The Visual Dictionary of the Human Body was created and produced by
Editor
Caroline Fortin
QA International 329, rue de la Commune Ouest, 3e étage Montréal (Québec) H2Y 2E1 Canada T: 514.499.3000 F: 514.499.3010
Editorial Director Martine Podesto
Editor-in-Chief Anne Rouleau
Graphic Designers
Mélanie Giguère-Gilbert Josée Noiseux
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Layout
Émilie Corriveau Pascal Goyette Danielle Quinty
© QA International, 2013. All rights reserved. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 16 15 14 13 PO 538, Version 1.2
Illustrators
Art Director: Sylvain Bélanger Danielle Bader Manuela Bertoni Jocelyn Gardner Mélanie Giguère-Gilbert Alain Lemire Raymond Martin Émilie McMahon Anouk Noël
Açıklamalı Insan Anatomisi Atlası 2014 Çeviri Editörü: Prof. Dr. Mehmet YILDIRIM ISBN: 978-605-335-004-0 Bu kitabın Türkçeye çeviri hakkı ©QA International tarafından Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri Tic. Ltd. Şti.’ne verilmiştir. 5846 ve 2936 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eser leri yasası hükümleri gereğince herhangi bir bölümü, resmi veya yazısı, ya zarların ve yayınlayıcısının yazılı izni alınmadan tekrarlanamaz, basılamaz, kopyası çıkarılamaz, fotokopisi alınamaz veya kopya anlamı taşıyabilecek hiçbir işlem yapılamaz. Yayımcı : Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri Tic. Ltd. Şti. Millet Cad. No:111 34104 Fatih-İstanbul Yayımcı Sertifika No : 15710 Baskı / Cilt (Printing House) : Hong Kong Baskı Tarihi : Eylül 2013 - Hong Kong
Programmer-analyst Éric Gagnon
Project Managers Nathalie Fréchette Véronique Loranger
Prepress
Benjamin Dubé François Hénault
Proofreading
Myriam Caron Belzile Claude Frappier Veronica Schami
Scientific Advisor
Dr. Éric Philippe, Ph. D.
ÇEVİRİ EDİTÖRÜ Prof. D r. Mehmet YILDIRIM İ. Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Anatomi Anabilim Dalı Öğretim Üyesi EDİTÖR YARDIMCISI Prof. D r. Yusuf ZEKİ YILDIZ İ. Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Anatomi Anabilim Dalı Öğretim Üyesi ÇEVİRİ KURULU
Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mennan Ece AYDIN (s. 72 - 83) Doç. Dr. Çağatay BARUT (s. 34 - 45) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Zafer Kutay COŞKUN (s. 88 - 99) Doç. Dr. Selman ÇIKMAZ (s. 56 - 71) Prof. Dr. Tuncay ÇOLAK (s. 108 - 113) Prof. Dr. Cannur DALCIK (s. 6-13) Prof. Dr. Mustafa DENİZ (s. 20 - 33) Prof. Dr. Mehmet ELBİSTAN (s. 72 - 83) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Hayat ERDİL (s. 84 - 87) Prof. Dr. Alirıza ERDOĞAN (s. 130 - 137) Prof. Dr. Savaş HATİPOĞLU (s. 114 - 121) Prof. Dr. Cem KOPUZ (s. 72 - 83) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sedat MEYDAN (s. 46 - 55) Prof. Dr. Turan PEŞTEMALCI (s. 138-143) Doç. Dr. Özdemir SEVİNÇ (s. 122 - 129) Prof. Dr. Cudi TUNCER (s. 114 - 121) Doç. Dr. Enis ULUÇAM (s. 56 - 71) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mübeccel ULUKAVAK (s. 14- 19) Prof. Dr. Mehmet YILDIRIM (s. 138 - 143) Prof. Dr. Y. Zeki YILDIZ (s. 138 - 143) Doç. Dr. Ali YILMAZ (s. 56 - 71) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Neslihan YÜZBAŞIOĞLU (s. 100 - 107)
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This book is part of a larger encyclopedic project on health in general. About 300 specialists from America and Europe participated in the scientific validation of texts and illustrations produced for this project: Sylvie Louise Avon, D.M.D., M. Sc., CS (ODQ), FRCD(C), Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval; Abdel-Rahmène Azzouzi, M.D., Ph. D., Urology Service, CHU d’Angers; Stéphane Barrette, M.D., hematologist-oncologist, CHU Sainte-Justine; Louise Beaulac-Baillargeon, B. Pharm., Ph. D., Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval; Khaled Benabed, hematologist, CHU de Caen; Mehdi Benkhadra, Department of Anesthesia, Le Bocage Hospital, Dijon; Céline Bergeron, M.D., FRCPC, MSC, pneumologist, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Christina Blais, Dt. P., M. Sc., Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal; Pierre Blondeau, Ophtalmology Service, CHU de Sherbrooke; Gilles Boire, M.D., M. Sc., Rhumatology Service, Université de Sherbrooke; Andrée Boucher, M.D., endocrinologist, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Mickael Bouin, M.D., Ph. D., gastroenterologist, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Guylain Boulay, Ph. D., Department of Pharmacology, Université de Sherbrooke; Sylvain Bourgoin, Ph. D., Department of Anatomy-Physiology, Université Laval; André Cantin, M.D., Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke; Michel Cayouette, Ph. D., Research Unit on Cellular Neurobiology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal; Fatiha Chandad, Ph. D., Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval; Bernard Cortet, Department of Rhumatology, CHU de Lille; Olivier Dereure, M.D., Ph. D., Dermatology Service, Université de Montpellier I; Serge Dubé, M.D., F.R.C.S.C., general surgeon, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal; Jean-Jacques Dufour, M.D., Otorhinolaryngology Service, Université de Montréal Hospital Center and Jewish General Hospital; Louis-Gilles Durand, O.Q., Ph. D., Ing., Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal; Wael El Haggan, M.D., nephrologist, CHU de Caen; Martin Fortin, Department of Family Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke; Jean-Marc Frapier, cardiovascular surgeon, CHU de Montpellier; Catherine Fressinaud, M.D., Ph. D., neurologist, CHU d’Angers; Dominique Garrel, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal; Serge Gauthier, M.D., FRCPC, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging; Franck Geneviève, M.D., Hematology Laboratory, CHU d’Angers; Jérémie Gerard, Hematology Laboratory, CHU d’Angers; Philippe Geslin, Cardiology Service, CHU d’Angers; Marc Girard, M.D., CHU Sainte-Justine; Philippe Granier, Nuclear Medicine Service, Antoine Gayraud Hospital, Carcassonne; Daniel Grenier, Ph. D., Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval; Pavel Hamet, M.D., Ph. D., FRCPC, FCAHS, Genic Medicine Service, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Luc Hittinger, Federation of Cardiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Thierry Jeanfaivre, M.D., Department of Pneumology, CHU d’Angers; Francine Jolicoeur, Ph. D., Centre intégré du cancer du sein, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Chantal Kohler, M.D., Ph. D., Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy; Stéphane Labialle, Ph. D., Obstetrics Department, McGill University; Pierre Lalonde, M.D., psychiatrist, Université de Montréal; Bernard Lambert, M.D., gynecologist, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Patrice Le Floch-Prigent, Laboratoire d’anatomie de l’UFR de Médecine, Paris; Tony Leroux, Ph. D., audiologist, Université de Montréal and Raymond-Dewar Institute; Gérard Lorette, Dermatology Service, CHU de Tours; Jean-Pierre Marie, M.D., Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris; René Martin, Department of Family Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke; Marie-Anne Mayoux-Benhamou, M.D, Ph. D., Service of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Hortensia Mircescu, M.D., Endocrinology Service, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Michel Mondain, M.D., Ph. D., Université Montpellier I; Didier Mouginot, Ph.D., Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval; Georges Mourad, M.D., Nephrology and Graft, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier; Nicole Normandin, Ph. D., School of Orthophony and Audiology, Université de Montréal; Luc L. Oligny, M. Sc, M.D., pathologist, CHU Sainte-Justine; Philippe Orcel, Secrétaire général de la Société française de rhumatologie; Farid Ouacel, orthopedic surgery and traumatology, CHU d’Angers; Pierre Pagé, M.D., cardiovascular surgeon, Sacré-Coeur Hospital and Montreal Heart Institute; Aleth Perdriger, M.D., Ph. D., Rennes Hospital; Daniel Picard, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Luc Picard, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Service, CHU de Nancy; Claude Poirier, pneumologist, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Jean-Pierre Raynauld, Ph. D., Department of Physiology, Université de Montréal; Eric Renard, M.D., Ph. D., Endocrine Diseases Service, CHU de Montpellier; Nathalie Renaud, O.D., optometrist; Jean-Paul Rocca, Ph. D., odontologist, CHU de Nice; Pierre Rochcongar, Biology and Sports Medicine Unity, CHU de Rennes; José Sahel, Hepato-Gastroenterology Service, La Conception Hospital, Marseille; Louis-Georges Ste-Marie, M.D., Bone Diseases Laboratory, Université de Montréal Hospital Center; Laurent Salez, Ph. D., immunologist, Scienscrib, Montréal; Thierry Six, gynecologist-obstetrician, CHU de Caen; Ann-Muriel Steff, Pharm. D., Ph. D., LAB Recherche inc.; Daniel Thomas, Heart Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris; Hervé Trillaud, M.D., Ph. D., Diagnostic and Therapeutic Imagery Service, CHU de Bordeaux; Guy Vallancien, Université Paris Descartes; Elvire Vaucher, Ph. D., School of Optometry, Université de Montréal; Monique Vincens, M.D., Ph. D., endocrinologist and pharmacologist, Université Paris VII; Catherine Vincent, M.D., hepatologist, Université de Montréal Hospital Center.