8 Atomic Physics 8.6 Related Experiments
Helium neon laser, basic set
P2260701 Principle The difference between spontaneous and stimulated emission of light is demonstrated. The beam propagation within the resonator cavity of a He- Ne laser and its divergence are determined, its stability criterion is checked and the relative output power of the laser is measured as a function of the tube's position inside the resonator and of the tube current. The following items can be realized with advanced set 08656.02. By means of a birefringent tuner and a Littrow prism different wavelengths can be selected and quantitatively determined if a monochromator is available. Finally you can demonstrate the existence of longitudinal modes and the gain profile of the He-Ne laser provided an analysing Fabry Perot system is at your disposal.
For more details refer to page 300.
Optical pumping
P2260800 Principle The visible light of a semiconductor diode laser is used to excite the neodymium atoms within a Nd-YAG (NeodymiumYttrium Aluminium Garnet) rod. The power output of the semiconductor diode laser is first recorded as a function of the injection current. The fluorescent spectrum of the Nd-YAG rod is then determined and the maon absorption lines of the Nd-atoms are verified. Conclusively, the mean life-time of the4F3/2-level of the Ndatoms is measured in approximation.
For more details refer to page 301.
Zeeman effect with an electromagnet
P2511001 Principle The "Zeeman effect" is the splitting upof the spectral lines of atoms within a magnetic field. The simplest is the splitting up of one spectral line into three components called the "normal Zeeman effect". In this experiment the normal Zeeman effect as well as the anomalous Zeeman effect are studied using a cadmium spectral lamp as a specimen. The cadmium lamp is submitted to different magnetic flux densities and the splitting up of the cadmium lines (normal Zeeman effect 643.8 nm, red light; anomalous Zeeman effect 508,6nm, green light) is investigated using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The evaluation of the results leads to a fairly precise value for Bohr's magneton.
For more details refer to page 198.
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