the rest have turned into a bloodthirsty bunch of fighters. I'm glad that they're on my side! ""The latest dope I have on hand is that just about everyone is married now and half of the married ones have babies coming along for them to play with when they get home. I'd give a lot to see those young American heroes crawling in nurseries biUing and cooing at their little ones. (In case anyone is interested, I'm not married.)

"Please say "HeUo' to any out of '41 you may see around. And tell those '41 guys to send in more dope to your magazine for publication—I know aU of us are interested in what is happening to our classmates."

WALDRON M. McLELLON, '41, (Lt, U S N ) , 103 Troy Building, R. P. I., Troy, New York, writes: "At present I am at R. P. I., here at Troy, smdying Civil Engineering with Jim Bartlett, Bob Thomas, and Tommy Cocke. We are reaUy enjoying this shore duty.

"If any of the class get up here in the hiUs of New York, we'd be very glad to see them and talk over old times."

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tion which have helped me keep in touch with classmates and friends. There are five of us of '42 on this battlewagon, four in gunnery and one in engineering.

"Gus' Eherke and I are married, while "Fort' Land, Gene Farrell, and Bob DONALD E. CARR, JR., '41, (Lt, Mundhenk still lack the moral courage.

USNj, reports his address—903 Craw"Also I would like to add that I am ford Avenue, Syracuse 3, New York. the proud father of a little girl.

"Gene Farrell sends his best wishes PAUL HUNTER BACKUS, '42, (Lt., along to aU hands."

USN), and Miss Marguerite Katharine Gardner, were married 15 August, 1943, JAMES D. SMALL, '42, (Lt. (jg) in the Second Congregational Church, USN), may be reached at 130 Market Greenwich, Connecticut.

Street, Annapolis, Maryland.

ROBERT O. CARLOCK, '42, (2nd Lt, USMCR), reports that he is attending school at Harvard University and would appreciate hearing from any of his old classmates. He should be addressed 31 Garfield Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

1040 HARRY C. ALLENDOR'^^^ FER, Jr., '42 ( L t (jg) USN), aboard the USS : "SHIPMATE has been reaching me regularly since graduation and has afforded me many hours of pleasure. It's great to read about so many classmates and other Academy friends. To my mind, it's a wonderful magazine and a real credit to the men who are putting it out If ever I can be of any assistance, either in writing or coUecting material, I will be only too glad to help out. Don't hesitate to call on me."

FRANK M. MORELLI, '42, 490 Cornwall Street, Hartford 5, Connecticut: "Please give '42 heU and teU them to write in more often. They sure are slow with the pen, especially some of my ex-roommates: Bob Sadler, "Chris' De Christopher, Moe Hannon, G. Brown, Harry Brimer and the rest."

MALCOLM L. GORDON, '42, Junior Highway Engineer, U. S. Public Roads Administration, Fort St. John, B. C, writes: "For we of the "Lost Battalions,' whose hearts shaU always be with the Navy and with our many friends and shipmates of years gone bv, it is a privilege to receive these publications—publications dedicated to those who are doing, and have done, so much when we, seemingly, can do so little.

"My home address remains the same —Meeker, Colorado— although I am CARLTON A. VAN EMON, '42, now in northwestern Canada and well (Lt, U S N ) , wiU receive maU ad- into my second year's work on the Alasdressed to 44 Ingraham Blvd., Hemp- ka Highway.

"Please mail all correspondence and stead, New York, and writes: "SHIPMATE has been greatly appre- publications to my home address, inasciated and thoroughly enjoyed by all much as I am unable to predict from hands on this ship. Many times have one week to the next my current adI found items of interest and informa- dress in Canada."

OCTOBER,

1943

JOHN E. "JACK" SMITH, Jr., (Lt, (jg) USN), boosts us with the following: "It's the best source of dope in the world, and you are really making it a wartime magazine. I like it. The last issue was a honey."

JOHN E. WILLIAMS, .'42, (Capt,, USMC), sends the foUowing newsy letter, from a censored spot: ""This island, though quite small, is 'home' to a considerable number of Academy alumni: Lt. Col. M. F. Schneider, '23; Lt. Col. W. H. Fromhold, '30; Lt Col. E. A. Sneeringer, '35; Lt USN J. L. Abbot, '39; Major W. E. Hunt, '41; Captain J. T. Hill, '42, and Captain B. W. Giebler, '42.

"We have had others on the island, but they have been scattered as time 67

went by. Dick Pierce, '42, is with the Raiders; Hal Harwood, '42, is in flight training; Dick Opp, '42, is with the 2d Airdrome Battalion; Jack Shedaker, '42, finished a tour of duty as aide to a Major General, and is now a paramarine; Woessner and Van Oeveren, '42, are back in the States; the rest of us StiU have some hopes. ""WiU take this opportunity to ask the foUowing to get on the baU and write— Mark Woods, Bill Cross, Bob Graham, Jack Hinchey, Joe Hunt, Ted Balis, Swede Momsen, Bud Woodson—and any other 1st Batters who have any dope to put out" AUSTIN J. KENNEDY, Jr., '42, (Lt, (jg) USNR), 715 Lawrence Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan, informs us: ""I am now taking the Naval construction course at the University of Michigan. Recently I was transferred here from an ordnance teaching assignment at the Reserve Midshipman School in South Bend, Indiana. Being one of the "eye unsats' of '42, SHIPMATE has enabled me to keep in touch with classmates and friends." ""ED" GALLAGHER, '42, (Lt (jg)

and am seeing some mighty active and USN), from the USS : "Just a line to let you know we rate intensive duty. The Four Piper Navy is Regards to any of '43 in the SHIPMATE as 4.0. You're doing a fine job. alright Keep it up and keep the dope coming." vicinity."

BILL AYERS, '43, (Lt, (jg) USN), ALTONBARGERGRIMES, '42, (Lt, (jg), USN, of Tuscaloosa, Ala., and Miss sends this along: Virginia Mae Brewer, were recently mar"I was in hopes that I could get down ried in St Andrew's Chapel of the Naval to the Academy for June Week, but Academy. couldn't quite make i t One of the boys down there sent me a program of events, DAVID H. GREEN, '42, (Lt (jg) and I was aU set to give the old place USN), recently home from a year on a another whirl, just to keep my hand in submarine in the Pacific, wiU marry Miss and my memories refreshed. I hear it Nancy Alexandre Rutter, of Cedarhurst, was very nice, and carried off in the usual style. How does the new class Long Island. look? That flight training they are getting certainly appeals to me, for I have JOE HUNT,'42 (Lt, (jg) USN), re- wanted to fly ever since I was knee-high cently was in New York waiting for or- to a pup. ders for sea duty. Joe, former Davis Cup '"If there is anything I can teU about doubles player and once ranked No. 4 namy classmates, please let me know. Most tionaUy, staged the biggest upset of the of what I can teU now is just ships and current championships on September 3, oceans.

I haven"t run across Dick Smith when he administered an 8-6, 6-2, 6-3 yet, but his wife Betty writes me very trouncing to Corporal Frankie Parker, of regularly." the Army Air Force.

1943 SPENCER E. ROBBINS, 43, ^^•^ (Lt, (jg) USN), reports: ""I'm still at sea on my same old can.

MARSH K. ECKHARDT, '43, (Lt, (jg) USN), at sea: ""Incidentally we"re aU looking forward

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with great anticipation to the arrival of '44 out here."

GEORGE CORNELIUS, '43, (Lt, (jg) USN), and Miss Lois Adele Smart were married in August at Saint Columbia Episcopal Church, Washington, D. C. JAMES CURWOOD ALLER, '43, (Lt, (jg) U S N ) , and Miss Mary Matilda Bramble, were recently married in St. Andrew's Chapel of the Naval Academy.

1944 G- FRED ANDERSON, Jr.. '^^ '44, 3436 Wilshire Terrace.

San Diego 14, CaUfornia: "I am now located here with the Ryan Aeronautical Company, and you may be sure my efforts are stiU for the Navy, as we are working twelve hours a day to design the fleet's newest and most potent fighter plane.

"My wife and I are at home at the above address to receive any of the fellows who may be in San Diego at any time."

but you know Florida in the summer. It's so damned hot here that we're too lazy to write when we have the time. No complaints, however, for the duty here is wonderful.

"The class is spread all over the map of Florida, as you probably know. I've bumped into most of the boys sometime or another, including our boy Norton.

Which reminds me, I still owe him a pack of Camels.

"If there is anything you want done, or any dope I can give you, please let me know."

THOMAS J. (JACK) CHRISTMAN, (Ens., USN), at the Naval Air Station, JacksonviUe, Florida, learning about naval aviation under the N.A.O.T.C, recently had the pleasure of meeting and chatting with Senator Charles O. Andrews, of Orlando, who gave him his appointment to the Naval Academy. Jack carried off second honors in his Annapolis class.

ROBERT CHARLES BICHE, '44, (Ens., USN), and Miss SaUy Ann Dorsey, were recently married at St. Andrew's Chapel, Naval Academy. After September 27, the couple will be at home at Seven Acres, New London, Connecticut, where Bob will attend submarine school.

H. WADE HILLER, '44 (Ens., USN), and Miss Joan Patricia Chambliss were married in August at the home of the bride's mother, in Bethesda, Maryland.

WILLIAM CLYDE AMICK, Jr., '44.

(Ens., USN), and Miss Peggy Claire Funk, of Baltimore, were recently married in Baltimore.

RICHARD HOMER GIBSON, '44, (Ens., USN), late in August took Miss Margaret Mary Short, of Bethesda, Maryland, as his wife. The ceremony took place in Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Washington, D. C.

RICHARD EARL SEACORD, '44, JOE McCLANE, '44, on a letter (Ens., USN), and Miss Joan Pahner, HENRY SAUNDERS BARBOUR, head of the U. S. Naval Air Station, were married 1 September, 1943, in St Thomas' Episcopal Church, New Ha- '44, (Ens., USN), and Miss Nancy BagLake City, Florida, writes:

by Sabalot were married in the United "I didn't intend to keep silent so long. ven, Connecticut.

OCTOBER,

1943

States Naval Academy Chapel, August 28.

ROBERT GRAY BAGBY, '44 (Ens;, USN), and Miss Marrilyn Jean Black were married 1 September, 1943, at St. Alban's Church. The couple will make their home in New London, Connecticut, where Bob wiU be stationed.

GEORGE OSBORNE BENNETT, '44, (Ens., USN), and Miss EUzabeth Bowditch, have announced their engagement.

DONALD GORDON JACKSON, '44, (Ens., USN), and Miss Charme Benson were married August 21.

JEROME LYON ASHCROFT, Jr., '44, (Ens., USN), wiU marry Miss Lela Mays. The date of the wedding will be announced later.

SHIPMATE has received and wants to acknowledge subscriptions, contributions, or other communications from the foUowing officers, whose addresses for obvious reasons cannot be published: LAWRENCE P. TREADWELL, '04 WILLIAM STANLEY McCLINTIC, '05

STEWART WILLIAM CAKE, '06 A. A. CORWIN, '07 ALLAN G. OLSON, '08 DONALD B. BEARY, '10 JAMES L. RODGERS, '11 D. R. LEE, '13 OLIVER O. KESSING, '14 A. S. WOTHERSPOON, '15 A. W.RADFORD,'16 C. S. ISGRIG, '20 H. E. HAVEN, '20 HORATIO G. SICKEL, '20 JOHN A. SWEETON, '22 J. C. LESTER, '22 WORTHINGTON S. BITTER, '22 PETER J. NEIMO, '22 HENRY M. COOPER, '23 JOHN H. BRADY, '23 LEON N. BLAIR, '23 J. B. RICKETTS, '24 WILLIAM G. FISHER, '24 W. V. DAVIS, JR., '24 MAX H. BAILEY, '25 HENRY R. WELSFORD, '25 BRUCE D. KELLEY, '25 WILLIAM B. HOWARD, '25 WILLIAM S. HOWARD, JR., '25 J. McN. TAYLOR, '26 J. B. STEFANAC, '26 EVERETT H. STELL, '26 J. B. PASCHAL, '26

CARL P. METZLER, '26 THOMAS R. LANGLEY, '26 FRANK VIRDEN, '27 ALFRED R. TRUSLOW, JR., '27 ROBERT F. "BOB" MARTIN, '27 EMMANUEL T. GOYETTE, '27 ROBERT O. STRANGE, '28 JOE C. RIGBY, '29 ADOLPH J. "JERRY" MILLER, '29 R. S. TROWER, III, '30 LAWRENCE E. RUFF, '30 DONALD T. WILBER, '31 C. H. SHUEY, '31 WILLIAM A. DUNN, '31 R. P. WALKER, '32 HALFORD A. KNOERTZER, '32 JOHN M. LIETWILER, '32 T. S. LANK, '32 J. C. TITUS, '33 W. R. MacDONALD, '33 OLIVER N. FOWLER, '33 H. F. CHRIST, '33 JOHN M. HYDE, '34 G. P. WALKER, '34 JOHN L. JAY, '35 WILLIAM P. SMITH, '35 JOHN K. FYFE, '36 THOMAS L. McNERNEY, '36 WILLIAM J. LEDERER, '36 R. R. PRATT, '36 HARVEY P. LANHAM, '37

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LAWRENCE G. BERNARD, '37 R. W. McNITT, '58 ELI VINOCK, '38 JAMES E. TINLING, '38 EMERY H. HLIFF, '38 WILBUR J. MASON, '59 H. W. GEHMAN, "59 E. C. LINDON, '39 JOHN B. HOWLAND, '39 J. C. MUHLENBERG, '59 PAUL W. GILL, '59 D A \ ^ LEWIS. "40 JOSEPH WEBER, "40 EDWARD J. FRUECHTL, "40 R. M. STRIETER, "41 J. E. BENNETT, "41 JOHN B. THRO, 4 l ROBERT F. SWEEK, '42 W. M. VINCENT, '42 JOHN B. DAVIS, JR., '42 ROBERT B. STAHL, '42 RICFLARD D. OPP, JR., '42 GARRISON BROWN, '42 JOSEPH M. TULLY, JR., '42 GEORGE S. GOODSPEED, JR., '43 D. A. WAGNER, '43 MARSFLALL C. GREGORY, '43 RICILARD G. DOWELL, '43 N. C. AUBREY, '43 MARTIN D. GASTROCK, '43 JOE S. GARDNER, 45 FENTON F. SNOTH, '43 GROVER B. WLNDHAM, '45 W. F. WRIGHT, '44 JOHN ROY BASS, '44 DOUGLAS R. ALDRICH, "44 FRANK W. O J F T , III, '44 J. H. PENNINGTON, '44 J. M. WINDSOR, '44 THOMAS G. WARE, JR., '44 R. W . CARKEEK, '44 JOHN L. BRYAN, JR., '44 J O H N L. BURKE, JR., '44 A. P. CARPENTER, '44 ARTHLH E. PATCH, '44 ANTHONY T. CAPRIOTTI, '44 JOSEPH L. BOYD, JR., '44 BENJAMIN F. PARK, '44 MALiaCE C HARTLE, '44 J O H N A. BALLARD, JR., '44 J O H N W. BECKETT, JR., '44 ARNOLD G. THOLHAMER, '44 J O H N M. MARTIN, '44 HAROLD M. CAHN, '44 THOMAS J. CHRISTMAN, '44 CHARLTON RUSSELL KING, '4^ J O H N M. DELARGY, '44 ROBERT R. RANDOLPH, '44 CHARLES B. SMITH, '44 WILLIAM E. KEIGHTLEY, '44 J O H N J. CREAMER, "44 OCTOBER,

1943

T h e A c a d e m y at W a r {Continued from page 9) lings. There are "roU under and vault over" obstacles.

Rope climbing teaches midshipmen the value of crawling up—or down—a disabled ship. During summer months, members of the First Class were required to jump from the twenty-five foot tower located on CoUege Creek near Hubbard HaU, as experience in jumping free from a disabled ship. They are also taught to dive down under flaming oil or gas covered water and how to break surface with their hands and come up for air.

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OMMANDO methods are taught the midshipmen under the name hand to hand fighting. Wrestlers learn how to defend themselves without the aid of weapons—in short, aU tricks of back aUey fighting are included in the corrunando tactics.

In keeping with the rest of the Station, the Postgraduate School is undergoing a change. A new wing is now being added, and ever since Pearl Harbor covu-ses have been shortened and intensified. Capt. E. M. TiUson is in charge of the 442 smdents.

It is interesting to note that during the First World War the Postgraduate School closed in March 1917, due to mobiUzatioiL Over two years later, the summer of 1919, it reopened under the command of Captain Ernest J. King (now Admiral King, Chief of Naval Operations). Special ceremonies were held in the Marine Barracks with the Secretary of Navy guest speaker.

Besides training the regular midshipmen, the Naval Academy has proceeded with the course of instruction for the classes of V-7 midshipmen. These young men, aU coUege graduates, are given an intensive fom-months' course to fit them for engineering duties afloat. Since the first class entered in 1941, a total of 2282 have received commissions as ensigns in the Naval Reserve.

In addition to these groups, a group of graduates from technical schools throughout the country were brought to the Academy for a month's indoctrination course in Navy regulations, and naval traditions and customs, whUe stiU another group was the V-5 pre-flight instructors who received indoctrination at the hands of Navy's coaches.

This is not the first war in which the Naval Academy has done its part. Even with the many present day changes, the greatest change of aU was foUowing the outbreak of the CivU War when the First

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the Naval Academy graduates who went South was WiUiam H. Parker who had been head of the seamanship department of the Academy, and who established the Confederate States Naval Academy and commanded the gunboat BEAUFORT during the Battle of Hampton Roads.

days. On June 28, the Class of 1918, die second in three months, was commissioned. July brought the first Naval Reserve class of 200 men. There were no athletic contests held at the Academy at aU during the spring. September of that year found the First Class and a section of the Fourth Class quartered in the Marine Barracks, and the entire curriculum was shortened for the war's duration.

As in the present war, there was no regular Naval Academy squadron for summer practice cruise in 1917. At the outbreak of the war there were 1,231 midshipmen enroUed, but the number of Congressional appointments was increased to four and subsequently to five.

The Academy foUowed closely the program of 1861-1865, with the three classes averaging a little less than 200 graduates each; within sixteen months the Naval Academy had provided about 600 new ensigns.

' T ' H E first Naval Academy men to go -â&#x20AC;˘- to war were the passed midshipmen of 1846. The war with Mexico began about six months after the founding of the school in 1845 and the Superintendent and midshipmen desired to go to sea. Secretary Bancroft considered the successful establishment of the school so important that he refused Commander Buchanan's request, explaining, ""Were it not for the important business you are now on, you would be one of the first sent." By March, 1847, Secretary Mason, who had succeeded Bancroft, felt that Damage control is an important subject at Buchanan's services could be spared and the Academy today. ordered him to sea in time to take part in the capmre of Tuxpan and Tobasco, ClMILAR to present times, the inClass was immediately ordered to report Mexico. ^ creases were not sufficient to meet the for active sea duty. The Navy DepartSecretary Bancroft advanced the ex- demands for ensigns and junior lieutenment, recognizing the danger of the Academy's being so close to the centers aminations of the 1840 date and of the ants. The Navy Department emoUed as of secession, ordered the entire school to acting midshipmen from November to reserve ensigns and sent to the Academy be moved to Newport, Rhode Island. The July, 1846, and ordered the successful young coUege graduates and undergradumidshipmen made the voyage in the candidates to sea at once. Although mid- ates for a three to six months' course in famed old frigate CONSTITUTION, on shipmen grumbled about being kept engineering or in line duties, to be quaUMay nine, and the BALTIC arrived with ashore at aU during wartime, those of fied in seamanship, navigation and books, furniture, navigation instraments 1840, 1841 and 1842 dates saw active ordnance. In aU, 2300 reserve midshipwar service. About 56 midshipmen at men received commissions from the and aU sorts of gear.

Annapolis in 1846-47 erected the first Academy.

Soon after arrival in Newport, the monument on the grounds in honor of Highlights of the Aimapolis training classes of 1858 and 1859 were ordered to their classmates who lost their lives dur- are shown in a reserve midshipmen classsea, leaving at the school only the class ing the Mexican War. This is known as book, "The Anchor Watch," which is on that entered in I860. To fiU the vacan- the Mexican monument. file in the Naval Academy Library. In a cies, Congressmen were given two apThe Spanish-American War was over brief foreword, the editor wrote: . . . pointments. About 200 midshipmen en- so quickly that it had no immediate ef- "With a real American Navy no foreign tered and were quartered on the C O N - fect on the Academy. The spirit of the army can ever strike a blow at us. The STITUTION which was moored at the midshipmen of 1898 was high; the war control of the sea, as Nelson knew, must dock at Goat Island, but the quarters hastened the graduation of the class, always be the final element of victory in proved inadequate and a summer hotel, whose members were given diplomas great wars." the Atlantic House, was leased by the without ceremony in April. The mid"The Wake," publication of the fifth government. shipmen left at once for the North and last reserve class, mentioned the fact At the beginning of the war a number Atlantic Squadron and a month later, at that due to flu epidemic, the class entered of midshipmen resigned and went South their own request, the class of 1899 was late, on October 21 instead of the sevbut the majority remained loyal to the ordered to sea. Every class in the Acad- enth. This group entered just three Union. WUliam B. Cushing, Samuel W. emy was represented in Sampson's squad- weeks before Armistice was declared.

Preston and Benjamin H. Porter, who ron. After the Spanish fleet was de- Many reserve officers had seen service entered the Academy in 1857, 1858 and stroyed at Santiago, Admiral Cervera and abroad prior to entering.

The Army-Navy Journal for this pe1859 respectively, became distinguished his officers, including his own son, were for their braveness under hostile fire dur- brought to the Academy as prisoners-of- riod notes that midshipmen subscribed ing the war, by destroying Confederate war. Here they remained until peace was $107,250 for Liberty Loan Bonds, and schooners. The most noteworthy of signed. During the Philippine Insurrec- that ""graduates of the Academy must Cushing's many heroic actions was the tion, passed midshipmen were executives know how to swim." The November 5, sinking of the Confederate ram ALBE- and sometimes commanders of smaU 1918, Journal states that for the first time gunboats which operated in the waters in its history the Naval Academy had an MARLE with a spare torpedo. of the archipelago. election booth in its precincts.

The Army took over the Annapolis "When Congress declared war on GerWhen the Academy was first founded grounds and the buildings were trans- many on April 6, 1917, the Class of 1917 in 1845 no thought to graduation was formed into Base Hospital No. 1. Among had already been graduated for eight given. The Naval School, as it was then 72

SHIPMATE

caUed, offered a five years' course of which only the first and last were spent at the school, the intervening years found the midshipmen on active service.

"COUR months after the opening, 36 ••- midshipmen of the date of 1840 were on hand, 13 of 1841 date, and seven acting midshipmen, making a total of 56 smdents. In 1850 plans for a four-year course were formulated and adopted and the name was changed to the United States Naval Academy. But it was not until 1854 that the first four-year men received their diplomas. On June 10 the first graduation exercises consisted simply in the muster of aU hands at noon in the Chapel, the reading of prayers by the Chaplain and a short address by the superintendent and the presentation of certificates.

If George Bancroft, the Secretary of the Navy at the time the Academy was founded, should visit the Station today, he would see Uttle to remind him of the faU day of October 10, 1845, when the first class assembled in a recitation room at eleven o'clock to hear an address by Commander FrankUn Buchanan, superintendent. Most of the smdents had

SUN

served at sea in aU parts of the world and the older ones were inclined to resent the discipUne—especiaUy that of the civilian members of the faculty of seven.

Ages of the smdents ranged from thirteen among the acting midshipmen, to twenty-eight among the Seniors. There was little suggestion of militarism; midshipmen were not in uniform and did not march to recitations. There were no athletics.

Grounds of old Fort Severn, built in 1808 for the defense of Annapolis and used as an Army post, comprised nine acres and nine buildings when the Navy took over. Because a miU once stood upon it, the land had been caUed WindmiU Point and the original purchase price from the Dulaney estate was $1,801.

Today, the Naval Academy proper, that is, the Yard, reclaimed land, recent seven acres purchased across from Thompson staditun and the Hospital groimds, total two hundred and fifty-foiu: and three-eighths acres valued at thirtyfive mUlion doUars.

This figure does not include the 865 acres of the Naval Academy dairy, 35 acres of the Experiment Station, 482 of

the Radio Station, 151 of Fort Severn property or 159 of the Rifle Range, aU except the dairy, located on the North side of the Severn.

Weather Is N o Accident {Continued from page 11) FoUowing is a traveler's description of conditions in a typhoon: '"At daylight I crawled out again and for some hours was privileged to behold one of the wildest and most sublime scenes that men have ever looked upon and lived to teU about. The storm was at its height. The wind was coming in gusts that reached 120 miles an hour.

The air was simply fiUed with the white spume of the sea, just as the air is fiUed with snow in a great storm at home. To windward it was impossible to see more than 100 feet and to leeward not much farther. Yet through this white welter we could see something of the heights and depths that hemmed us in more than masthead high, with writhing slopes Uke the sides of mountains. '"The wind pitched itself at us with a force that made the gale of the night before seem puny and ineffective. Alto-

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gether it was an exhibition of violence unsurpassed. The nearest approach to it is afforded by Niagara FaUs, as you ride up to the foot of the mmbling waters in the Maid of the Mist, or walk under them to the Cave of the Winds. But here both air and waters were like a Niagara let loose and driving themselves down upon our little steel' ship. Against the unprotected face the hard driven spume smng like the flying particles of a sandstorm.

"It was terrible and magnificent."

Although tropical storms can be of tremendous violence, as a rule they do not produce waves as large, or at least not as long, as the winter storms of the northern oceans. Winter storms in the north are of greater diameter and consequently produce a longer continuation of strong winds over a greater sweep or ""fetch" of the ocean. It is this combination of ""fetch" and duration that seems to produce the greatest waves. In the South Pacific, South Atlantic and South Indian Oceans, near the 50th paraUel, there is an imbroken sweep of the sea around the world, and here some very great waves are sometimes observed.

What are the biggest waves ever observed in the open sea?

This is a difficult question to answer, because in some cases no doubt the ship never came home with the story. Also, when ships have been involved in such tremendous seas, it is probable that the safety of the ship has occupied the attention of all hands with no time to calculate wave heights, even if some of the crew were curious about it.

A CAREFULLY estimated wave height -^*- of 112 feet was observed on the USS R A M A P O in the North Pacific in February 1933. For days the R A M A P O was in a large, severe storm area, with the ship steaming in the same direction as that of the waves. Two other waves were estimated on the same occasion to be 107 and 119 feet in height. The wind was measured on an anemometer at 68 knots, or 78 land miles per hour. Although the R A M A P O was 478 feet long, the ship's entire length would glide down the slope of a wave before being overtaken by the crest.

On rather rare occasions, huge solitary waves are met in the open sea when the weather is otherwise calm. Some of them have swept across steamships, carrying members of the crew into the sea. It is probable that waves of this character are

ins mm iw.

caused by submarine earthquakes. The' greatest tidal wave of history occurred ia 1883 when the top of the volcanic island of Krakatoa (near Java) blew off and; sent out a wave more than 100 feet high.

Krakatoa was a volcanic island in what is now the Sunda Strait. In August, 1883, the top of the island, where it rose as much as 1,400 feet above the sea, was blown off in several violent explosions, leaving a submarine cavity more than 1,000 feet below sea level. The actual sounds of the explosions were heard at distances of 1,500 to 3,000 miles. A tremendous sea wave was produced which reached a height of more than 100 feet on the opposite Java shores. More than 36,000 human beings perished. Dust and ashes were thrown more than 17 mileshigh. At Batavia more than 100 miles. away, it was so dark at noon that lamps. had to be used indoors.

The Krakatoa eruption is mentioned here because of its effects on the weather..

Vast quantities of dust high in the air were gradually distributed over the entire globe. On account of the scattering or absorption of the shorter rays of light, the dust veil produced fiery skies over much of the world for the next two or three years. The glow above the horizon was

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^ vivid in one American city that the fire department mshed out to put out what was thought-to be a big fire in a town nearby. A veil of volcanic dust absorbs, reflects and radiates into space some of the heat that would otherwise reach the surface of the earth. This is thought to have caused the unusuaUy cold weather that followed the Krakatoa eruption. There have been other cases. An example is the ""year without a summer" (1816) which followed the emption of Tomboro in the East Indies. Snow which feU in June, JiUy and August 1816 in New England was possibly a result of this eruption.

Waves created by storm winds often move to great distances as they flatten out into long, low undulations known as ground-sweUs or roUers. On moving into shaUow water, the roUers pile up and again become great breaking waves.

On the coast of Morocco and on the islands of Ascension and St. Helena, which are south of the Equator, heavy roUers are sometimes destructive to shipping. at Ascension have their ROLLERS origin in the North Atlantic; they move against the wind in southern waters and break on the northern shores of As-

cension and St. Helena at mtervals from November to April, which is the stormiest part of the year in the North Atlantic.

The rollers arrive when there are no signs of a storm locally and hence are often entirely unexpected.

Likewise, waves originating in the southern part of the South Atlantic are known to travel long distances, sometimes they arrive on the coast at Rio de Janeiro^when there is no wind; they are then called the "Windless Resaca" (surf without wind). In places the shores are protected by a granite waU ten to twelve feet high and the rollers strike the wall and occasionaUy leap to a height of 100 feet.

Winds at sea are named by the direction from which they come and by the force with which they blow. The force is described by a number on the Beaufort scale. Beaufort was an admiral of the British Navy. He devised his scale of wind force about the year 1805, and it has been universaUy used by mariners since that day. If a ship's officer wishes to make a record of a wind from the northeast, he may write ""NE-8" which means a northeast wind with a force of 8 on the Beaufort scale.

A scale showing Beaufort wind forces

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HESE are only approximate measures; the size of waves depends upon the length of time the wind continues to blow with the force indicated and upon other complex conditions. Most of our information as to the height of large waves has been secured by the primitive method of finding a position in the ship where the height above the water-line is equal to the height of the waves. The observer then sees the crest of the wave top the horizon when the ship is upright in the trough of the wave.

Beaufort introduced his scale only a year or two before Robert Fulton's steamboat began plying between New York and Albany, but sails continued to propel the vast majority of ships for many years.

By Beaufort's scale, the speed of the wind was judged by its effects on the sails. In the salty terms of sailing days, a wind of Force 6 (a strong breeze) was "that to which a well-conditioned ship of war (1800-1850) could just carry in chase, "fuU and by,' single-reefed topsails and topgaUant sails, and fishing smacks double-reef gaff mainsails."

GraduaUy the Beaufort descriptions of

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BEAUFORT SCALE OF W I N D AND SEA Beaufort wind force 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Calm Light air Light breeze . . . .

Gentle breeze . . .

Moderate breeze Fresh breeze . . . .

Strong breeze . . .

Moderate gale . .

Fresh gale Strong gale Whole gale Storm Hurricane

Wind velocity— miles an hour {statute) Calm 1- 3 4- 7 8-12 13-18 19-24 25-31 32-38 39-46 47-54 55-63 64-75 Above 75

effects of sails have been abandoned. In their place, descriptions of effects on land were used, such as Force 6, when "large branches of trees are in motion, whistling is heard in telegraph wires, and umbreUas are used with difficulty," and Force 9, which causes stmcmral damage and removes chimney pots and slate.

These descriptions, of course, are no good at sea, and, having no sails, the man on

Height of waves in feet

Length of waves in feet

slight 1 2 5 8 12 16 20-25 25-30 30-40 35-45 Over 45

ripples 15 30 75 135 225 350 540 800 1080 1400 Over 1800

the steamship has been obliged to resort to something else—the surface of the sea itself.

Some attempts have been made to use the sounds of the wind in the rigging and the noises of the sea as indicators of wind force. Wires, cables, masts—in fact aU projecting parts of the ship—^produce noises when the wind is high. The breaking of waves becomes a roar of the sea

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but it is drowned in a multimde of the voices of the wind. It is like the wind humming in the telephone wires and howling around the chimney and gables.

The sounds are due to eddy motion in the air behind the obstmction to the wind.

But even if we knew the relation of wind force to sounds in the rigging, it would vary in different ships.

P. Pettersen, a German sea captain, developed a scale for judging the wind force by its effects on the surface of the sea. He included the noises of the sea. As examples, in his scale at Force 4 the sea gives a continual murmuring; at Force 6, the breakers march with a duU roaring noise; at Force 11 the roaring of the sea continues in an ear-splitting hubbub.

Visual scales have been proposed for international use, but it is very difficult to describe just what the ship's officer sees from the bridge when he looks out over a windswept sea. For the landlubber who has a hankering to judge for himself, the foUowing descriptions wiU be useful.

When the air is calm (Force 0) the sea is glassy except where a low undulating wave or sweU arrives from a distance.

With a wind of Force 1 the sea is rip-

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pled in patches. At Force 2 the sea is rippled aU over with miniamre waves forming. At Force 3 whitecaps begin to form here and there. The ocean is generaUy spotted with whitecaps at Force 4.

White wave crests are seen everywhere at Force 5.

'When the wind increases to Force 6, large waves begin to form and the white crests of the waves here and there begin to be blown away in horizontal streaks in the gusts of wind. At Force 7 the sea heaps up and white foam is whipped by the wind and blown from the crests in Unes that reveal the direction of the gusts of wind. At Force 8 the sea is very rough and foam is blown in dense streaks along the direction of the wind.

AT Force 9 the sea begins to roll and on **• aU sides dense streaks of foam are seen. At Force 10 high waves develop with long over-hanging crests and the sea is white with foam. The ship feels the shock of the waves and care must be taken to avoid injury in moving about the ship. At Force 11 smaU and mediumsized ships within sight are lost to view in the wave troughs and the air is fiUed with spray. The high breaking roUers seethe with foam. Even large ships now feel the shock of the waves. It is dangerous to go on deck. Minor damage to boats, ventilators, etc., is likely, if the wind continues at Force 11.

When the wind increases to Force 12 it is said to be of hurricane force. Above that there are no further graduations. The sea becomes indescribable. The waves seem mountainous; their crests are carried away by the wind; large ships pitch violently; the air is so fuU of foam and spray that visibiUty is greatly reduced; if the wind continues to increase, the ship's superstructure begins to suffer serious damage.

The foUowing are excerpts from the logs of ship captains in hurricanes: "The sea appeared to be knocked down greatly and aU in a sheet of foam. I endeavored to look to windward, but I could not see; the howling of the wind was terrible."

"During aU this time, the passengers, although aU fuUy aware of our simation, never opened their lips, but behaved with as much coolness as sailors. Between three and four o'clock in the morning the wind shifted to northwest and what with rain, wind, thunder and lightning, I could not make a person hear me at the top of my voice with my mouth close to his ear."

"The roaring of the wind prevented us distinguishing whether it thundered or not."

With these descriptions in mind, we OCTOBER,

1943

can form some sort of mental picmre of what is going on when the ship's officer writes "NE-8" in the ship's log. But we must keep in mind that the wind we feel on deck is seldom the true wind over the surrounding ocean. The movement of the ship must be taken into account.

On fast ships of the present day, this is especiaUy important. If the wind is blowing at a speed of 20 knots from the east and the ship is moving at 20 knots toward the east, a freely exposed deck wiU have a wind of 40 knots. If, however, the ship were moving in the same direction as the wind, there would namraUy be a virmal calm on deck. Similarly, when the wind direction is at an angle to the ship's course, we do not feel the true wind. Those who remember some of their high school physics wiU realize that the wind perceived on deck can be determined by a simple "parallelogram of forces," with the tme wind and the forward motion of the ship representing the sides of the paraUelogram. But if we have forgotten the school exercise common sense wiU take us to the same point anyway.

To get the tme wind direction we look at the surface of the sea. Whenever the wind is blowing perceptibly there is always a pattern of lines on the surface of the sea showing the tme direction of the wind. With a light wind the crests of the ripples lie in lines perpendicular to the direction of the wind. Variations in the force of the wind cause darker and lighter patches which travel along with the wind.

Even with strong winds there is a pattern

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of lines that shows to the experienced eye the way of the wind.

We emphasize this simple matter of tme wind vs. observed wind on deck because it is so essential to the amateur or professional weather man in observing the phenomena of weather at sea. With an understanding of tme wind, the namre of waves, and the Beaufort scale, we have begun an understanding of storms, and may even be so perverse (from the point of view of the ship's captain or indisposed feUow passengers) as to welcome the approach of storm phenomena.

tropics and then move directly away from the Equator and travel first in a westerly direction, moving more or less away from the Equator, but they often change course on passing from the tropics and then move more directly away from the Equator and toward the east. This applies generaUy in both hemispheres.

Tropical storms include the hurricanes of the West Indies, the typhoons of the China Sea and the cyclones of the Bay of Bengal. When fuUy developed, they are dangerous storms. Extratropical storms, as the name implies, are those of higher latimdes but many of them are mild wind CTORMS are infrequently experienced systems; only an occasional winter storm ^ on most of the ordinary routes of of this type is of sufficient force to be of ocean travel. Only on the northern serious dapger to shipping. routes of the North Pacific and North Once in a long time a storm in higher Atlantic Oceans in late aummn, winter latimdes is of such violence as to earn and early spring, and near, and to the a place in history. One or two reaUy great south of, the paraUel of 40° in south lati- storms are recorded in the British Isles in tude is there much livelihood of winds a cenmry. For example, it was reported exceeding Force 7. that the "outrageous wind" of 1095 "bore Storms which affect ships at sea, aside down in the City of London alone 600 from purely local winds, are of two kinds, houses" and blew the roof off Bow tropical and extratropical. The former Church so high into the air that its timoriginate near the Equator and travel bers in their faU "were driven 23 feet into first in a westerly direction, moving more the ground; the streets of the city being or less away from the Equator, but they then unpaved." Perhaps the most violent often change course on passing from the storm of the British Isles was the "Great

Storm" of 1703, sometimes caUed "Defoe's Storm" because the author of Robinson Crusoe wrote a book about it. This great gale wrecked hundreds of houses, downed thousands of trees in the British Isles, killed 123 people on land, and many more were injured. More than 8,000 seamen, including 1,500 of the Royal Navy, perished. ' I TROPICAL cyclones not uncommonly -'- move to high latimdes and a few have been very destructive there. The New England hurricane of 1938 probably caused greater economic losses than any single storm of history, but the hurricane of August 1873 was destructive in higher latimdes, devastating parts of Nova Scotia, Labrador, and Newfoundland. More than 1,200 vessels were wrecked.

There have been a great many other furious storms on the North Atlantic Ocean. However, unless they move ashore and cause loss of life and damage to property from wind and high water they are not likely to be remembered.

Nearly one thousand West Indian hurricanes have been recorded but only a few have taken any prominent place in history.

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One storm is worthy of special mention, however, because it was instrumental in bringing about an international system of warnings. On November 14, 1854, the "Crimean Storm" caused the loss of many ships lying at Balaklava including stores for the aUied armies at Sebastopol. The loss of these stores caused intense suffering among the troops during the foUowing winter. One of the wrecked vessels was a French warship. This induced the astronomer LeVerrier to make a smdy of the storm in which he traced its course from west to east across Europe. He submitted the results to Emperor Napoleon III and urged an international system of telegraphic reports for the purpose of issuing warnings of such storms. The system was estabUshed in 1855 and served as a model for other storm-warning and weather-forecasting services.

Next month Mr. Tannehill will discuss Luke Howard's classification of clouds, and describe the effects of various types of clouds on world weather condition.

T h e Japanese Naval Defeat At Shimonoseki {Continued from page 19) tory over the American flag might weU make the internal rebellion flare suddenly into open war. And lastly, there were no dockyards or repair yards handy in those oriental waters. Any hit that might not be fatal in home waters would mean certain annihilation here.

With characteristic resolve and courage, McDougal nevertheless made preparations to punish the Japs. He ordered the ship made ready for action and gave instructions that in case the ship became grounded or seriously damaged, her magazines and boilers should be touched off and the ship, with aU hands aboard, blown up. You can weU imagine the tenseness among the members of the crew and the gossip that buzzed around Yokohama as the ship made final preparations.

It was a fight to the death against overwhelming odds.

In the grey light of dawn on the morning of July l6di, the W Y O M I N G got underway and pointed her bow for the Shimonoseki channel. Her plans doubtless were known to the Japs, for as she

rounded the mrn in the bluffs that guarded the narrow channel, signal guns on shore warned the waiting batteries.

And there under the protective hood of shore and fort, lay the three armed vessels. The smiles on the yellow faces grew bigger as the lone vessel stood closer, the morning sun silhouetting the Stars and Stripes against the pale blue of the sky.

As the W Y O M I N G came within range of the Dahlgren rifles atop the fort, she was immediately placed under fire. The American ship made no reply, but stood in silence down the passage. The bluejackets, green but determined, stood at the guns of the W Y O M I N G and patiently waited on the signal to fire from their captain.

On the bridge. Captain McDougal looked through his binoculars at the fort —then at the dangerous channel ahead, and finaUy at the three ships on his starboard bow. These three vessels were now also firing. Captain McDougal was a seasoned naval veteran; he had once been decorated for personal bravery when he dived overboard in the shark infested Caribbean waters and saved a comrade.

He was a veteran of the Mexican war, and had served under Porter and Perry. He

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was smart and alert, a credit to his profession.

McDougal's keen eyes spotted the stakes set out in the channel ahead. No doubt these were the first navigational objects ever set out in the miUrace channel—but Captain McDougal correctly deduced their purpose. These were range stakes, the gunners atop the fort using them to spot their fall of shot. To have sailed his ship through this area would have been certain death. The WYOMING'S wooden huU could never stand the terrific fire of this concentration.

McDougal did the thing the Japs least expected. He ordered the helm put hard to starboard, and the WYOMING'S bow swung toward the bluffs. Before leaving Yokohama, McDougal had investigated the drafts of the D A N I E L WEBSTER, the LANRICK, and the LANCEFIELD and had

discovered that the draft of his ship was no greater than theirs. He correctly assumed therefore, that if the Jap vessels could cross those waters, so could he.

His plan threw the Japs into utter confusion. The three ships made frantic efforts to avoid the onrushing WYOMING, and the guns of the Shimonoseki forts

opened up with a cannonade that would have demolished any ship navigating near the stakes. Instead the sheUs whistled harmlessly through the WYOMING'S rigging as she plowed closer to the bluffs and to the three ships.

"Number three gun engage that battery," shouted McDougal, and immediately the gun fired one shot so accurately placed that the entire battery was silenced.

In a moment, the W Y O M I N G had

poured four more salvos into the smoking bark and brig. The steamer, thus far unengaged, had weighed anchor and was belching smoke trying to escape. McDougal maneuvered across her bow and placed one scathing salvo down her decks.

It was at this instant that the WYOMING ran aground.

The Japs shouted and yeUed in defiance. Here now, was their chance. The steamer made ready to ram, and the D A N I E L WEBSTER, despite a dozen holes in her huU, increased her fire on the W Y O M I N G . Already the LANRICK was beginning to settle from the WYOMING'S accurate fire. Down in the heart of the WYOMING, the engines backed hard to get her bow off the sand bar, and the men stood ready at the magazines to touch the powder off.

The W Y O M I N G finaUy answered the churning engines and slowly freed herself from the sand. Her guns again found the bark DANIEL WEBSTER, and

cleared the narrows and had reached deeper water. Most of the guns of the fort could not longer depress to fire on the vessel. Captain McDougal sprang to the starboard wing of the ship— "Go between the two sailers and take the steamer," he beUowed.

The heavily armed, heavily manned Jap ships were now hastily retrieving their anchors, their crews shouting and yeUing in nasal voices. The WYOMING'S guns, so close to the bark DANIEL WEBSTER and the brig LANRICK that her long guns seemed almost to reach the enemy, now spoke for the first time.

Every shot hit, and there was smoke, screams, and flame from the stricken vessels.

At this instant, four of the forts' guns were able to bear, and they fired with a thunder that raked the WYOMING from stem to stern. Another salvo or two from these guns might destroy the vessel.

The W Y O M I N G in the meantime, had

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she too began to sink. The two eleven inch pivot gtms of the WYOMING now swung round to the steamer and two shots whistled through the air. Both hit, one in her bridge, one in her boUer. With a loud explosion and a hiss of steam, the

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The W Y O M I N G stood away from the shore having destroyed the three ships, and now proceeded to deal with the forts.

One by one the batteries were silenced

An American ship as it looked to the Japanese in 1856. The Japanese characters in the upper left corner calls attention to the small boat (lower right), which they say was used for nothing "but transporting the anchor."

until at last, after seventy furious minutes, not a gun was left firing. The fort was wrecked, the three ships were sunk, and not a living thing was left in sight.

Licking her wounds, but with her flag proudly flying, the W Y O M I N G mrned back. She had been huUed ten times, her smokepipe was demolished, her rigging was in tatters, and there were five dead and seven wounded in her crew.

For his inspiring victory, for his splendid judgment, for his skillfuU accom-^ plishment of his mission, McDougal gained nothing. He was neither promoted nor praised for his defense of our flag or for his courageous fight. The United States, lost amid the smoke of the Civil War, had little time for an obscure battle fought on the other side of the world. But the Japs were impressed, and doubtlessly if anyone in Japan reads history books today they now see in that battle off Shimonoseki in 1863 the handwriting on the waU teUing of their coming annihilation.

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Navy War Bond Sales Rolling Along

SECURITY

NOTE

'T~'HE big news of the month on the War Bond front is stiU •'- the amazing fashion in which aUotments for bonds from the Navy's uniformed personnel stream into the S. & A. Field Branch at Cleveland. On September 22 the number of Navy aUotments passed the half-miUion mark, and this total was in addition to aUotments from Marine Corps and Coast Guard personnel.

These aUotments likewise are coming in at a steady pace— totaling more than 100,000 monthly, and although the aUotment program has been in effect for only six months, there is every indication that before long the percentage of participation wiU be 90 or over. This, considering the handicaps under which many naval personnel labor, including front-line battle conditions, is proof of the keen interest they have in their own War Bond progress.

Sales for both civilian and uniformed personnel in August made it the second most important month in the history of the bond program, with a grand total of $22,490,062. This total was exceeded only by that of July, when $27,783,065 poured into the war chest from Navy bond purchasers, through cash sales, payroU reservations and military aUotments.

The July total was substantiaUy boosted through Indepen-

Spying, Propaganda, and Victory {Continued from, page 21) workers ask indirect questions, listen to overheard conversations, observe the actions of the people. They report to their leaders, who report to their district leaders, who report in mrn to the regional leaders, who, after putting everything together, report to the German Ministry of Propaganda.

This is valuable information for the German goveriunent, but you're right: it isn't printed in the newspapers.

In Great Britain they do a great deal

S'tdhEven \i yoii have gof a job of woii to do, fhere \s m md to -falfi about it.'

dence Day cash sales, but it is worthy of note that instead of the drop in sales anticipated by some in August, the total for that month was acmaUy the highest for any normal month thus far.

The bond wagon, in other words, is stiU roUing in high.

of interviewing to check on public opinion, and the interviewers are also instructed to keep listening. They listen to conversations they hear on the street, in the streetcars, in places of amusement.

They overhear whatever they do overhear, and their results are tabulated and published. It is a kind of eavesdropping, but it is not the German system. It is not elaborately done, the government is not directly concerned with it, and the results are published. Espionage agents or foreign military attaches can also get some information about public opinion without having available any of this sort' of machinery.

if i( -k H SUifuruUe^ • • LOOFAHS

You can get information about opinion by finding out which expressed opinions are popular. One way is to see what the newspapers are saying in their editorials and then look up the sizes of their circulations. Editors generaUy manage to express the opinions their readers want.

If they don't those readers stop reading and the circulation drops, unless other readers start buying the paper because they like its views.

You can see which radio commentators are popular and what opinions they support. You can smdy the applause at movie theaters when the newsreels show statesmen and generals. You can see how

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many persons go to mass meetings held for particular piurposes. People don't often go to meetings hoping to get their opinions changed. They go hoping to hear arguments for what they already beUeve. ' T ' H E Japs are reported to have used •*- the applause method to find out how the Chinese in occupied China felt about the occupation. They intermpted a film to show a picmre of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen, China's George Washington. The audience hesitated; then applauded. Then they showed a picture of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek. There was a thunderous ovation. Then they showed the Chinese puppet governor, whom they themselves had placed in power. The audience booed, and the Japs had the answer to their question.

Most of these techniques can be used by a wise leader to determine opinion and morale in his outfit. The leader does not have to snoop, but when he begins to hear grumbUng or to hear of grumbUng, he wiU take notice and try to find out whether it is representative of his whole unit. Applause or boos at a camp show may teU him a lot If he reaUy wants to find out about how his men are feeUng, he talks to them—not aU of them, but a fair sample of them. There may be times when he ought to conduct a poU of opinion—not about a miUtary decision, but at least on how to spend the company fund.

Being interested in what people think is not undemocratic, even though you have to do some eavesdropping. It's the essence of democracy. And the wise leader, being a man who wants to help his men be successful, needs to know what the men are thinking and how they feel.

PROPAGANDA

The tmth is the best propaganda.

Propaganda does not have to be dishonest or lying. Hitler said that a Ue wUl be be-

Ueved if it is big enough, and it may be at first. But the big lies don't stand up. EvenmaUy the tmth catches them and unmasks them.

Yet even the truth has to be interpreted, has to have its bearing on obscure larger issues shown.

That's propaganda. It states a fact and also interprets it. It is trying to change opinion.

The goal of Propaganda is always a change in state of mind. In psychological warfare the goal is the undermining of enemy morale, the persuading of the enemy that his cause is hopeless and that he wiU be better off if he gives up. The propaganda may be directed at the whole enemy people, but it may also be directed merely at the other side of the front line.

It may be leaflets dropped on an enemy division, teUing him that he is surrounded, pointing out to him the evidence that he is really surrounded, reminding him of the kindly treatment he wiU get as a prisoner of war. " P R O P A G A N D A works on feelings •'- that are already present in the enemy.

N o tise to argue to a victorious column while it presses into new territory that final defeat for it is sure and that sturrender would be better. But when enemy morale is low, propaganda can make it lower—^wise, effective propaganda can.

Doubt, insecurity and frustration are the fertUe soU for psychological warfare.

Good propaganda always starts from a fact, an event. There has been a victory.

You cite that viaory and then interpret its significance to the enemy. Or there has been an air raid on a harbor or an unusual speU of cold weather with lots of snow at the front. The fact is known to the enemy, and forms a good start for propaganda. If you are attacking the whole enemy country, then the basis of the attack must be some important event that is believed by everyone to be true

as weU as important. Only weak propaganda starts with an unknown event or a lie and then enlarges upon it.

Starting the propaganda off with an important fact gets attention for it and also gives it the flavor of truth. Even falsehood may seem tme when closely connected with the truth. A jury may believe everything a witness says if he goes into minute detail and most of the details are obviously true. You don't expect a rotten apple among aU the good.

Since propaganda takes this advantage of facts, it must be timely. There is no use in teUing the enemy what good chow you have until you know he is short of food. Then it's a pity to miss a chance of reminding him what he would have to eat as a prisoner. You can't build on his defeat until he has had a defeat. Then you should go right to it and worry him a little more.

Good timing is essential. Save yoiur propaganda until the target shows. Then let go with your psychological fire.

If you aren't prompt, you may miss the boat—with propaganda. The first interpretation is nearly always the longest lived. Watch for an oppormnity and then use it at once. EspeciaUy does that rule hold for large scale radio propaganda. If we get our version of an important battle on the air first, the enemy's version may never catch up with it—or believe when it does come along.

Good propaganda never forgets its au-

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In order to start good propaganda you have to find out how the enemy is feeling. At the front that is generaUy done by questioning prisoners. The intelligence service may help in other ways.

For propaganda directed at an enemy nation, the information about what is going on inside the nation is obtained from neutral traveUers who have come out, from eaves dropping on the enemy local radio broadcasts, and sometimes also from prisoners. Often a prisoner wiU talk about what happened when he was recently on furlough, although he stays quite silent about what is going on at the front.

. it ain't necessarily so."

dience. You can't persuade unless you know what kind of minds, what set of opinions, you are talking to. That's why a nation cannot be propagandized unless its state of public opinion is known.

What you are saying must seem important to the listeners—important enough for them to risk their lives to listen. And important enough for them to repeat to their friends and neighbors. That is how propaganda gets around, mostly, by being passed on.

A group of people with different desires and different feelings make a poor propaganda target. No one argument appeals to them all. But soldiers generaUy form a good target. They are closely united by similar experiences, almost sure to feel the same fears, fmstrations, and doubts at the same time.

' I ^IMELY information about the enemy -'• people is particularly important for black propaganda. This type of propaganda is new in this war. Radio broadcasting developed it.

Black propaganda consists of radio broadcasts beamed to the enemy, but pretending to come from within the enemy's own territory. Sometimes it pretends to criticize the enemy government or his conduct of the war. And it makes aU sorts of suggestions that persons in the enemy nation might, often for selfish reasons, be disposed to carry out, once they are put in mind of them. Sometimes the suggestions are in negative form, suggestions not to do something. Everybody realizes that the admonition, "Johnny, don't put beans in your nose!" is likely to end by Johnny's putting beans just exactly where he was told not to.

genuine patriot wiU seU, if he has not done so already. But the selfish man— and how many of them there are—wiU think: "But why should I seU when the others do not.?" And so he holds on to the precious scrap when it really is not true that many others have been holding on to it.

The suggestions would not work, of course, if it were known that the broadcast really originated with the Germans.

It has to seem to the hearer to.arise in his own country.

COMBAT PROPAGANDA

Combat troops—at least in the German, Russian, and Japanese armies—are accompanied by propaganda units. They use public address systems, instaUed in field headquarters or in mobile units to talk directly to the enemy soldiers. They also broadcast behind the enemy lines, and drop leaflets behind them.

It was such a German unit that broadcast to the French soldiers in June, 1940, the "news' 'that a French Armistice commission was going to meet with German authorities to sign an armistice. The broadcast had a devastating effect on French morale. The French troops in the front line reasoned: "Why hold the line and be shot today, when the war wiU be over tomorrow.?" Resistance crumbled.

During the Polish campaign German propaganda units encouraged fraternization between the French and German troops on the Maginot Une. They wanted the French to think that this was a "phony" war—^until Poland was out of the way. So they beUowed friendly greetings over the Unes with their loud speakers, and even sometimes warned the French that a German shell was coming over.

Suppose a scrap dealer in London picks up a broadcast which reaUy originates in German-occupied territory, saying that British scrap dealers are holding on to their scrap because they think the price is going to rise. The broadcast enlarges on the need of the British government Dropping leaflets or newspapers befor scrap and urges the dealers to seU at hind the lines is a common form of proponce for patriotic reasons. WeU, the aganda. The enemy opposes this kind of

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attack by prescribing severe penalties for keeping or reading the material dropped.

T N the First World War the American -•• forces used the foUowing device for getting enemy soldiers to break the rules by keeping the leaflets dropped. Each leaflet carried a coupon which provided safe passage across the lines for a soldier who would surrender. Then, in addition, it described the rations of the U. S. Army and promised the same food to its prisoners. Many German soldiers, tired and hungry, kept and used the coupons.

It has been suggested that a leaflet might carry coupons which could be exchanged by soldiers after capture for beer, cigarettes, or simUar luxuries.

The Russians publish a newspaper for the benefit of the German soldiers. They caU it The Truth and drop it behind the German lines. By AprU 1942, there had been 250 issues of this paper, and 15,000,000 copies had been distributed. That made 15,000,000 bloodless shots at German soldiers, and some of them took effect. German prisoners taken by the Russians were found to have read many issues of The Truth and so to have learned the Russian point of view toward the war.

The Japanese drop leaflets over Chungking and other parts of China.

This propaganda turges the Chinese to join with the Japanese in "Throwing off the yoke of Britain and America." They also dropped a munber of similar leaflets on our troops in Bataan.

British bombers drop thousands of tiny newspapers aU over Germany and German-occupied countries. These papers have four pages, each eight inches square, are folded up to the size of a cigarette and are printed in several different languages. They have iUustrations and carry the latest news—the real news of the United Nations, the news which cannot pass the German censor.

VICTORY FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE

There is a formula for victory in psychological warfare. It applies to whole nations and to small groups, to civilians and to troops. It is the formula for breaking the wiU to resist, for creating surrender. In war you can kill men, coerce them, or change their minds. Psychological warfare aims to change their minds.

T TERE are the four steps in this kind of -'• -^ victory. They do not have to happen in quick succession. If you catch the enemy at any one point you can perhaps help him on the next. The order may change, but this is the most effective one.

(1) The enemy must be weary. He must be sick and tired and discouraged.

Sick of being separated from his loved ones. Tired of cold and short rations, of grief and blood, of maiming and privation, of desolation and the destruction of war.

STATEMENT OF T H E OWNERSHIP, .MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC., REQUIRED

BY T H E ACTS OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912, A N D MARCH 3. 1 9 3 3 , of SHIPMATE published monthly at Annapolis, Maryland, for September 30. 1943.

STATE O F MARYLAND ) jj COUNTY O F A N N E ARUNDEL J

Before me, a Notary Public in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared Harry R. England, who, having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the Editor of the S H I P M A T E and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership, management (and if a daily paper, the circulation), etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the Act of March 3, 1933, embodied in section 537, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse side of this form, to wit; 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher, U.S.N.A. Alumni Association, Annapolis, Maryland.

Editor, Harry "R. England, Annapolis, Maryland.

Managing Editor, Harry R. England, Annapolis.

Maryland.

Business Manager, Harry R. England, Annapolis, Maryland.

2. That the owner is: (If owned by a corporation, its name and address must be stated and also immediately thereunder the names and addresses of stockholders owning or holding one per cent or more of total amount of stock. If not owned by a corporation, the names and addresses of the individual owners must be given. If owned by a firm, company, or other unincorporated concern, its name and address, as well as those of each individual member, must be given.)

U. S. Naval Academy Alumni Association, Inc., Annapolis, Maryland.

N o stockholders.

3. That the known bondholders, niortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: (If there are none, so state.)

None. .

4. That the two paragraphs next above, givmg the names of tlie owners, stockholders, and security holders, if any, contain not only the list of stockholders and security holders as they appear upon the books of the company but also, in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the boolcs of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee is acting, is given; also that tlie said rwo paragraphs contain statements embracing afiiant's full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this affiant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, or corporation has any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other securities than as so stated by him.

HARRY R. ENGLAND, Editor.

Sworn to and subscribed before me this 1st day pf Oaober, 1943, Margaret M. Nayden. {SEAL] My commission expires May 7, 1945.

And the civilians at home can be sick and tired too. Tired of working long hours, tired of being bombed. Tired of going without enough food. Tired of the privations and horrors of total war.

This first step—^getting the enemy war weary—depends on the military and economic arms. There has to be blockade and defeat. People do not get sick of success and plunder and plenty.

(2) The second step in psychological warfare is to mrn disiUusionment into despair, to convince the weary enemy that victory is impossible. Here propaganda can help the military. Every defeat serves this purpose, but a defeat of the enemy skiUfuUy interpreted to him serves the purpose better. Show that he lost the battle because he did not have enough (3) The third step is to promise someammunition when the munitions fac- thing better. Show him a way out. The tories are being bombed so heavily at cornered beast fights to the death unless home. he sees a way of escape. To the troops in

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the enemy line, oflFer good rations and the comforts accorded to prisoners of war.

And to them, as well as to the entire enemy nation, offer a fair peace, a peace that is better than what they have, than what they can any longer expect. Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points did much to shorten the First World War. They were a blueprint for a fair peace. Now we have the Atlantic Charter, with still further specifications possible later.

fare is sophistication, knowing all about it. You have got to know what the enemy is up to. You have got to know what propaganda is, how warfare is conducted by it, what the enemy is trying to do to you. Then you will not be duped.

tion you hear about the reason a battle was won or lost, or the reason there isn't any more coffee. Wait. The first story is the best propaganda, because it has no other story to overcome, but it is not necessarily the best for you to believe.

There may be another story along in a few days that will make the basic fact in the story look very different. Don't snap at the bait. Wait for a worm without a hook in it.

Don't trust the enemy. If you hear a broadcast, get hold of a leaflet, are told a rumor, inquire into its source. Be suspicious if you can't tell who started the ideas. Tmst the enemy only when he is This is wholly the job of propaganda. fighting you. If he starts giving you adBut, in general, don't trust the enemy.

Military offense cannot accomplish it, al- vice "for your own good," you may know Don't trust the enemy. If he mrns friendthough the Army can conduct the propa- for sure that it is really for his own ly, fear himâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;or better, understand that ganda at the front. good. he's up to no good. If you are capmred, (4) After the creation of despair, afRemember that broadcasts and leaf- tell him your name, rank, and number, ter the promise of something better, there and nothing else. Just because he seems is left still one further step for psycho- lets don't necessarily come from the friendly and well-meaning, don't spill logical warfare. The enemy must be led sources from which they claim to come. things you think are unimportant. You And rumor never states its source except to fix the blame on his own leaders. The in vague terms. can't know what is important to him. soldier who surrenders when he could The little details of the life in your outfit have fought on must have some excuse, or back in the States may be just what he " D E critical.

Even though a story starts and he will find it if his discipline is wants to know. If he has been a tourist in ' ' off with what you know to be true, broken down by his conviction that his don't trust the interpretation that is your own home town, don't be led into own leaders are responsible for his untacked on to the tmth.

Think it through. exchanging reminiscences of your old necessary predicament. That last step Distinguish between facts that can be may come of itself, but propaganda can haunts. And don't tell how your folks at verified and alleged facts that can't. Dis- home are getting on, no matter how symhelp it. tinguish between facts and interpreta- pathetic he is about them. He needs to T H E PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSIVE tions. Don't be a sucker. Use your head. know or he would not spend time talking The defense against psychological warAnd so don't accept the first interpreta- about such things.

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Learning To Live While Training to Fight {Continued from page 23) were set up in the aummn of 1942 and gradually, in answer to pleas from the Fleet, bases, and stations, the program took shape. On January 1, 1943, a new Educational Services Section was created as part of the Training Division in the Bureau of Naval Personnel. The mission of the new section was organized broadly under fotu: major aaivities: 1. Establishment of Educational Service Centers on outlying and continental bases under specially trained officersupervisors; 2. The gathering, editing and distribution of War Information; 3. The creation of a Language Instruction program in over 25 languages and dialects of the world; 4. The planning for the postwar reentry of Naval personnel into civilian a man whose time is occupied in conlife. structive smdy, in individual growth and As organized, this program was not in in intelligent use of leisure time is the conflict with—in fact it fitted cleanly and man whose fighting efficiency is highest, smoothly into—the Navy's general who is eager to do a good job and who is training program. The Navy believes that anxious to advance both his own and

The establishment of educational service centers in outlying and continental bases has made it possible for many men to continue their education while in military service.

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the Navy's welfare. The Navy's attitude cation, while all were under 30 years of is the corollary of the old proverb: "The age. devil finds use for idle hands."

Another feamre of these educational services is that of distributing timely and T>ROBABLY the best developed of accurate war information. For part of â&#x20AC;˘^ these educational services is the huge this phase of the program, we have borcorrespondence course operated jointly rowed the Army's Newsmap, published by the Army and Navy. It is the United by the Special Services of the Army. This States Armed Forces Instimte at the Uni- is widely distributed to Naval personnel versity of Wisconsin, Madison. Through and has filled an acute need for adequate the Navy Register, Naval personnel may information on the progress of the war. enroll in approximately 70 high school A second phase of war information level courses and ten times as many at activity is the widespread use of docuthe college level. mentary and training films. Already the To speed the program, answers to documentary films "Prelude to War" and questions from men overseas are handled "The Nazis Strike," as well as the technicolor "Battle of Midway" have brought

by V-Mail. resounding cheers from news-starved The Instimte is popular, and is giving men the oppormnity to complete their men on lonely island bases, on shipboard educations. By the end of January, 1943, and in recruit or indoctrination centers. over 80 per cent of those enroUed in Widespread use is made of other films, coiu'ses had had less than two years of less dramatic, but equally as effective in service, while the same percentage had bringing war news and world news to been out of school for more than two Naval personnel. years. Most popular subjects were matheA vital problem is being attacked in matics and business, followed closely by our third educational service which deals technical, engineering and electrical sub- with educational postwar planning. The jects. Over 66 per cent of the enrollees problems of peace are many, and perhaps had had no more than a high school edu- remote, but should be faced now. They

involve the whole process of demobilization, of planning for the remrn of men and women from Naval service to civilian jobs or to the resumption of educational careers. They involve the guidance and counseling of these men and women now in order that a secure and effective transition to civilian life may be made later; they involve the conversion of Navy jobs and skills to peacetime positions and trades, and they involve the whole area of accreditation for war experience.

Accreditation for military service is based upon the assumption that a man or woman who has passed through a period of Naval service has acquired in due course certain skills, information and attimdes which can be certified for him in such a way as to make the transition from military to civilian life easier and more harmonious. This "certification" or appraisal of war experience rests upon adequate testing devices. Already outstanding authorities in the evaluation field are preparing such tests designed to collate and appraise the total educational experience in the accomplishment of the "direct military task" as well as acmal educational achievement of formal

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namre. Appropriate records will be made available to schools and colleges and to prospective employers for whatever grading, placement or hiring use they desire to make of them.

T

HE most immediately useful aspect of the various services, however, is the establishment of the Educational Service Centers on the bases and stations of the Naval establishment itself. To these bases are constantly being sent a stream of carefully trained officer-supervisors.

These officers are charged with the teaching and administering of instmction in a wide variety of courses, requested by the men themselves.

In one of these Centers requests were made by both officers and men for instruction in: Spanish, history, radio, shorthand and typing, English, carpentry, public speaking, mathematics, physics, chemistry, plumbing, music appreciation, and economic geography.

The task of the officer-supervisor is to set up informal classes in these subjects, if numbers and time schedule permit, and to find competent teachers to give the courses. Usually the supervisor can himself take time out from administra-

tive and record-keeping duties to teach one or more of such classes.

From Over There to Johnny Zero

This officer is steward for off-duty education. He guides and counsels officers and men in the selection of correspondence courses, and through the Armed Forces Instimte in selecting school or college courses. During long dark evenings in northern latimdes, the Educational Service Center may be a "little red schoolhouse" where men are learning languages by Linguaphone Records, poring over mathematics problems, reading history, listening to discussions of the latest Newsmap or smdying technical magazines, pocket guides or intelligence reports.

{Continued from page 22) the home front, and for the drive against the black market, Porterhouse Lucy.

The potential contribution of this broad program of wartime, non-military education is an exciting prospect. It is the picture of American men moving to vital fronts of the United Nations, encountering differing culmres and values, learning new languages, smdying the skills of war for their long term, as well as their wartime, importance and in so doing salvaging a strong and useful kernel of constmctive living from the waste and horror of war.

HE Army's keen interest in music as a morale-builder is evidenced by the Army Song Book which appears in two editions, one with music and the other containing words only for distribution to the soldiers; and more spectacularly perhaps by the Hit Kit, a collection of the most popular songs of the month printed and distributed to the soldiers once a month, two million copies in each printing.

A word or two should be added on the subject of outstanding foreign war songs. The Australians have carried with them all over the world dieir Waltzing Matilda, a song which has nodiing whatever to do with the war. I've Got Sixpence, immensely popular with the RAF, has found its way into the American Hit Kit. Bless 'Em All is anodier song so popular with the British that it has been adopted by the doughboy. Its title is misleading; it is a "gripe" song directed at drill sergeants, corporals, and their kind.

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On the Beam / ^ O M M A N D E R E. J. Steichen's Kodachromes of naval sub^^-' jects have set a new standard in military and naval photography. Since the beginning of this war, they have been used widely by national magazines and have been the center of attraction in many special exhibits of wartime photography.

An interesting little detail about his study of the Chapel, which is this month's cover picture, is that he worked half a day getting the lighting arrangement and the sunlight synchronized to his satisfaction. We think it is one of the outstanding Kodachromes we have ever seen.

C HIPMATE desires to express appreciation to the New York ^ Times for permission to reprint the drawings of United Nations leaders which appeared in this issue. * * * * * * TIEUTENANT Malcohn Winfield Cagle, '41, who conâ&#x20AC;˘*-* tributed "The Japanese Naval Defeat at Shimonoseki in 1863" in this issue, was born in Grand Junction, Colorado. He attended high school in Knoxville, Tennessee and during his Academy days was news editor of the Log. Since his graduation, he has been stationed on the USS OvERTON, at the Naval Air Station, Dallas, Texas, and now can be addressed NAS, Melbourne, Florida. * * * * * * "T} EADERS of SHIPMATE will be interested to know that -'-^Lieutenant Robert C. Osborn's drawing of Dilbert, which have been so widely used in training literature by the Bureau of Aeronautics, are being preserved by Coward-McCann, Inc., publishers, in a book they are bringing out to be titled Dilbert: Just An Accident Looking for a Place to Happen. Lieutenant Osborn's drawings have added much to the series on Psychological Warfare which he illustrated.

TIEUTENANT Warren S. Holmes, USNR, who contributed -"^ the notes on war music in this issue, had pursued an interesting career before entering the Navy. He attended both Harvard and Yale, and has nineteen years of teaching in a preparatory school to his credit. He has acted as a church organist, choir master, speaks French, Spanish, Italian, and Portugese, and spent three summers on a horse ranch in Colorado.

At present he is attached to the Training Division, Educational Services Section of BuPers. * * * * * * / ^ P P O R T U N I T Y is taken once again to express apprecia^^ tion to Mr. Ivan Ray Tannehill and Princeton University Press for permission to reprint sections of his forthcoming book Weather Around the World, which began in this issue.

Mr. Tannehill asked us to point out, and we do so herewith, that the book is written for the laymen and not for experienced seamen and navigators. All the same, we'll bet that many old hands find much that is new and interesting in his articles.

Next month he will discuss clouds and their effect on weather conditions. * * * * * * C HIPMATE next month will also have the privilege of pub^ lishing what undoubtedly is one of the best stories ever written about the United States Coast Guard, its traditions and its part in today's war. The article has been written especially for SHIPMATE by Arthur Bernon Tourtellot, until recently a StaflF writer for Time Magazine but now a part of the organization that has to go out but doesn't have to come back.

90

Index to Advertisers Aerial Products, Inc 31, American Sponge & Chamois Co., Inc 82 Annapolis Banking & Trust Company 67 Asiatic Petroleum Corp.

74 Beech Aircraft Corporation 7 The L. A. Benson Co., Inc 71 F. W. Berk & Co., Inc 82 Brad-Foote Gear Works 65 Brockway Motor Co., Inc 63 Brown & Forman Distillers Corp 69 Busch-Sulzer Bros.â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Diesel Engine Co 55 Calumet Refining Company 71 Cameron Manufacturing Co 87 Capital Machine Company 88 The Circo Products Co 68 The Cleveland Container Co 78 Columbia Steel & Shafting Co 87 Cox & Stevens Aircraft Corp 83 Crane Packing Company 1 Crompton-Richmond Co., Inc 85 The Crosse & Blackwell Co , 73 DeLaval Steam Turbine Co 89 Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc 43 W. L. Douglas Shoe Company 79 Morton McI. Dukehart & Co 78 Eccles & Davies Machinery Co., Inc 59 Emblem Manufacturing Co 61 Fairbanks, Morse & Co 45 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp 47 Friden Calculating Machine Co 37 Funk Forging Company 80 General Electric Company 2 General Machinery Company 76 Guided Radio Corp 80 Hammond Lumber Co. & Hammond Shipping Co... 81 Hawley Products Company 73 Henry's Studio 75 Herff-Jones-Chicago, Inc 83 Jack & Heintz, Inc Inside Back Cover F. L. Jacobs Company 49 Jamestown Steel Partitions, Inc 81 Kenyon Transformer Co., Inc 80 Kewaunee Manufacturing Co 84 Lafayette Metal Spinning Co 66 Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co Back Cover Link Paper Company 79 Los Angeles Heavy Hardware Co 68 Casper Lowenstein, Inc 87 The Marquette Metal Products Co 29 The W. L. Maxson Corp 51 The May Oil Burner Co 81 Miracle Adhesives Co^p 53 McGill Manufacturing Co 66 McKiernan-Terry Corp 69 The Herman Nelson Corp 76 New Departure, Div. Gen. Motors Corp 6 Oakland Foundry Company 88 L. Oppleman Company 87 E. W. Pike & Company 88 Princeton University Press 75 Queens Boxing Corp 74 Reversible Collar Co 77 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co Inside Front Cover Rock River Woolen Mills 88 Rohr Aircraft Corporation 35 Sawyer Electrical Mfg. Co 89 Schramm, Inc 41 The Sight Light Corp 89 Standard Forgings Corp 57 The Standard Ultramarine Co 89 Taylor Manufacturing Co 85 Union Paste Company 86 Vacuum Can Company 3 Weems System of Navigation 39 Wittek Manufacturing Co 86 The Wooster Brass Company 86 Worcester Taper Pin Co 86 Worthington Pump & Machinery Corp * 70 Wrenthen Products Company 70

SHIPMATE

Athletics

Cooks Get Around

{Continued from page 27)

The Navy messcook had just whipped up some orders of fried eggs for a hungry mob of sailors. Wearied by his slaving over a hot stove, he sat down, yawned, lit a black seegar and wrote a letter to his sweetheart back home: "Darling," he began, "for the past three hours shells have been bursting all around me."

caught in the wash from following boats and nearly swamped. They were forced to beach their shell which was found to be cracked. At the time they dropped out of the competition they were about six lengths behind the Columbia shell which was trailing the Midshipmen varsity.

The Coliunbia oarsmen got away from the start in the lead but were unable to hold it. Before the first five-sixteenths mile had been covered the Navy varsity was leading by a half length and was hitting a 37 beat with Columbia stroking a 38.

Navy pulled ahead by three-quarters of a length about three-quarters of a mile from the finish and then dropped to a 34 stroke.

John Hoenighavsen, Columbia stroke, upped his beat to 36 and the Lions began pulling up on the flying Middie shell They cut the Navy lead down to a half length, when Bill Jenkins, Navy stroke, picked up the challenge and sent his beat to 37. The crews raced down the final half mile with Navy going to a 39 at the finish and Columbia moving into a 40.

Although the Columbia oarsmen were running smoothly and giving the Middies a battle they were unable to overcome the initial lead.

Navy went over the finish line in seven minutes, 25 seconds, with Columbia following three seconds later. The Plebes slowly rowed in and beached their shell opposite the finish. They made the trip back to the Naval Academy in a motor boar.

Navy's junior varsity soccer team won its initial practice test on Sept. 18 by beating Sacred Heart of Baltimore, 4 to 2.

With the score tied two all at halftime. Navy put on the pressure to tally one each in the next two periods to win.

Bucky Bucknell, of Navy, scored in close after dribbling in for position to break the tie. Plebe Arturo Calisto put the game on ice by scoring from the right wing in the closing minute.

BASEBALL

The Navy baseball team wound up its season by winning a 9 to 1 game from the Westport Baseball Club of Baltimore, on August 16.

O C T O B E R , 1943

was attached, the USS J U N E A U , was

torpedoed and sunk by the enemy.)

Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

RICHARD CLYDE G L E N N , '41, Lt.

i:f)e lagt Call '35, It., USN. Diedâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; Presumptive 5 June 1943. (Officially reported missing in action as of 4 June 1942, when the plane of which he was pilot was lost during the Battle of Midway. In compliance with Section 5 of Public Law 490, as amended, death is presumed to have occurred on 5 June 1943.) Pacific Area, enemy action.

SAMUEL ADAMS,

R A L P H CLAUS ANDERSON, JR., '40, Lt.,

USN. Died 4 July 1943, near Auxiliary Air Station, Lee Field, Florida.

Plane crash, not enemy action.

J O H N TAYLOR BLODGETT, "40, Lt., USN.

Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. OfficiaUy reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, the USS J U N E A U , was torpedoed and

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

JOHN

SOCCER

1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. Officially reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he

MATTHEW

ENNIS,

'35,

Lt.

(jg),

USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. Officially reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, the USS JUNEAU, was torpedoed and

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

WARREN

FREDERICK

GRAF,

'27,

Lt.

Comdr., USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Act. Secty. of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. Officially reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, the USS J U N E A U was torpedoed and

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

FRANK CAMPBELL GRAHAM, '36,

Lt.,

USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Act. Secty. of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. Officially reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, the USS J U N E A U was torpedoed and sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

Comdr., USN. Died 15 July 1943, thirteen miles from NAS HoUister, Calif. US area. Plane crash, not WILLLA.M MATTHEWS HOBBY, JR., '23, Comdr., USN. Died 13 November enemy action.

1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Acting Secretary HAROLD EDWARD FISHER, '42, Lt. (jg), of the Navy, to have died on 13 NoUSN. Died 13 November 1942. (Unvember 1942.

Officially reported der date of 19 July 1943, officially demissing in action as of 13 November clared by Acting Secretary of the 1942, when the vessel to which he Navy, to have died 13 November was attached, the USS JUNEAU, was 1942. Officially reported missing in torpedoed and sunk by the enemy.) action as of 13 November 1942, when Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy the vessel to which he was attached, action. the USS JUNEAU, was torpedoed and

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

GEORGE

(SC),

STEWART

FULLER,

USN. Died

'35,

Lt.

13 November

H U G H E S H O U G H , '91, Rear Admiral, USN (Ret.). Died 9 September 1943, at the Roosevelt Hospital, N. Y. C

HENRY

91

W I L M E R JOSEPH ILSLEY, JR., '44, Ens.,

the USS J U N E A U was torpedoed and

the vessel to which he was attached,

USN. Died 16 July 1943, near U. S. Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, Florida, U. S. Area. Plane crash, not enemy action.

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

the USS JUNEAU, was torpedoed and

THEODORE CHARLES LYSTER, JR., '36,

W A L T O N ROSWELL SEXTON, '97,

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

Ad-

miral, USN (Ret.). Died 9 September 1943, at the Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.

This space allotted by Shipmate Lt., USN. Died 13 November 1942. each m o n t h for t h e news o f (Under date of 19 July 1943, officialBranch Associations of U. S. Naly declared by Acting Secretary of the RuFus G. SHIRLEY, '95. Died 17 April val Academy.

Navy, to have died on 13 November 1943.

1942. Officially reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when RICHARD DAVIDS STEPHENSON, '35, Lt. the vessel to which he was attached, BRANCH Comdr., USN. Died 10 July 1943, MARYLAND the USS JUNEAU, was torpedoed and Atlantic Area, enemy action. sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Is-

lands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

'16, Capt., USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officiaUy declared by Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. OfficiaUy reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the USS J U N E A U , to which he was attached was torpedoed and sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

LYMAN K N U T E SWENSON,

'08, Midshipman, USN (Ret.). Died 18 July 1943, in Freeport Hospital, Freeport, Texas.

ANDREW BYRNE M C N E I L L ,

CHARLES CLARK MILLER, '44, Ensign,

USN. Died 26 July 1943, Naval Air Station, Daytona Beach, Florida.

Plane crash, not enemy action.

THOMAS O L I N OBERRENDER, JR., '27,

Lt. Comdr., USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Act. Secty. of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. Officially reported missing in aaion as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attac"hed, the USS J U N E A U was torpedoed and

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

VIRGIL

HAROLD

TRAXLER,

JR.,

'43,

Ensign, USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officiaUy declared by Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. OfficiaUy reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, the USS JUNEAU was torpedoed and sunk by the enemy.)

Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

The September meeting of the Maryland Branch was held Wednesday, September 15 at the Stafford Hotel, Baltimore, Md. Most of those attending the meeting arrived in time for dinner which was served at 7 p.m., and afterwards a pow-wow was enjoyed.

Among those present were W. T. Saunders, '90; Comdr. M. D. Gilmore, '11, USN (Ret.), now on active duty; P. L. Holland, '08; C. Demarest, '19; Eric Anderson, '20; Lt. Art. Bryan, '22, USN (Ret.); C. S. Silsbee, '25. Lt. Comdr. USNR; Lt. G. J. Laurent, USNR; J. T. Waldhauser, Jr., '23; Lt J. B. Poore, '25; USN (Ret.); Lt .(jg) T. C. King, '27, USN (Ret.); C. R. Wise, '41; H. K. Legare, '30; Carl Weikel; W. J. Conklin, Jr., '42; Lt. (jg) USN; A. M Rhudy, '16; Harry R. England, '27, Sec.-Treas. of our Parent Association; Delano J. Fitzgerald, '27.

For further information concerning the Maryland Branch please communicate with Delano J. Fitzgerald, '27, Seaetary, 203 Taplow Road, Baltimore, Maryland.

NEW YORK

BRANCH

The first fall meeting of the Naval Academy Association of New York was held on FREDERICK W A R R E N PURDY, '33, Lt. Wednesday, September Sth, 1943, at 12:30 Comdr., USN. Died 5 July 1943, Pa- ALBION JAMES WADHAMS, '95. Died P.M., at the Midday Club. There were 117 and members present, representing all cific Area, enemy action.

22 August 1943, in Elizabethtown, guests classes, with Mr. Sidney Z. Mitchell, Class New York. of '83, being the oldest member present.

THOMAS

MICHAEL

RODDY,

'40,

Lt.,

USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Acting Secretary of Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942.

OfficiaUy reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, the USS JUNEAU,

was torpedoed

and

sunk by the enemy.) Solomon Islands, Pacific Area, enemy action.

J O H N W A L T Z SALVAGE, '39, Lt.,

CHARLES

WALDRON,

'24,

Lt.

Comdr., USN. Diedâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Presumptive date 5 June 1943. (OfficiaUy reported missing in action as of 4 June 1942, when the plane of which he was pilot was shot down in the Battle of Midway. In compliance with Section 5 of Public Law 490, as amended, death is presumed to have occurred on 5 June 1943.) Pacific Area, enemy action.

USN.

Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officially declared by Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. OfficiaUy reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when the vessel to which he was attached, 92

JOHN

'25, Lt. Comdr., USN. Died 13 November 1942. (Under date of 19 July 1943, officiaUy declared by the Acting Secretary of the Navy, to have died on 13 November 1942. Officially reported missing in action as of 13 November 1942, when

K N O W L T O N WILLIAMS,

After luncheon, Rear Admiral C. E. Roseadahl, in charge of Naval Airship Training Command at Lakehurst, N. J., addressed the group on The Lighter-Than-Air Program.

Including Admiral Rosendahl, there were among those present at the speaker's table, Admiral T. C. Craven, Capt. M. R. Pierce of the Lakehurst Air Station and Mr. H. C. Beaver, President of Worthington Pump & Machinery Corp., (as guest of Mr. H. C. Ramsey).

It was announced that arrangements were under consideration for groups to attend various football games with the possibility of a special meeting at the time of the Army-Navy game at West Point.

An Executive Meeting was called for Sept.

16th, 1943.

For further information concerning the New York Branch please communicate with Wm. B. Jupp, '13, Secretary, 26 Broadway, N. Y. C.

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