1c 5
Grammar in Use Focus ➤ Reviewing past tenses ñ Review with the Ss when it is appropriate to use the various forms of the past tense. Offer examples if necessary. ñ Ss complete the task. Remind Ss to explain their choices. ñ Check Ss’ answers. Answer Key 1 A: happened (past simple) B: was walking (past continuous), stole (past simple) 2 A: Did you go (past simple) B: had been working (past perfect continuous), stayed (past simple), watched (past simple) 3 A: Did you see (past simple) B: had already left (past perfect), woke (past simple) 4 A: were you running (past continuous), saw (past simple) B: had been chatting (past perfect continuous), realised (past simple) 5 A: called (past simple) B: didn’t hear (past simple) Past simple is used for an action completed at a stated time in the past. Past continuous is used for an action that was happening in the past and was interrupted by another action. Past perfect is used for an action that happened in the past before another past action. Past perfect continuous is used to emphasise the duration of a past action that happened before another action.
Speaking 6
Focus ➤ Composing sentences using time expressions ñ Divide the class into teams of four/five Ss. Ask one student from each group to be the ‘scribe’ for the group. ñ Explain the task, drawing Ss’ attention to the time expressions. If necessary check their meanings using Ss’ L1.
20
ñ Set a time limit of 8 minutes for Ss to write their sentences. Check which team has the most correct answers. The winning team reads out their sentences to the class. Suggested Answer Key I have not spoken yet with my teacher about the exam as she was sick today. You still have time to talk to her before we must leave. They have already notified all the applicants of their acceptance. They had been waiting for two hours before we arrived. She started teaching at the school five years ago. I am going to a friend’s house after school today. Now is not a good time to talk. She is talking on the phone at the moment, can I take a message? The children had been playing in the garden for a long time, so they were very tired. They have known each other since primary school.
7 a)
Focus ➤ Matching sentences and their meanings ñ Instruct Ss to close their books. ñ Write the following sentences on the board and draw Ss’ attention to the different structures. Check their meanings using Ss’ L1. I’m getting used to the cold, wet weather in England. (an action in progress now) I’ve been jogging for so long that I’m used to getting regular exercise. (an action that has become a habit) I used to like eating fish but I don’t any more. (a past state that is no longer true) As a child I would always look forward to my birthday.(a repeated action in the past) ñ Ask Ss to match the sentences in Ex. 7a with their meanings. ñ Check Ss’ answers.