Nataliya Cherkas PhD, Associate professor, Lviv Academy of Commerce Ukraine, Lviv EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF MANUFACTURED EXPORTS STIMULATION Steady growth of exports of high technology products [17] shows the increasing attention that the states-world leaders provide to the problems of early implementation of innovations. It is clear that today the "economic breakthrough" in the growth of developing countries can be achieved only by developing of hightech industrial production and increase in exports of their products [15]. That is the way followed by Europe (high-tech industries accounted more than 24% of manufactured exports from Switzerland, Hungary and France in 2010) [17]. The manufactured export increase is traditionally considered as an engine of sustainable economic growth [1, 2, 5, 6, 15]. Despite the long debate on means of manufactured export stimulation [6, 8, 15, 16], there were no consensus about the nature of findings and recommendations. This equally applies to international and Ukrainian experience. The purpose of this paper is to perform a comparative analysis of the tools of manufactured exports increasing in the EU and preparation of appropriate recommendations for the Ukrainian export sector. In Eastern Europe the economy was developed on the technological basis as a result of transition to a market economy and growing openness. Hungary, before integration into the EU, has made the transition from primary exports to export of technological and capital-intensive goods [14]. Similar changes in favor of goods with high added value occurred in the export structure of Czech Republic and Poland before entering into the EU. In Eastern Europe after joining the EU the inflow of foreign capital had intensified, particularly into manufactured industries. The improvement of export effectiveness of "new Europe" was one of the most important characteristics of integration in the European Union. The transition from planned to market economy has led to significant growth in international trade, particularly with the EU-15 - a powerful highly developed market, which quickly became a major trading partner. In late 1990s, most CEE countries have reached the level of openness inherent in market economies of appropriate size and degree of development. During 19702010 the export of high-tech products from the EU increased from 19.7 to 40.6% (compared to the growth of high-tech exports in the world - from 13.7 to 27.9%, respectively) [17]. The export structure of Central and Eastern Europe during the transition period has undergone significant changes as increasing the share of medium-and high-tech products while reducing the share of raw materials and products using low skilled labor. Economic development of the CEE countries is closely linked to technological export, import of capital and foreign direct investment [8]. Advanced analysis of the impact of reforms in transition (price liberalization, stabilization policy, exchange rate, trade regime, the state monopoly of foreign trade, export and import control) on the efficiency of exports showed a steady relationship between radical internal reforms and successful reorientation of foreign trade [10]. The independence and limitation of central planning in CEE had intensified the foreign trade and led to the geographical reorientation of exports and imports [7]. Geographic diversification of exports of CEE countries to the EU depends on the success of structural reforms and geographical proximity. The countries that had liberalized trade regime and abolished price setting has increased exports to the countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The process of opening the markets of OECD countries in transition economies covered three stages. The first step was the abolition of discriminatory non-tariff restrictions. The second stage was to provide preferential market access within the General System of Preferences (GSP), which has put transitional economy on a par with developing countries. The third step was the signing of trade agreements between the EU-15 and CEE countries. B. Kaminsky [9] provides the following factors of export development disparity in CEE: unequal initial conditions for the transition period, the differences of access
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