183
the Toxic truth
endnotes
40.
41.
42.
43.
An internal Trafigura email from a London-based employee to colleagues including directors, dated 28 December 2005 stated: “The PMI product has 1500ppm Mercaptans, high Gums, H2S [hydrogen sulphide], Cu Corrosion and low Oxidation stability.” (rec# 7696 Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370). Internal Trafigura email dated 1 February 2006 (rec# 10852 Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370). Internal Trafigura email dated 27 December 2005 (rec# 5893 Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370).
49.
50.
Meeting minutes of Al-Trabsa Technical Administration Al-Skhirra 17 March 2006 (Rec# 13570 from application notice for claim No. HQ06X03370 and others for the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division).
51.
Rapport de missions, Terminal Pétrolier de La Skhira, Centre International des Technologies de l’Environnement de Tunis, Ministère de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable, République Tunisienne, April 2006, p20 (rec# 13572).
52.
Rapport de missions, Terminal Pétrolier de La Skhira, Centre International des Technologies de l’Environnement de Tunis, Ministère de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable, République Tunisienne, April 2006, p19, (rec# 13572).
Internal email dated 27 December 2005 (rec# 5914, Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370). 53.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
Internal Trafigura email from a London-based employee to colleagues including directors, dated 28 December 2005 (rec# 7696 Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370). Internal Trafigura email from London-based employee to colleagues including directors, dated 28 December 2005 (rec# 7696 Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370). “THE APPLICATION OF THE BASEL CONVENTION TO HAZARDOUS WASTES AND OTHER WASTES GENERATED ON BOARD SHIPS”, Secretariat of the Basel Convention, 4 April 2011: “The driving factor for gasoline is the fact that, for instance, in Europe the maximum approved level of sulphur in gasoline is 50ppm while in West Africa it can be as high as 5000ppm or more”. Available at www.basel.int/Implementation/LegalMatters/ Ships/tabid/2405/Default.aspx (accessed May 2012). Reply (Trafigura Limited v British Broadcasting Corporation in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ09X02050) served 20 November 2009, para 315: “… caustic washing had previously been carried out for Trafigura by the Fujairah Refinery Company Limited in the United Arab Emirates and the first consignment of the PMI naptha had been successfully washed in January 2006.” Meeting minutes of Al-Trabsa Technical Administration Al-Skhirra 15 March 2006 (Rec# 13571 from application notice for claim No. HQ06X03370 and others for the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division). See also Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.3.
Meeting minutes of Al-Trabsa Technical Administration Al-Skhirra 15 March 2006 (Rec# 13571 from application notice for claim No. HQ06X03370 and others for the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division) : “damages occurred to the employed such as suffocation”.
Meeting minutes of Al-Trabsa Technical Administration Al-Skhirra 15 March 2006 (rec# 13571 from application notice for claim No. HQ06X03370 and others for the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division).
54.
Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.4.
55.
Internal Trafigura email also copying Claude Dauphin dated 18 April 2006 (Yao Essaie Motto & Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370).
56.
International Commission of Inquiry on Toxic Waste, 19 February 2007, para 2.1; Trafigura Amended Defence 5 December 2008 (Yao Essaie Motto and Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370), para 50.2.
57.
International Commission of Inquiry on Toxic Waste, 19 February 2007, para 2.1.
58.
Trafigura Amended Defence 5 December 2008 (Yao Essaie Motto and Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370), para 50.9.
59.
International Commission of Inquiry on Toxic Waste, 19 February 2007, para 2.1.
60.
61.
Trafigura Amended Defence 5 December 2008 (Yao Essaie Motto and Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370), para 50.1. Trafigura Amended Defence 5 December 2008 (Yao Essaie Motto and Others v Trafigura Limited and Trafigura Beheer BV in the High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Claim No. HQ06X03370), para 47; Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.1.
62.
Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.1.
63.
Robin Des Bois, “Ship-breaking.com: Bulletins of information and analysis on ship demolition”, 2012 available at www.robindesbois.org/english/shipbreaking/shipbreaking-2011.pdf ; see also Trafigura “Probo Koala updates” available at www.trafigura.com/our_news/probo_koala_ updates.aspx (accessed May 2012).
64.
In an email from Trafigura to Univar dated 5 April 2006 Trafigura gave as the purpose for requiring the caustic: “We are buying product from Pemex, we charter our vessel and purchase caustic to place and add to cargo tanks on-board.” (US Files).
65.
Email from Trafigura to Univar employees dated 6 April 2006 (US Files).
66.
Email from Univar employee to Trafigura dated 7 April 2006 (US Files).
67.
Email from Univar employee to Trafigura dated 7 April 2006 (US Files).
68.
Internal Trafigura emails dated 11 and 17 April 2006 (US Files).
69.
An email from a Trafigura employee to other Trafigura employees Chartering Tankers, BA Operations, Houston Oil Operations and Athens Staff dated 17 April 2006 (US Files).
70.
Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.6.
71.
This information was collected by Greenpeace Netherlands during evidence given during the trial in the Dutch criminal proceedings against Trafigura.
72.
The Dutch Police have come to this conclusion due to the difference of the content in the slop tanks when the Probo Koala left the Gibraltar Straits (493,868 cbm) and on its arrival in Amsterdam (544,496 cbm) as seen in the oil records book. Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.6 “En route to Amsterdam, the washing of a shipment of naphtha was continued on board the Probo Koala on 27 June 2006 during which 23m3 of caustic soda was used (xxi).”
73.
Evidence produced in 2010 Dutch court case, including map and documents.
74.
Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.5 and 5.6.
75.
Amnesty International English translation of verdict on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam, 13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 5.5 and 5.6.