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Gastritis Inflammation of the stomach, or gastritis, is quite common. Symptoms of acute gastritis, especially nausea and vomiting, may appear suddenly. They are usually caused by toxins produced by infectious organisms. Staphylococcal food poisoning is one type that runs its course within a few hours. Chronic forms of gastritis are seen in alcohol users, where the toxic effect of beverage alcohol produces a gradual thinning and drying of the gastric mucus membrane. Associated with this, not infrequently, is the high level of acid secretion indicative of peptic ulcer. Certain atrophic forms of gastritis may produce the opposite effect, namely the absence of gastric acid and intrinsic factor. It is responsible for the absorption of Vitamin B12 by the small intestine. Pernicious anemia will develop, with its characteristic blood picture and neurologic signs. Treatment usually requires the lifelong administration of monthly vitamin B12 in to replace this essential vitamin. Although some doctors advocate a bland diet for the treatment of gastritis, it is really only necessary to avoid irritating substances. Tobacco, alcohol, coffee, cola drinks, spices, condiments, and corrosive drugs should be eliminated, giving the stomach an optimum chance to heal itself and restore normal levels of enzymes essential for the digestion of protein. Moist heat applications over the stomach area can relieve pain and spasm. Avoiding extremely hot or cold drinks will allow the stomach, with its marvelous regenerating powers, to heal, often within days. Hiatus Hernia Discussed already in Chapter 12, hiatus hernia is an increasing problem in western civilization. A widespread American habit is the consumption of very large quantities of food, especially near bedtime, and drinking several cups of liquid with each meal. This chronic over-distention of the stomach weakens the sphincter at its upper end and tends toward acid reflux. Regurgitation of this sour and slightly irritating material is aggravated by obesity, tight belts, girdles, and stooping, bending or lying down immediately after a full meal. X-rays of the upper intestinal tract help to confirm the diagnosis. Corrective dietary measures must avoid the above “causes.� Occasionally the use of elevating blocks at the head of the bed will control nighttime heartburn for most people. Peptic Ulcer Ulcers in the stomach and duodenum are quite common in alcoholics, slow to heal in smokers, and occasionally are caused by aspirin and similar irritating drugs. However, it is my belief that most cases of peptic ulcer have their root in the stress mechanism. It is generally established that ulcers do not