108
biznesi
2015 mokled
adapteri da leqsi
Netflix Weinstein Company-sTan miRweuli SeTanxmebis Semdeg, Tavis pirvel srulmetraJian films gamouSvebs
aleqsandra suiCi: mediis redaqtori, The Economist
msoflio 2015
aleqsandra suiCi, san-francisko
nabeWdi wignebi Zalauflebas myarad SeinarCuneben
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ignebis gareSe samyaros warmodgena rTulia. samecniero fantastikis Janris mweralma rei bredberim 1953 wels gamocemul `farenheit 451~-Si iseTi momavali aRwera, sadac wignebi akrZalulia. ufro axlo warsulSi futuristebma teqnologiebis ganviTarebis gamo nabeWdi wignebis daRupva iwinaswarmetyveles. sxvaTa azriT, 2015 wels eleqtronuli wignebi kiTxvis umTavresi media unda gamxdariyo. isini cdebodnen – 2015 wels momxmareblebi wignebisadmi xangrZlivi siyvarulis erTgulni darCebian. 2007 wels, onlainsacalo movaWris – Amazonis mier eleqtronuli wignebis saSualebis Kindleis gamoSvebis Semdeg, am ukanasknelebma swrafad moipoves poziciebi. sabazro kvlevebis firma Nielsen-is informaciiT, 2013 wels maT aSS-Si gayiduli wignebis 20% da Semosavlebis 13% moicves. eleqtronuli wignebi yvelaze popularuli iqneba masobrivi bazrisTvis gankuTvnili rbilydiani wignebis kategoriebSi. magaliTad, romanebsa da TrilerebSi, TumcaRa nabeWdi wignebi 2015 wels da mogvianebiTac upirates poziciebs SeinarCuneben. rogorc Cans, portatuli, ubatareo wignebi mdgradi teqnologiaa. marTalia, eleqtronuli wignebi popularobiT sargebloben (gansakuTrebiT aqtiur mkiTxvelebSi da maT Soris, visac Sriftis gadideba uyvars), magram isini nabeWdi wignebis srulfasovan Semcvlelebad mainc ver gamodgebian. aSS-is mkiTxvelTa 4% Tu yidulobs mxolod eleqtronul wignebs.
ratom SeinarCuneben nabeWdi wignebi dominantur poziciebs 2015 wels da mogvianebiT? erTi mizezi istoriuli gakveTilia. kerZod – axali formatis wignebi yovelTvis arsebobda ufro adreuli formatis wignebTan erTad. siebs kodeqsis (akinZuli wigni) gamogonebidan didi xnis Semdeg iyenebdnen, xolo manuskriptebi sabeWdi dazgis gamogonebis Semdegac inarCunebdnen popularobas. amJamad, fizikuri formis wignebs sentimentaluri Rirebulebac gaaCniaT, rac DVD da CD-s ar aqvT. mkiTxvelebi amjobineben TavianTi Taroebi nabeWdi wignebiT daamSvenon da maTTan urTierTobac eadvilebaT. isini kvlavac popularulia sasaCuqred. sabavSvo wignebi eleqtronuli formatiT kargad ver iyideba da axali Taobac nabeWd wignebTan kontaqts inarCunebs. specialuri sakiTxavi mowyobilobebi konkurencias zogadi daniSnulebis tabletebTanac ver uZleben. `2015 wels, globalurad 9.7 milioni sakiTxavi mowyobiloba gaiyideba, rac 2011 wlis pikuri 20 milionis dramatuli Semcirebaa~, – acxadebs kvleviTi firma Forrester-i. yvelaze erTgul mkiTxvelTa mniSvnelovani nawili ukve eleqtronul kiTxvaze gadaerTo. miuxedavad nabeWdi wignebis gamZleobisa, eleqtronuli wignebi mkiTxvelebisa da gamomcemlebisaTvis bevrs Secvlian. maTma aRmasvlam ukve moitana ufro kreatiuli Txroba audio da videoSemavseblebis wyalobiTa da gacilebiT meti interaqciiT. aman axali Taobis damoukidebel mweral-gamomcemlebsac meti SesaZleblobebi Seuqmna, vinaidan naSromebis atvirTviT, teqstebis eleqtronuli da nabeWdi saxiT gayidva SeuZliaT. 2015 wels am avtorTa nawils didi warmateba elis – maT naSromebs gamomcemlebi Seisyidian da milionobiT tiraJiT gaasaReben – rogorc eleqtronulad, ise im Zveli formatiTac, romelsac mkiTxvelTa umetesoba kvlavac amjobinebs.n
Suqi, kamera, fraqcia! aleqsandra suiCi, niu-iorki
holivudis varskvlavebi „qamrebs iWeren“
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Raurebis miReba filmis gayidvamdec ki SeeZlo. iseT studiebSi, rogorebic Sony da Warner Bros-ia, wnexi kidev ufro gaizrdeba. studiebis mepatroneebma aqtiuri aqcionerebisa da korporaciuli myidvelebis Semoteva 2014 wels moigeries. 2015 wels studiebi ufro nakleb filmebs Seqmnian, rac zRudavs Semosavlis potencials im msaxiobebisTvis, romelTac samuSaos moZebnaSi gaumarTlaT. supergmirebis filmebis aRmasvlam
rTxel merilin monros uTqvams, rom `holivudi is adgilia, sadac kocnisTvis aTas dolars gadagixdian, xolo sulisaTvis ormocdaaT cents~. 2015 wels imave ganwyobaze filmebis mravali varskvlavi iqneba. holivudSi `martivi fulis~ dro iseve `gadmopirqvavda~, rogorc frTxilad dalagebuli DVD-ebis rigi. Semosavlebis vardnas ramdenime tendencia ganapirobebs: mas Semdeg, rac momxmareblebma Sin sayureblad filmebis aslebis Sesyidva Sewyvites, ris sanacvlodac maT SedarebiT iafad CamotvirTvasa da moTxovnisTanave onlainSedarebiT yurebas mimarTes, holivudis studiebs mxolod xandaxan Tu SeuZliaT msaxiobTa gaberili xelfasebis gadaxda. es ase aRar aris. prodiuserebi studiebs korporaciuli mepatroneebis moTxovniT ufro meti discipliniT marTaven. maT ukve Sewyvites praqtika, romlis mixedviTac msaxiobs didi anaz- fulis SenarCuneba sul ufro rTuli xdeba
aCvena, rom varskvlavebic ubralo mokvdavni arian. supermenis saTamaSod supervarskvlavi aravis sWirdeba. mayureblebs mTavari gmiri, da ara msaxiobi ainteresebs. studiebi amiT isargebleben da cnobil msaxiobebs anazRaurebas Seumcireben. 2015 wels holivudis am cvlilebis Sedegebi ufro cxadi gaxdeba, vinaidan is ekosistema, romelic msaxiobis xelfaszea (agentebis, menejerebisa da advokatebis CaTvliT) damokidebuli, sisustis niSnebs amJRavnebs. Tavis gasatanad yvelaze iRblian msaxiobebs 2015 wels satelevizio SouebSi gamosvla mouwevT. umaRlesi klasis zogma msaxiobma, kevin speisis CaTvliT, ukve televiziaSi gadainacvla. grZelvadiani satelevizio programebi SesaZloa kinoze mimzidvelic ki gamodges. msaxiobTa nawili arcTu glamurul satelevizio reklamas mimarTavs. 2014 wels, meTiu makkonahi, romelmac mcirebiujetiani `dalaseli myidvelebis klubSi~TamaSisaTvis kinoakademiis jildo – `oskari~ daimsaxura, aseve satelevizio HBO-s SouSic iTamaSa da Lincoln-is avtomobils reklamireba gauwia. divanze wamowolil mayurebels varskvlavebis aseT axal ampluaSi cqeris meti Sansi miecema. n