本文由BRITISH COUNCIL–全球最值得信賴的英語 教學機構–提供，網址：www.britishcouncil.org.tw
How Ordinary British People are Aiding the World 英國老百姓如何幫助改善世界 撰文及考題設計 英國文化協會教學團隊Melissa Henry 中譯 陳怡君 （中央社編譯）
W
1 ith 2015 coming to an end, United Nations (UN) leaders and delegates have gathered
2 G oal One: End pover t y i n al l its forms everywhere
to evaluate how far the world has come in achieving
The two main regions of the world that are
the 2015 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
focused on to eradicate poverty remain the same –
set out in 2000. Of the eight goals, the top two goals
sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia, where a vast
were to ‘Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty’
number of people live off less than $1.25 USD a day.
and ‘Achieve Universal Pr imar y Education’.
目標一：消除各地一切形式的貧窮
Although not official yet, in September 2015 the
消除貧窮主要聚焦於世界的兩個地區─漠南
UN has released the seventeen new Sustainable
非洲與南亞，情況沒有多大改善，為數眾多的人口
Development Goals (SDGs) for the next fifteen
一天生活費不到1.25美元（約新台幣41元）。
years. Similar to the MDGs, the SDGs’ first goal is
Goal Two: End hunger, achieve food security
‘No Poverty’, the second is ‘Zero Hunger’, and the
and improved nutrition and promote sustainable
fourth is ‘Quality Education’.
agriculture
隨著2015年進 入尾聲，聯 合國領導人與代表
Did you know that Asia has the hungriest people
齊聚一堂，來評估2000年訂定的「千禧年發展目
in the world? Yes, two thirds of Asia’s population
標」（MDGs）於2015年的達成情形。在這八個目
lives in hunger. Even though agriculture is the
標中，前兩大目標是「終結極度飢餓與貧窮」以
main employer around the world (40% of today’s
及「普及初等教育」。儘管尚未達成正式協議，聯
population), poor nutrition causes 45% of deaths in
合國於2015年9月公布17個新的「永續發展目標」
children under the age of five.
（SDGs），作為未來15年的發展議題。和「千禧年 發展目標」類似的是，「永續發展目標」的第一個 目標是「消除貧窮」、第二為「零飢餓」、第四個則 是「高品質教育」。
目標二：終結飢餓、達成糧食安全、改善營養及 促進永續農業。 你知道亞洲擁有全球最飢餓的人口嗎？是的， 多達三分之二亞洲人活在飢餓中。儘管多數人從
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根據聯合國2015年公布的年度飢餓報告， 印度是全世界最多飢餓人口的國家，約有 1.946億人處於飢餓。圖為印度兒童行走在 印度北部喀什米爾的郊區。（歐新社）
事的農業是這個世界上主要的行業，（占現今人口 40%），但營養不良導致45%兒童活不過五歲。
Goal Four: Ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning
著進步，但也發現量不等於 質，因此「永 續發 展 目標」在第四個目標上重質更勝量。
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The MDGs have made great strides in getting
Outside the realm of politics, consortiums, and
children enrolled and attending school, but realized
government organizations, lie a great number of
quantity does not equal to quality. Thus, the SDG
charities devoted to the same MDGs and SDGs.
four focuses on quality over quantity.
One prime example of one person taking action is
目標四：確保有教無類與高品質的全民教育並 提倡終生學習
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儘管「千禧年目標」在讓孩童註冊與上學有顯
全球中央雜誌 2016.01
Ian Sanderson, Founder of Afrinspire. Afrinspire is a Cambridge-based, UK charity that focuses on
本文由BRITISH COUNCIL–全球最值得信賴的英語 教學機構–提供，網址：www.britishcouncil.org.tw
long-term, sustainable, indigenous development
their area the same. As a direct result, Afrinspire
initiatives in Eastern African countries.
beneficiaries have enough food on their tables to
在 政 治 範 疇、財 團 與政 府機 構之 外，有 為 數 眾多的慈善機構投入相同的「千禧年發展目標」
eat and are able to start selling crops at the market, which achieves SDG two – food security.
與「永續發展目標」之中。一個主要的例子就是
永續農業是Afrinspire的下個目標，並在該領
Afrinspire創辦人伊恩桑德森。Afrinspire是位於英
域有許多計畫，像是教導當地農人重要與創新的
國劍橋的慈善機構，專注在東非國家長期、永續
耕種技能，再讓他們教導同區域的其他農人。直
的當地發展計畫。
接效果是，受惠於Afrinspire的農人能為家裡餐
4
桌帶來足夠糧食，並有餘力在市場銷售農作物，
Afrinspire has several
進而達到第二個永續發展目標─糧食安全。
initiatives, all focusing
英國慈善機構Afrinspire致 力消滅貧窮，在東非國家 長期、永續的推展在地發 展計畫。（取自Afrinspire 官方臉書）
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on eradicating poverty
Lastly, skills for employment helps reach for the
through different facets.
number one goal – ending poverty. From sewing
Their flagship program
to hairdressing to establishing Internet cafes,
i s c a l le d Fu n c t io n a l
Afrinspire has enabled individuals to become entre-
Adult Literacy, which is
preneurs through providing resources and training
for adults to learn basic
as needed. These families are now able to provide
literacy and numeracy
for themselves and rise above the poverty threshold,
skills in their local language. The results have been
with endless positive effects.
staggering, with thousands of families now being
最後，職業技能有助達成消滅貧窮的第一個目
able to redeem basic human rights such as filling out
標。從縫紉技術到理髮到開設網咖，Afrinspire提
government forms and registering their children for
供讓個人成為企業家所需的資源與訓練，如今這
school. This aids in achieving SDG four.
些家庭能夠養活自己並且跨越貧窮門檻，並帶來
Afrinspire有好幾項計畫，全都從不同層面著
許多正面影響。
手來專注於滅除貧窮。Afrinspire的旗艦計畫稱為
All in all, Afrinspire is just one example of how
「實用性成人識字」，目的是讓成人可以學習當地
one British man sparked a change for thousands,
語言的基本識字與算數技能。而這項成果相當驚
possibly millions of lives and making the world a
人，如今數千家庭得以重新獲得基本人權，像是填
better place. We have another fifteen years to reach
寫政府表格與為孩子註冊學校等，這項協助有助
seventeen Sustainable Development Goals, what
達成第四個「永續發展目標」。
will you do to make a difference?
5
總而言之，Afrinspire只是一個英國人如何讓數
Sustainable agriculture is the next goal that
千人、甚至數百萬人的生命有所不同、並讓這個世
Afrinspire works with and has a number of projects
界更美好的一個例子。我們還有另個15年來達到
in this area. Local farmers are taught critical and
17個永續發展目標，你會怎麼做來讓這個世界變
innovative farming skills and then teach others in
得不一樣？
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Key Words delegate – 代表 someone who speaks or acts on behalf of an organization at a meeting or conference eradicate – 終結 end have made great strides – 有長足進展 have made a lot of good changes towards a goal consortium – 財團 a combination of financial institutions, capitalists, etc. for a financial operation requiring large resources of capital indigenous – 某地區獨有的 originating in and
雅思考試粉絲團： www.facebook.com/ielts.testcentre
characteristic of a particular region or country facet – 方面 aspects flagship program – 旗艦計畫 original program beneficiaries – 受益人 people who receive benefits, resources, etc. poverty threshold – 貧窮門檻，維持生存所需 的最低所得 minimum level of income needed for survival sparked a change – 引發改變 started a changer
雅思考試模擬試題 IELTS questions
Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-E, below. 1 Afrinspire is a non-government organization that 2 Post-2015 goals have been set as 3 The top goals have been about poverty, hunger, and education, 4 Indigenous development means that people from the local area 5 Although the world has made great progress in the last fifteen years, A the Sustainable Development Goals. B are trained in a skill and become leaders for their community. C new goals had to be set in order to continue reaching a better world. D helps Eastern African countries reach the Sustainable Development Goals. E which implies that these goals are the most important in life. 1. D
Answers:
6. C
Answers:
2. A
3. E
4. B
5. C
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. List of Headings 6. Paragraph 1 A Most Important Life Factors 7. Paragraph 2 B Learning to Read and Write 8. Paragraph 3 C From Millennium to Sustainable 9. Paragraph 4 D Increasing Income 10. Paragraph 6 E From the UK to Africa 8.E
9.B
10. D 全球中央雜誌 2016.01
7. A
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