migration policy centre Robert Schuman centre for advanced studies
foreword “A better understanding of migration is a necessity for building a world of security, democracy and prosperity” Migration is a reality of all times and all places. It represents both an opportunity and a challenge. While wellmanaged migration may foster progress and welfare at origin and destination, its mismanagement may put social cohesion, security and sovereignty at risk. Sound policy-making on migration and related matters must be based on knowledge, but the construction of knowledge must in turn address policy priorities. Because migration is rapidly evolving, knowledge thereof needs to be constantly updated. Given that migration links each individual country to the rest of the world, its study requires innovative cooperation between scholars around the world. The Migration Policy Centre (MPC) conducts field as well as archival research at the various steps of migration, from origin to destination. With the aim of filling a research gap, the MPC puts special emphasis on processes that take place in the origin and transit countries of migrants. MPC research is at the same time scientifically robust and policy-relevant at European level and also globally, targeting academia as well as policy-makers and politicians. It provides tools for addressing migration challenges, by: 1) producing knowledge on migration, asylum and mobility in Europe and in countries located along migration routes to Europe that are regarded as priorities; 2) bridging research with action by providing policy-makers and other stakeholders with results required by evidence-based policy-making, as well as necessary methodologies that address migration governance needs; and 3) pooling scholars, experts, policy makers and influential thinkers to identify problems, analyse their causes and consequences, and devise policy solutions. We hope you will keep abreast of the MPC’s continually evolving activities carried out through its observatories, core programmes and projects. You can find all the latest news, publications and events on: • • •
The MPC’s website: www.migrationpolicycentre.eu Facebook: www.facebook.com/MigrationPolicyCentre The MPC Blog: http://blogs.eui.eu/migrationpolicycentre/
Professor Philippe Fargues Director, Migration Policy Centre
1
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
OVERVIEW OF THE MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE The Migration Policy Centre (MPC) produces advanced policy-oriented research on global migration, asylum and mobility to serve migration governance needs at European and global levels, from developing, implementing and monitoring migration-related policies to assessing their impact on the wider economy and society. Migration links each individual country to the rest of the world in a rapidly evolving scenario. Therefore, the MPC pools worldwide scholars, experts, policymakers and influential thinkers, to identify problems, research their causes and consequences, and devise sound policy
solutions on migration and related matters. In doing so, it bridges research with action, providing stakeholders with data, sources, methodologies and results required by evidence-based policy-making. The MPC compiles statistics, legal provisions, and documents of IGOs and NGOs on migration in a series of databases, which cover extensively three main dimensions: demographic and economic; legal; and sociopolitical. The standardised templates are adopted to allow for the multidisciplinary study of migration in any given country as well as the comparison between countries.
The State of the Union 2013, Plenary session on Immigration and Citizenship, Florence, 9 May 2013
2
â–
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
The MPC offers advanced and specialised training in migration studies from a global and multidisciplinary perspective. With the Migration Summer School and the specialist training events held at the MPC as well as in countries relevant to its projects, the MPC targets professionals, administrators, researchers and PhD students. Established in January 2012 upon the foundations of previous successful research projects started in 2004, the MPC is co-financed by the European Union. Research at the MPC is carried out within three main frameworks: observatories, which forge the Centre’s identity, core programmes and projects.
MPC OBSERVATORIES Southern and Eastern Mediterranean (CARIM-South) Post-Soviet space (CARIM-East) India (CARIM-India) Gulf Cooperation Council States (GLMM) Developed for the first time in the framework of the CARIM-South project, all these regional observatories rely on the same pillars. •
A network of country-based experts, which the observatory connects across countries and disciplines, thus allowing rigorous comparisons between countries and multidisciplinary analysis of issues:
•
A database comprising three modules: demographic and economic (statistics); legal; social and political;
•
A research agenda that constructs systematic and comparable knowledge;
Because standardisation is a built-in property of the various regional observatories, they lend themselves well to inter-regional comparison and ultimately to the construction of a unique system of observation spanning various regions.
MPC CORE PROGRAMMES Migration in Europe in a period of economic crisis Migration in the Arab world in a period of political crisis
MPC CURRENT PROJECTS INTERACT (The transnational factors of migrants’ integration in Europe) CONTENTION (The control of pre-return detention of unauthorised migrants) MISMES (Migrant support measures from an employment and skills perspective) REDIAL (Return Dialogue) ETEM (External Thematic Expertise on Migration for the European Commission)
Presentation to the press of the MPC volume “Is What We Hear About Migration Really True? Questioning Eight Migration Stereotypes in Brussels” by Professor Philippe Fargues in the presence of the European Commissioner for Home Affairs Ms Cecilia Malmström, Brussels, 11 July 2014.
3
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Observatories Observatory of migration in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean CARIM-South (Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration) was created in 2004 Originally cofinanced by the and aims to observe, analyse and European Union forecast migration in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean (SEM). It covers Algeria , Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Northern Sudan, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey. All are studied as origin, transit and destination countries. CARIM-South has established a network of around a hundred scientific correspondents based in the countries under observation, as well as external experts from the European Union and the rest of the world. The CARIM-South database covers three major dimensions of migration: • The demographic and economic module contains a wide range of statistics that are provided by national institutions. With a view to facilitating international comparison and aggregation, the names and formats of tables and variables have been standardised, while the specificity of each national set is respected.
• The Mediterranean Report on Migration: a comprehensive overview of the major developments concerning migration into, through and from each of the SEM countries. • Research Reports and Analytical and Synthetic Notes: papers based on original research • Migration Profiles: an overview of demographic, economic, legal and socio-political aspects shaping migration in the country. CARIM-South conducts comparative and multidisciplinary research on issues that are crucial for countries and peoples in the region under study. Research is applied and policy-oriented, with a view to identifying and analysing emerging questions, and providing support for the definition of public policies and subsequent monitoring. Research topics include: Border Management, Circular Migration, Irregular Migration, Transit Migration, Highly-Skilled Migration, Gender and Migration. www.carim.org
• The legal module contains the legal provisions directly or indirectly linked to international migration, its causes and consequences as well as explanations. • The socio-political module contains documents from governmental and non-governmental institutions, which play a role in defining migration-related policies. CARIM-South has published more than 500 studies, including:
4
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
CARIM South, Thematic Session on Gender and Migration, 18-19 October 2010, Florence
Observatory of migration in the postSoviet space CARIM-East (Creating an Observatory of Migration East of Europe) is the first migration observatory focused Originally cofinanced by the on the Eastern neighbourhood of the European Union European Union. The project covers all countries of the Eastern Partnership initiative (Belarus, Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan) and the Russian Federation. The project’s two main themes are:
approach assists practitioners and policy-makers in developing a better understanding of migratory phenomena.
1. Migration from the region to the European Union (EU) focusing in particular on countries of emigration and transit on the EU’s eastern border
In particular, CARIM-East:
2.
Intraregional migration in the post-Soviet space
The project started on 1 April 2011 as a joint initiative of the EUI (the lead institution), and the Centre of Migration Research (CMR) at the University of Warsaw, Poland (the partner institution). CARIM-East adopted an interdisciplinary approach to enhance the understanding of diverse aspects of migratory processes: demographic and economic, legal, and sociological and political perspectives. This multifaceted
CARIM researchers undertake comprehensive and policy-oriented analyses of very diverse aspects of human mobility and related labour market developments east of the EU and discuss their likely impacts on the fast evolving socio-economic fabric of the six Eastern Partners and Russia, as well as that of the European Union.
• Builds a broad network of national experts from the region representing all principal disciplines focused on migration, labour mobility and national development issues (e.g. demography, law, economics, sociology, political science). One of the most beneficial outcomes of the project is the enduring links between researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, media workers and other stakeholders concerned with migration and human development • Develops a comprehensive database to monitor migration stocks and flows in the region, relevant legislative developments and national policy initiatives • Undertakes systematic and ad hoc studies of emerging migration issues at regional and national levels. In particular, the project aims to sponsor applied, policy-oriented to assist practitioners, policymakers and other stakeholders in the development of expertise and capacity to address contemporary migration challenges
CARIM East Thematic Session on the Effects of Labour Migration on the CARIM East Countries, Kiev, April 2012
5
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
• Provides forums for national and international experts to interact with policymakers and other stakeholders in the countries concerned. www.carim-east.eu
Observatory of migration in India This observatory started as the CARIMIndia project (Developing a knowledge base for policy-making on India-EU Co-financed by migration) carried out by the EUI in the European partnership with the Indian Council of Union Overseas Employment (ICOE), the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore Association (IIMB) and Maastricht University (Faculty of Law).
The specific objectives of Demo India are:
The observatory’s objectives are to:
ii. To demonstrate that migration management when well calibrated and demand-driven can be mutually beneficial to both countries of origin and destination.
• Assemble high-level Indian-EU expertise in major disciplines that deal with migration (demography, economics, law, sociology and politics) with a view to building up migration studies in India. • Provide the Government of India as well as the European Union, its Member States, the academia and civil society, with reliable, updated and comparative information on migration and in-depth analyses on India-EU highly-skilled and circular migration, as well as on low-skilled and irregular migration. • Making research serve action by connecting experts with both policy-makers and the wider public through respectively policy-oriented research, training courses and outreach programmes. The link between experts and policy-makers works in both directions so that the experts produce results that respond to the needs of policy-makers and the governments use the research results in their policy-making process.
i. To address the full cycle of mobility/migration comprising four key stages: pre-recruitment and departure from the country of origin; residence and work in the country of destination; integration in host countries; return and resettlement; and reintegration of migrants and their dependents in India.
iii. To pilot, demonstrate and document good practices in the migration process. Demo India will build upon the knowledge-base of CARIM-India and expand the scope of on-going research as well as identify new areas for evidence-based research on aspects of migration between India and EU. It will provide academics and policy-makers with conceptual tools and empirical evidence on which to base decisions and future research regarding the new dynamics of migration and mobility between India and the EU. www.india-eu-migration.eu
Demo India is a project running from 2014-2016 and led by ICM (Indian Centre for Migration at the Ministry of Indian Overseas Affairs) with the MPC-EUI as a partner. The Demo India Project will institutionalise the previous as well as ongoing initiatives by fostering policyorientated research on migration between India and the EU. The overall objective is to help produce cutting edge evidence-based research, policy analysis and evaluation and to strengthen the governance structures for policymaking and migration management between India and the EU.
6
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
First Partners’ meeting of the Demo-India project (Kathryn Lum, Research Fellow at the MPC; Manoj Kumar, Director of the Indian Centre for Migration; Philippe Fargues, Director of the MPC; Basant Potnuru, Head of Projects at the Indian Centre for Migration)
Observatory of migration in Gulf Cooperation Council States The Gulf Labour Markets and Migration (GLMM) programme is an international independent, non-partisan, non-profit joint programme of the Gulf Research Center (GRC – Jeddah, Geneva, Cambridge, Tokyo) and the Migration Policy Centre. It is financed by the Open Society Foundations (OSF). The GLMM programme provides data, analyses, and recommendations contributing to the improvement of understanding and management of Gulf labour markets and migration, engaging with and respecting the viewpoints of all stakeholders. All Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) members share as a common feature a high dependency on a foreign workforce and a persistently high and, in most cases, growing proportion of non-nationals in the resident population. The GCC’s uniqueness, however, does not lie in the high level of immigration as much as in the persistence over time of a high proportion of non-citizens because of numerous factors, including the limited channels for naturalizing foreign-nationals.
Migration Seminar, Gulf Research Meeting 2014, Cambridge, 25-28 August 2014
7
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Key elements of the GLMM programme are: • Taking a comprehensive view, including demographic, economic, legal, social, political and administrative aspects of labour markets and migration; • Collecting all relevant data and documents, first and foremost those produced in the countries of the GCC and also in the countries of origin; • Conducting sound academic research and contributing to the development of the field of inquiry; • Presenting policy analyses; • Distributing the results to the widest range of actors in user-friendly formats; • Engaging in dialogues with all stakeholders; • Providing high quality academic and operational training in order to reinforce the capacities for producing migration-related data and analyses in the GCC; • Contributing to the development of a network of researchers in which GCC nationals and nationals from the countries of origin are strongly represented. The Gulf Labour Markets and Migration programme aims to be: • A programme that is highly valued by its users, including researchers, students, policymakers, advocates, workers, employers, citizens of GCC countries, and expatriates resident in GCC countries; • A major component of an intellectually strong, influential and sizeable network of researchers, policymakers and advocates in which GCC nationals and nationals of countries of origin residing in the GCC are well represented; • A programme that makes measurable contributions to the improvement of policies, the level of employment of nationals and the working and living situation of foreign workers and their dependents; • A programme that has achieved a significant level of organizational and financial consolidation. www.gulfmigration.eu
core programmes The radical political changes unfolding in the Arab region on the one hand, and the economic crisis in Europe on the other hand, critically impact migration in several ways: the levels, trends and patterns of migratory flows, the relationship between migrants and the two countries of origin and destination, as well as opinions and policies on migration-related matters in the EU and its neighbourhood are affected. Since the direction and magnitude of these impacts are far from clear, research is needed to allow evidence-based policy-making, build informed scenarios and formulate policy recommendations. With respect to political changes in the Arab region, the MPC focuses on the impact that currently unfolding events may produce on migratory movements, as well as on the way in which migration stakeholders in the Arab region and new governments envisage migration and migration-related issues (including the link with diasporas), and on opinions and intentions of the youth. The MPC produces informed scenarios of the short- and long-term consequences of Arab uprisings on migratory movements both originating in, and destined to, the Arab region. Regarding the current economic crisis, the MPC focuses on how Europe can resume economic growth while addressing demographic decline. On the one hand, the crisis has driven up unemployment and it falls to governments to protect citizens and migrants already there from any unfair competition that would come from new immigrants. On the other hand, unprecedented demographic changes are underway with population losses at working age that may call for replacement migration. In this context, the MPC concentrates on the four following topics: • Migration and competition in the labour market: the classical question “do immigrants reduce wages and increase unemployment in the receiving countries” has to be reframed in the context of overall employment reduction and shifting demand of goods and services in relation with population ageing.
8
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
L’Europa e le politiche di migrazione - Dibattito Nazionale, Naples, 31 March 2014
• Migration and innovation: the connection between highly-skilled migration and growth comes through innovation and the creation of human capital. With Europe competing with developed and emerging economies, innovation is a way to push competitiveness and the immigration of highly-skilled workers complements investment in education. • Migration and welfare systems: In the present recession the use of the welfare system has become a safety net bringing about distributive conflicts and there is an acute debate on non-citizens being a burden to the system. Research will broaden the scope to understand how immigration affects the balance between fiscal contribution and welfare benefits. • Migration and outsourcing: in response to European workers losing their jobs due to companies’ outsourcing strategies, research will examine the extent to which immigration, by bringing labour to capital, may discourage outsourcing and complement the native labour force.
ongoing projects INTERACT
Researching Third Country Nationals’ Integration as a Three-Way Process – Immigrants, Countries of Emigration and Countries of Immigration as Actors of Integration
Co-financed by the European Union
The INTERACT project is carried out in partnership with the Migration Policy Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra and the University of Liège.
This research project is conducted by a consortium built by the Migration Policy Centre at the EUI (leader), CEDEM (Université de Liège), GRITIM (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) and Migration Policy Institute Europe (MPI). Around 25 million persons born in a third country are currently living in the European Union (EU), representing 5% of its total population. Integrating immigrants, i.e. allowing them to participate in the host society at the same level as natives, is an active rather than a passive process that involves two parties, the host society and the immigrants, working together to build a cohesive society. Policy-making on integration is commonly regarded primarily as a matter of concern for the receiving state, with general disregard for the role of the sending state. However, migrants belong to two places: first, where they come from and second, where they live now. While integration takes place in the latter, migrants maintain a variety of links with the former. New means of communication, facilitating contact between migrants and their homes, globalisation bringing greater cultural diversity to host countries, and nation-building in source countries seeing expatriate nationals as a strategic resource have all transformed the way migrants interact with their home country. The INTERACT project looks into the ways governments and non-governmental institutions in origin countries, including the media, make transnational bonds a reality, and have developed tools that operate
9
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
economically (to boost financial transfers and investments); culturally (to maintain or receive cultural heritage); politically (to expand the constituency); legally (to support their rights). This research project explores several important questions: to what extent do policies pursued by EU Member States to integrate immigrants, and policies pursued by governments and non-state actors in origin countries regarding expatriates, complement or contradict each other? What effective contribution do they make to the successful integration of migrants and what obstacles do they put in their way? www.interact-project.eu
MISMES
Migrant support measures from an employment and skills perspective The MISMES project is conducted by the Migration Policy Centre and the European Training Foundation (ETF), and is financed by the ETF. MISMES have spread globally in the past few years and have become a typical tool of international labour migration management. The main objective of the MISMES project is to provide evidence-based, policy-oriented inputs to guide EU cooperation with Neighbourhood partner countries in the field of legal migration regarding the kind of migrant support measures needed for a more efficient job and skillsmatching process and for optimizing the outcomes of the labour migration process. A Global Inventory of MISMES aims to assess different categories of MISMES in terms of cost-effectiveness and their impacts on labour markets outcomes of migrant workers. On the basis of the information collected, the aim is to identify factors of success and common denominators, including contextual factors that may affect the impact of MISMES, as well as the challenges in implementing each category of migrant support measures. In the second phase of the project, the methodology developed for the Global Inventory is applied to five country case studies aimed at analyzing MISMES in the EU Neighbourhood (Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, Morocco and Tunisia). The country case studies aim to draw lessons for the optimization of their Mobility Partnerships or migration policy dialogues with the EU from a skills and employment perspective. www.migrationpolicycentre.eu/mismes/
CONTENTION
CONtrol of DeTENTION CONTENTION is carried out in partnership with the Odysseus network. Co-financed by the European Union
The legitimacy of pre-removal detention authorised by the EU Return Directive relies upon judicial control as the ultimate guarantee that it will be as short as possible and maintained only for the purpose of removal. Apart from the fact that necessity and proportionality of detention are per se difficult elements to appreciate, this type of extended control on which the Return Directive relies is more or less new for judges, depending on the Member State concerned and its legal tradition in terms of profoundness of judicial control exercised upon the administration. The main objective of the project is to inform, analyse and compare the judicial control of detention of irregular migrants in order to improve it. A representative sample of 11 Member States (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Slovenia and the United Kingdom) has been identified. The methodology relies upon an analysis of the national caselaw on the pre-removal detention of third country nationals. The period of reference will run throughout 2014. The analysis reflected in 11 national reports and the final report aims at: • determining the different criteria used by judges when assessing the lawfulness and the length of detention, deciding whether to release or keep under detention the third country nationals, and • evaluating the profoundness of judicial control on detention decisions at different levels (first instance and appeal).
MISMES team, Discussion workshop on the General Inventory of MISMES, Florence
10
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
The direct beneficiaries of the project are not only judges controlling the pre-removal detention but also national administrations in charge of detention and removal and the lawyers of third country nationals. The indirect ben-
eficiaries will be detained third country nationals who will benefit from better judicial control, as well as the European institutions (in particular the Commission and the CJEU) in charge of controlling the implementation of EU law. http://contention.eu/
REDIAL
REturn DIALogue REDIAL is carried out in partnership with the Odysseus network.
Co-financed by the European Union
Against the background of the growing body of the CJEU and national jurisprudence on the Return Directive and the obvious need to enable the exchange of information among national judicial practitioners on the Return Directive, the main objective of the project will be twofold: first, it will establish a functioning European network of judges dealing with return cases and corresponding legal academics from the Member States with a view to exchange knowledge and experience regarding the proper implementation of the EU Return Directive; second, it will build a comprehensive knowledge platform comprising of national and CJEU landmark judgments, their analysis and the pertinent general academic writings. In so doing, the project will not only inform national judges about the implementation of the Return Directive and the related Luxembourg case-law, but also bring to light existing challenges and loopholes in the interpretation and application of the Return Directive with a view to preparing the ground for its further (knowledge-based) legislative improvements. In sum, it will foster a new form of judicial cooperation in a horizontal rather than vertical (as it is the case through the mechanism of preliminary rulings before the CJEU) way. The methodology will rely upon close collaboration between judges and academics. At the national level, national judges will be in charge of the selection of land-
11
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
mark judgments on the Return Directive, while the academics will be responsible for synthesising the latter after a critical input from the judges. Such a close cooperation between judicial practitioners and academic experts will contribute to an in-depth understanding of the national jurisprudence as well as to highlighting challenges in the judicial implementation of the Directive. The regular communication among network members will foster the smooth exchange of information on common topics of interest, contribute to the cross-fertilization of the relevant national case law, and enhance the harmonised interpretation of the Return Directive and the relevant Luxembourg case-law. The main outcomes and deliverables will be: • a functioning European Judicial Network on Return Directive; •
a comprehensive legal database on the relevant national and European jurisprudence and their analysis;
•
an E-Training module on return directive in order to ensure the sustainability of the project after the period of EU funding;
•
an annotated (with national and European case-law) Return Directive;
•
European Journal on Judicial Interaction and Return Policy;
•
a book on the judicial application and interpretation of the Return Directive; and
•
a compact highlighting main challenges with regard to the relevant case law and providing recommendations for the improvement of judicial dialogue.
ETEM V
Financed by the European Union
External Thematic Expertise on Migration for the European Commission
The ETEM V Project is implemented by the Migration Policy Centre in the framework of a consortium led by the International Organization for Migration (IOM).
Migration is firmly at the top of the European Union’s external policy agenda. The EU’s external migration policy is defined by the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility (GAMM), which was first developed in 2005 and revised in 2011. Since 2011, migration has also been explicitly recognised as a priority in the EU’s development policy framework, the Agenda for Change, which underlines the need for assisting developing countries in strengthening their policies, capacities and activities in the area of migration and mobility. In order to ensure effective management of migration-related projects and implementation of the Agenda for Change and GAMM, the EU must improve the capacities and expertise of its staff in this area. Staff should be able to understand the political setting and implementation options for migration initiatives, and should possess expertise needed to properly take into account possible migration-related dimensions of other sectoral initiatives in areas such as health, employment or agriculture. However, as migration is a complex and relatively new area for cooperation for a large part of DEVCO and EU Delegation staff, the necessary expertise on migration issues and the migration-development nexus is often lacking. One purpose of the ETEM V Project is therefore to support the work of DG DEVCO’s Unit B3 in enhancing EU staff ’s operational capacities, with the aim to ensure that EC cooperation on migration is as effective as possible, and communicating with key internal stakeholders in DEVCO, the European External Action Service (EEAS), other interested DGs and EU Delegations on migration issues. Over the duration of the project, the IOM and EUI will support DEVCO in carrying out the following activities: • Five 3-day training workshops on migration and asylum for EU Delegations on a regional basis.
• Providing support for the drafting or updating of Concept and Orientation Notes for EU Delegations on specific areas of migration and asylum • Drafting and research support on migration and development
MIGRATION SUMMER SCHOOL AND TRAINING
Since 2005, the Migration Summer School offers advanced and specialised training in migration studies to doctoral and postdoctoral Co-financed by researchers as well as to civil servthe European ants and professionals from interUnion governmental, governmental and non-governmental agencies working in areas relating to migration and asylum. From an interdisciplinary perspective, participants are encouraged to critically interrogate some of the subtle assumptions underlying much contemporary academic, political and media debate surrounding migration. Teaching is accompanied by research work and discussions, through which participants are encouraged to translate perceived societal problems into social scientific research questions, and to contribute to the solution of these problems by combining insights from demographic, economic, legal and sociological approaches. In addition, ad-hoc specialist training events are held not only at the Migration Policy Centre, but also in countries relevant to its projects.
• Two 2-day bilateral training workshops for selected EU Delegations. • Three 1-day training workshops on migration for staff in HQ, especially in view of needs of DG DEVCO and the European External Action Service (EEAS) • 4 expert seminars in Brussels (1-1.5 days) with a maximum of six sponsored experts and between 30 and 50 participants
12
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
10th Migration Summer School: Framing Migration Differently: From Implicit Problem to Implied Asset, Florence, 23 June – 4 July 2014
The mpc team directors Philippe Fargues Philippe Fargues is the founding Director of the Migration Policy Centre. He is a sociologist and demographer. He has been Director of the Center for Migration and Refugee Studies at the American University in Cairo, a senior researcher at the French National Institute for Demographic Studies in Paris, a visiting profes¬sor at Harvard, and the Director of the Centre for Economic Legal and Social Studies (CEDEJ) in Cairo. He has lectured in a number of universities in Europe, America, Africa and the Middle East. Fargues’ recent publications include: International Migration and the Nation State in Arab Countries (Middle East Law and Governance, Toronto, 2013); Demography, Migration and Revolt in the South of the Mediterranean(in Arab Society in Revolt, Brookings, Washington, 2012); Immigration without Inclusion: Non-Nationals in Nation-Building in the Gulf States (Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 2011); International Migration and the Demographic Transition: a Two-Way Interaction (International Migration Review, 2011).
Alessandra Venturini Alessandra Venturini is Deputy Director of the Migration Policy Center, Florence, and Professor of Political Economy at the University of Turin. She holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the EUI, and has held senior academic positions at the Universities of Florence, Bergamo, and Padua. She has held visiting professorships at the Institute of Development Studies (Sussex University), at Brown University, and at the International Institute of Labour Studies (at the ILO in Geneva). She has conducted joint projects with organisations ranging from the OECD migration section and the World Bank, to the European Commission Migration Programme and the CEPR Migration Research programme. She is a fellow of IZA, CHILD, FIERI, and an active member of IMISCOE. Professor Venturini’s research interests are varied and include labour economics, with a focus on the assimilation of migrants in their host country and their effect on the labour market and on innovativation in the Eu countries. She has written extensively on the effect of remittances and highly-skilled migration in sending countries and on circular and irregular migration.
Research topics: International migration, demographic transition and demographic ageing, population and Research topics: Economics, effect of migration in destination and in the sending countries politics, population and development Geographic areas: Arab world, Africa, Europe philippe.fargues@eui.eu
Geographic areas: All areas alessandra.venturini@eui.eu
Migration Policy Centre, Villa Malafrasca
Migration Policy Centre Team, Florence, 2014
13
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
pART-TIME Professors Françoise De Bel-Air Françoise De Bel-Air is a sociologist and demographer. She specializes in the political demography of Arab countries, with an emphasis on the Middle Eastern and Gulf States. She is in charge of CARIM-South project on the Arab States and Turkey and scientific coordinator for the Demography and Economy module in the Gulf Labour Markets and Migration (GLMM) Programme, co-organised by the Gulf Research Centre (Geneva) and the MPC. She has been a researcher in the French Institute for Arabic Studies (IFEAD) in Damascus, Syria, and in the Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches sur le Moyen-Orient Contemporain (CERMOC) in Amman, Jordan. She has also been a research fellow and programme manager in the French Institute for the Near East (IFPO) in Amman and a research consultant. Her present topics of interest are: population, development and politics in the Arab Research topics: European and international law, policies world, Arab family structures, highly-skilled and female and institutional framework as regards borders, visas, migration, youth in the MENA region, Arab and GCC countries’ migration dynamics and policies. legal and illegal migration, integration and asylum Philippe De Bruycker Philippe De Bruycker (PhD in Law) is the scientific director of the CONTENTION and REDIAL projects. He is Jean Monnet Chair for European Law on Immigration & Asylum and Professor in several institutions (Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) as well as Sciences Po-Paris). He founded in 1999 the “Odysseus” Academic Network for Legal Studies on Immigration and Asylum in Europe with the support of the European Commission. From 2001 until 2003, he was adviser at the European Commission in the DG Home Affairs in charge of drafting proposals for directive on immigration. After having extensively published on issues of constitutional and administrative law as Head of the Centre for Public Law in ULB till 1999, his several books and articles now focus on Immigration and Asylum Law with a special emphasis on its EU dimension.
Geographic areas: The European Union and its Member Research topics: Demography, Political demography, International migration, Population and development, States (Belgium in particular) Population policies philippe.debruycker@eui.eu Geographic areas: Arab world Francoise.DeBel-Air@EUI.eu
14
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Iván Martín Iván Martín is economist. He coordinates the MISMES project on Migrant Support Measures from an Employment and Skills Perspective and is Key Expert on Labour Migration in the ETEM V project (External Technical Expertise on Migration to DG DEVCO of the European Commission). He is Senior Research Fellow at the Barcelona Centre for International Affairs. Formerly, he has been Associate Professor at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (2002-2006), Director of the Socio-Economic Forum of Casa Árabe (Arab House) (2006-2008), Research Administrator at the College of Europe, Natolin Campus (Poland) (20102011), as well as Associate Research Fellow at the Instituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales in Madrid (2008-2013). He has coordinated several international research projects and has worked as consultant and trainer on labour migration and youth employment for several international organizations. His research interests focus on labour migration, employment and employment policies in Arab Mediterranean countries and more widely Euro-Mediterranean relations and the European Neighbourhood Policy. Research topics: Labour migration, Migration and Development, Employment, European Neighbourhood Policy, Euro-Mediterranean Relations Geographic areas: Arab Mediterranean Countries (from Morocco to Syria) Ivan.Martin@EUI.eu
15
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Hillel Rapoport Hillel Rapoport is Professor of Economics at the Paris School of Economics, University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, on leave from Bar-Ilan University. He held visiting positions at Stanford University (in 2001-03) and Harvard University (in 2009-11). Since 2008 he is the scientific coordinator of the “migration and development” conferences jointly organized by the French Development Agency, the Center for Global Development, and the World Bank. He joined the Migration Policy Center in October 2013 to conduct research on social remittances and on immigration policy reform. Research topics: International Migration, International Trade, Economic Growth, Economic History, Political Economy Hillel.Rapoport@EUI.eu
research fellows Anna Di Bartolomeo holds a Ph.D. in Demography from the University of Rome “Sapienza”. She was also educated at the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock and the Institute National d’Etudes Démographiques in Paris where she obtained the postgraduate diploma at the European Doctoral School of Demography. Research topics: Demography, Statistics, International Migration, Integration of migrants, Immigrants’ children and education Geographic areas: All areas Anna.DiBartolomeo@EUI.eu
Kathryn Lum has an interdisciplinary background in Sociology and Political Science. She completed her PhD in Political and Social Sciences at the European University Institute, Florence in 2011 and an MA in South Asian Studies at Lund University, Sweden. Her research interests include migration policy in Europe, caste and religious politics in India and the Indian diaspora, gender and migration, and comparative diaspora/multiculturalism policies in Europe and Asia. She has extensive fieldwork experience in the Punjab and in Southern Europe and has worked as a consultant on integration issues with the UNESCO Centre of Catalonia and the Department of Religious Affairs for the Catalan government. Research topics: Sociology of migration, social inequality, South Asian studies, gender and migration, comparative diversity policies Geographic areas: Asia, India, Europe Kathryn.Lum@EUI.eu
16
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Agnieszka Weinar has a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Warsaw, where she also was a research fellow (Centre for Migration Research) and Assistant Professor (American Studies Center). Before joining the Observatory of Migration East of Europe (CARIM-EAST) she was a Visiting Fellow at the Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies in Florence and a Visiting Researcher at the University of Kent Brussels School of International Relations. In 2007-2010 she worked at the European Commission DG HOME (JLS) as a policy officer responsible for external dimension of EU migration policy. Her research has focused on international dimension of migration policy and more specifically on Europeanization of migration policies in the context of enlargement. Her current research interests address external aspects of EU migration policy and include questions of Europeanization in the EU neighbourhood, global human capital flows, labour migration to the EU, emigration from the EU, return migration, as well as migration and development agenda. Its geographic covers Central European EU Member States, Eastern European EU neighbourhood, Western Balkans, South Caucasus and Russian Federation, but also the US, Canada and Australia. Research topics: European migration policies, Eastern Partnership migration issues, integration, diaspora and emigration policies in the EU, emigration from EU, freedom of movement in the EU Geographic areas: Europe, North America Agnieszka.Weinar@EUI.eu
Marie Curie Fellows Michele Nori is a Tropical Agronomist with further specializations in Rural Sociology (PhD at Wageningen University – NL). With about 20 years of field experience on the technical as well as socio-economic aspects of natural resource management in different regions of the world, he has mainly dealt with the livelihood systems of pastoral communities. By intensively working at the interface between the Research and Development domains, he has developed an ‘horizontal career’, based on collaborations with and consultancies to a number of organizations at different levels: UN agencies, Donors organizations, NGOs, research institutes as well as the European Commission. His current concern is to inform decision-making on aspects of rural development, food security and natural reResearch topics: Labour migration, anti-trafficking poli- source management in the Mediterranean region – a domain where migrants play an increasingly important role. cy, political/institutional anthropology Geographic areas: Africa and Europe Research topics: Migrants contributions to farming and rural development in Europe – the case study of migrant Neil.Howard@EUI.eu shepherds / pastoralists in the Mediterranean Geographic areas: Mediterranean basin; southern, northern and eastern flanks (pastoral areas of Italy, Spain, France, Morocco and Albania) Neil Howard holds a doctorate in International Development from the University of Oxford, where he also previously read Modern Languages and Literature. His work currently falls principally between the fields of political economy and political anthropology. He is particularly interested in the discourses, policies and institutional practices that frame, construct and ultimately de-politicise labour migration. He has published several articles related to the politics of human trafficking, has taught a variety of undergraduate and graduate courses, and is actively engaged in breaking down the artificial boundary between academia and political activism, through grassroots organising, awareness-raising and extra-university community learning.
Michele.Nori@EUI.eu
17
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
RESEARCH ASSOCIATES Sara Bonfanti is a PhD candidate in Development economics at the University of Florence where she also got her Master degree in development economics. She worked as Early Stage Researcher within the Marie Curie EDUWEL Initial Training Network (ITN) “Education as Welfare – Enhancing opportunities for socially vulnerable youth in Europe” at the department of Sociology of Umeå University (Sweden). She collaborated as intern and external consultant with the Migration divion of the OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs. Research topics: Migrants’ integration in the host country labour market; adult education as a means to foster migrants’ integration; migrants’ multidimensional well-being Geographic areas: Europe – OECD countries Sara.Bonfanti@EUI.eu Sona Kalantaryan holds a Ph.D degree in economics from the University of Turin, where she previously obtained her M.Sc degree in economics as well. She worked at the International Training Center of the ILO, the European Commission, University of Turin, Collegio Carlo Alberto and Ministry of Economy and Development of the Republic of Armenia. Her research interests include econometrics, labor economics, demography and international migration, housing market.
Sergo Mananashvili’s current research at the Migration Policy Centre (EUI), where he has worked since June 2011, focuses on judicial control of pre-removal detention based on the EU Return Directive (project CONTENTION); migration and refugee law in the post-Soviet states (CARIM-East project); Schengen visa policy; legal aspects of the EU’s Global Approach to Migration and Mobility. His research interests also include international and European human rights law, legal methodology, judicial dialogue, and global governance. He received his master’s degree (LL.M.) in European Law from the Europa-Institut of Saarland University (Germany), where he also defended with summa cum laude his PhD (Dr. iur.) thesis on possibilities and limits of international and European law enforcement of the Geneva Refugee Convention (Nomos, 2009). His previous positions include research officer in the unit of European law and European Migration Network of German Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, and legal adviser in a UNHCR-funded project on legal protection of refugees and IDPs in Georgia. Research topics: EU Return Directive, migration and refugee law in the post-Soviet, Schengen visa policy, legal aspects of the EU’s Global Approach to Migration and Mobility Geographic areas: Europe
Research topics: Labour Economics, Labour migration, Sergo.Mananashvili@EUI.eu Real Estate Economics. Geographic areas: Mediterranean countries, Eastern Europe, Caucasus Sona.Kalantaryan@EUI.eu
18
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Ceren Ozgen received her PhD degree in Economics from the Spatial Economics Department of VU University (VU Amsterdam) in 2013. She currently holds a part-time position as a post-doctoral researcher at the Department of Spatial Economics (VU Amsterdam) and Migration Policy Centre (EUI) in Florence. She has an extensive knowledge on immigration in Europe and the Netherlands as well as econometric modeling and working with micro-data. Her PhD thesis is entitled ‘Impacts of Immigration and Cultural Diversity on Innovation and Economic Growth’. The labor market impacts of international migration, cultural diversity and firm innovation, high-skilled migration, demographic shifts and urban theory are among her research interests. In 2011 she has been a visiting researcher at University of Waikato, National Institute of Demographic and Economic Analysis (New Zealand). She has worked as a researcher in various international projects financed by the World Bank, European Commission, the US National Science Foundation, OECD and the Institute for International Urban Development. She is a member of the Dutch Regional Science Association, European Regional Science Association (ERSA), and Tinbergen Institute Alumni.
Justyna Salamońska holds a PhD in Sociology from Trinity College Dublin. She was previously employed as a post-doctoral fellow at the EUCROSS project (University of ChietiPescara) focusing on cross-border practices and identities among EU and third-country citizens. She also worked on research projects about Polish migrations (Trinity College Dublin) and mobility of health professionals (Centre of Migration Research, University of Warsaw). Research topics: Migrant labour market integration, skilled migrations, intra-European mobility, identity Geographic areas: Europe Justyna.Salamonska@EUI.eu
Cameron Thibos received his D.Phil (PhD) in 2014 from the Department of International Development at the University of Oxford. His thesis concerned the politics of narrative control and identity formation among Turkish migrants. He also holds a masters degree in Middle Eastern studies from the UniResearch topics: Labor and Demographic Economics, versity of Texas at Austin. His thematic research interests International Migration, Innovation, Applied Microeco- include identity politics and its impact on migration and nomics development issues, discourse and media analysis, as well as the broader socio-economic transformations of Ceren.Ozgen@EUI.eu Turkey and the Arab world. Research topics: Politics and society in Turkey and the Arab World; migration and development; diasporic politics; discourse and media studies Geographic areas: Turkey, the Arab World (esp. the Mashreq) Cameron.Thibos@EUI.eu
19
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
administrative staff
web team
Aurélie Boursier is Administrative Assistant to the MPC. She has an MA in Public Affairs from the Institut d’Etudes Politiques in Paris and her MA in European Law at the University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and at the European Institute of Public Administration in Luxembourg. Her previous positions include policy officer at the European Commission and parliamentary advisor of a Member of the European Parliament. Aurelie.Boursier@EUI.eu
Matteo Martorella obtained a Masters Degree in Computer Engineering from the University of Florence with the thesis “Analysis and Development of a Project Management application in an Enterprise Social Network Scenario”. He is interested in the study, analysis and development of machine learning techniques. He has worked as an IT teacher for the the training and development agency Isogest, webmaster for the cultural association Buongiorno Firenze and webmaster for several privates. Matteo.Martorella@EUI.eu
Claudio Mazzetti is Executive MPC Manager. He holds a Laurea in History from the University of Florence and a MA in International Politics from University of Paris XI. He worked for the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Kosovo and for the European Parliament in Luxembourg. From 2004 to 2009 he worked in Brussels for a leading European consultancy firm, AESA. He was Project Manager, then Coordinator, and finally Head of the FWCs’ Social Department. Claudio.Mazzetti@EUI.eu
Simone Ottaviano holds a Masters Degree in Business Economics from the University of Bologna. His previous work positions include software analyst, developer and consultant for Generali Business Solutions, Poste Italiane group, UniCredit Global Information Services and Wincor Nixdorf Retail Consulting. He had also worked as project manager for the Inter Library Center of the University of Bologna and as webmaster for several associations/privates. Simone.Ottaviano@EUI.eu
Sarah St John is Administrative As- For the most up-to-date list of the MPC members, please sistant to the MPC. She holds an MA consult the MPC website: by Research in French from the Uni- www.migrationpolicycentre.eu/people/ versity of Kent (UK) and is currently studying on a part-time basis for a Ph. D in Education at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. Her research area is European Union Higher Education Policy, focusing on the origins and the development through intergovernmental cooperation of Higher Education policy at the European level. Previously, from September 2010-December 2013, Sarah was Assistant to the President of the European University Institute and before moving to Italy, she was part of the undergraduate student recruitment team at the University of Kent. She also worked in London as a specialist recruitment consultant in the banking and finance sector. Sarah.StJohn@EUI.eu
20
■
MIGRATION POLICY CENTRE - MPC
Migration Policy Centre European University Institute Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies www.eui.eu/RSCAS Villa Malafrasca Via Boccaccio 151 I-50133 Florence, Italy Tel: + 39 055 46 85 817/892 Fax: + 39 055 46 85 755 Email: mpc@eui.eu Website: www.migrationpolicycentre.eu