American Rose
THE MAGAZINE OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY January/February 2014
$
8.00
'Randy Scott'
Contrarians
Challenging your traditional thinking and questioning your accepted practices |
1 AMERICAN ROSE ARS.ORG
Roses In Review
See the latest survey results from our rose rating program that you can participate in
Gold Honor Medal
Luis Desamero recognized for his lifetime of passion for miniature roses and volunteerism
Secret Weapon of Award Winners! Since 1940, this non-toxic, vitamin solution has created National Queens, District Queens, Local Queens, and numerous other awards.
The Original Vitamin Solution
2 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
from the President of the American Rose Society | First Word
A New Year, A New Season W
elcome to a new year by and a new season of 776 Pinedale Court sharing roses. The Hayward, CA 94544 American Rose Society invites you to “dive in” jolene_adams@ to the activities of your comcast.net local rose society and grow with us! I had such a wonderful time with all the rose friends I met last year as I traveled across this country and into other lands as well. I want to thank each local society, garden club and ARS District for their kind invitations to speak to them. I wish I could have been available for all the engagements, but alas — there’s only so much time in each year. And — when you are enjoying roses it passes quickly. ARS had two very successful Board Meetings during the year and an excellent Planning Meeting this past March. Although no National Conventions were held in 2013, a very nice and well-attended National Miniature and Miniflora Conference and Rose Show was held in Winston-Salem, NC, in September. It was at this Conference that many of the National Prizes and Awards were handed out. You can find the Rose Show awards listed in the Miniature and Miniflora Rose Bulletin on the ARS website under Members/ Quarterly Bulletins or on the ARS site under Resources/ Interesting Links/Rose Show results. Phillip Schorr of St. Louis, MO, was honored with the Klima Medal for outstanding work for ARS in education. His summary lecture was extremely inspiring and he dedicated it to his late wife Jeannette. The path he followed as he started out in roses is so similar to that of each of us. He started with a few and that grew to many, lawn started disappearing, new beds took over in the garden, he re-planted a larger garden as the family moved to another town. Then he became interested in helping ARS with the yearly review of roses for our Handbook. That led him further into chairing the Roses in Review effort, then developing
Jolene Adams
the Quinquennial Review (every five years) and working with the technical staff finding and adding new roses to the Modern Rose database. (See page12.) Luis Desamero of Studio City, CA, was honored with the ARS Gold Medal. The article about this most prestigious presentation is on page 8. The Gamble Fragrance Award was presented to Tom Carruth for 'Wild Blue Yonder', and the Fuerstenberg Award for an American-bred, outstanding introduction of the last 10 years was presented to Ernest Earman of Alexandria, VA, for 'Let Freedom Ring'. These gentlemen were not able to be present but sent letters of thanks which were read to the audience. (See page 16.) Appreciation goes to Cindy Dale, the National Consulting Rosarian Chair for focusing her committee on tidying up loose ends and formatting the revised CR Manual (revisions mostly completed during Mary Peterson’s term as CR Chair) for distribution on the website. All CRs can download it free or order it from the ARS Store by visiting ars.org. Also a thank you to Pat Shanley for taking the ARS Proclamations of Goodwill to China and presenting them especially at the World Federation presentation of the Garden of Excellence plaque to the Gardens in Changzhou on September 28th. A heartfelt thank you to the many donors who help ARS in our educational outreach and for those who write grants to obtain needed funding for research and for improvements at the American Rose Center. And most of all — thank you to all of our members who send in $5, $10, whatever they budget for and mark their note to us to “use this wherever it is needed”. Unrestricted funds like these help us with the little things — the unglamorous needs — the purchase of laundry and cleaning products, for printer paper, for scissors and thumb tacks and glue. No one gets a brass plate nailed up to the paper towel dispenser saying it was donated by Mrs. XYZ — but these are the needs that often go overlooked. So, from me to you, the special people who care and can reach out to help — Thank You.
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AMERICAN ROSE POLICIES | The 4-1-1 on the ARS
Headquarters Staff Executive Director & Editor Jeffrey A. Ware (Ext. 222) Administrative & Records Assistant to the Executive Director Carol Spiers (Ext. 223) Administrative Assistant Peggy Spivey (Ext. 229) Publications Publications Director & Managing Editor Beth Smiley (Ext. 231) Associate Editor Editorial Amanda Figlio (Ext. 230) Associate Editor Web Kim Bennick (Ext. 227) Advertising Maria Scott (maria@ars-hq.org) Membership Membership Director Laura Pfender (Ext. 226) Membership Clerk MyLynn Hopson (Ext. 221) Accounting Accounting Director Andrea Jackson (Ext. 224) Accounting Assistant/Human Resources Becky Smith (Ext. 225) Gardens of The A merican Rose Center Facilities and Maintenance Manager Jack Bogues Grounds Crew: Gabriel Clark, William Smith, Arthur Draper Janitorial John Henderson
American Rose Society Phone: 318-938-5402 | Fax: 318-938-5405 E-mail: ars@ars-hq.org Website: www.ars.org Office hours: 8 AM to 5 PM CST Monday — Friday
Changing Your Address? Please allow 6 weeks lead time for changes. If you wish, you may phone in your address change 318-938-5402, ext. 221
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ARS Tested & Endorsed Products
American Rose Society endorsed products have undergone an extensive testing process by ARS members nationwide and found to be of high quality and a benefit to rose growers.
Bayer Advanced All-in-One Rose and Flower Care Garden Safe® Brand Fungicide3® Garden Safe® Brand Rose and Flower Insect Killer Liquid Fence® Deer & Rabbit Repellent Mills Easy Feed 20-10-6 Mills Magic Rose Mix Miracle-Gro Garden Soil for Roses Miracle-Gro Garden Soil for Trees and Shrubs Miracle-Gro Water Soluble Plant Food Ortho® RosePride® Disease Control Concentrate Ortho® RosePride® Insect, Disease & Mite Control Aerosol Spectracide Immunox Plus Insect & Disease Control Aerosol Spectracide Immunox Plus Insect & Disease Multipurpose Concentrate Thank You Public Library Members Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh | Edmonds Community College Library Multnomah County Library | Robert M. Cooper Library Steenbock Memorial Library Direct all Membership and Subscription Correspondence to: American Rose Society | P. O. Box 30000 | Shreveport, LA 71130-0030 Shipping Address: 8877 Jefferson Paige Road | Shreveport, LA 71119-8817 American Rose (ISSN 1078-5833) is published bi-monthly by the American Rose Society, Inc. Periodicals Postage Paid in Shreveport, LA, and at additional mailing offices. Copyright 2012, ARS. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to American Rose, P.O. Box 30000, Shreveport, LA 71130-0030. Society Headquarters, editorial and advertising offices are located at 8877 Jefferson Paige Road, Shreveport, LA 71119-8817. Telephone: 318-938-5402. Membership in the society includes a subscription to American Rose. Annual dues are $49 ($46 if 65+); three years $140. Canadian dues $54; International $59. Because of the fluctuations and increases in international rates of exchange, please pay all memberships and merchandise orders in United States Postal Money Orders or other U.S. currency. Mission Statement: The American Rose Society exists to promote the culture and appreciation of the rose, through education and research, to members, to local rose societies and their members, and to the public. Vision Statement: The rose is America’s National Floral Emblem. We aspire to be the nation’s best source for information, research and education about the rose for our members and for the general public. We will share this information through a website, a national network of Consulting Rosarians, and rose shows and non-competitive rose exhibitions open to the general public. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the American Rose Society or its officers or directors. American Rose Society assumes no responsibility for the content or claims made in advertisements appearing in American Rose. The Advertiser retains full and complete accountability and liability for its advertisement and indemnifies and holds ARS harmless from and against all demands, claims or liability. Writing An Article: We welcome articles, photographs and ideas from our readers, amateur or professional. All articles are reviewed by the Editorial Advisory Committee. We do not pay for our articles or photos. Writers’ Guidelines are available from www.ars.org. Manuscripts, artwork and photographs sent for possible publication will be returned if accompanied by a SASE. We cannot guarantee the safe return of unsolicited materials. Single back issues are available at $3 per copy plus postage, combined issues are $8 per copy plus postage.
American Rose Contents Volume XXXXII No. 7 January/February 2014
FEATURES
8 Gold Honor Medal Luis Desamero recieves award
12 Klima Medal
60 Prolific Polyanthas
Phil Schorr's acceptance speech
18 Members’ Choice Goes to 'Randy Scott'
Theme Articles This issue’s theme is “Contrarians.” Two of the feature articles are included in the theme, as well as five of the Clippings in that regular column.
48 History of Modern Roses The "Four Stud Roses"
56 Polyanthas In Depth
70 ARS Nursery Guide 76 San Diego Schedule 2014 Spring Convention
80 Inez Grant Parker Garden
A stop on the San Diego schedule
82 GROW West
Danielle Hahn to be honored
'Lady Ann Kidwell' Photo by Jerri Jennings
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Departments 24
30 3 7
The First Word
A word from our President, Jolene Adams
The Notebook From the Executive Director
20 Beginners’ Column
A New Beginner Season
Tips 24 Rose Garden Art Roses 28 Inside Dormancy in Roses: Part 4 Earth 30 Good R.O.S.E.
A Note from Peggy Martin
34 On the Contrary
Show Business
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Far 38 Roses and Near Ludwig’s Roses
42 Clippings A Sampling From Local and District Newsletters and Bulletins Full articles of the “theme” clippings can be found on our website in Articles on Roses under the Resources tab
Last Word 98 The Resolutions made With Commitment
Website: glitter (case sensitive). Effective Jan. 15, 2014.
On Our Cover:
'Randy Scott', 2014 ARS Members Choice, photo by Pamela Powers.
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American Rose Policies
Your 16 For Information Rose 36 Recent Research
90 Membership Musings Giving 92 Planned ARS Estate Planning
93 Contributions 95 Events 96 Gardener’s Marketplace Your ROSE Resource!
from the Executive Director of ARS | THE NOTEBOOK
40th Anniversary 2014 is an exciting time to be a member of the American Rose SociExecutive Director ety. I wonder if our foundexecdirector@ars-hq.org ers, way back in the 1890s, thought we would be around this long and see so many dramatic changes to the rose world? I think they understood what an important organization ARS would become as an advocate for roses. Today, ARS stands as this country’s chief promoter of roses through education and research. This new year marks an important milestone for our national headquarters in Shreveport, LA. We celebrate our 40th Anniversary! ARS started out in Washington, D.C. We moved to Harrisburg, PA. Then we relocated to Columbus, OH. In 1974, we made our last move to Shreveport, where generous donors provided 118-acres to build the first ARS-owned headquarters and rose garden. Now, the American Rose Center boasts one of the nation’s largest collections of roses. We have 64 individual rose gardens, two major buildings, a large botanical collection in addition to roses, impressive garden features, a beautiful wedding chapel, maintenance shop and support buildings. Maybe most important for today, all of this is debt free due to the generosity of our members and friends. Many donors, both in the Shreveport area and around
by Jeffrey
A. Ware
the country, have made it possible for ARS to thrive at our headquarters. It is also important to note that ARS has given back to the community by providing not only a tourist attraction and a research destination, but also jobs and a local economic impact of nearly $60,000,000 over the past 40 years. We are celebrating throughout the year to mark this important anniversary, with a final big party to take place on Sunday, October 19, following the ARS Fall National Convention in Tyler, TX. We will be bringing buses to Shreveport for the event. Watch the pages of upcoming American Rose magazines for interesting photos and stories about the American Rose Center over the past 40 years. Happy 2014! Happy 40th Anniversary!
The ARS Board of Directors, at their fall meeting in Winston-Salem, approved a Standing Rule to address the issue of member privacy. The board is committed to insuring that your membership information is secure. Above: ARC 40th Anniversary logo Left: 40th Anniversary poster, both created by Amanda Figlio JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 7
Gold Honor Medal by Jolene Adams
T
he American Rose Society honors our members who donate their time and talents to better the membership experience in ARS, to benefit the organization, to reach the public and teach again and again the wonders of growing beautiful roses. In the fall of 2013, at the Awards Dinner of the All Miniature & Miniflora Roses Conference in WinstonSalem, the Gold Honor Medal was bestowed on Luis Desamero of Studio City, CA, “in recognition of his lifetime of passion for Miniature Roses and his sustained outstanding volunteer service to the goals of the American Rose Society.” Luis Desamero is truly deserving of this highest honor the ARS can bestow upon a member. His lifetime of service has focused on the educational aspects of growing miniature roses and the joy they bring to countless people in every walk of life. Luis has performed his extensive volunteer service to ARS for the past 35 years without fanfare and with a high degree of personal modesty. 8 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
He has been a pillar of outstanding volunteer support at all three levels: local, district and national. In spite of having received a number of awards, Luis generally avoids the spotlight, instead preferring to remain a tireless, behind-the-scenes worker. Known by his rose friends as a quiet and unassuming man, Luis continues to provide high quality and significant service to ARS into the 21st century. Lifetime Service to Local Societies The backbone of any local society is the person who promotes the rose. We do this through exhibiting, judging, taking on many different jobs and serving on many different committees. We keep the society’s members fully informed of the latest developments in rose culture via society newsletters, lecturing, presenting seminars on rose culture. Luis Desamero is one such champion having devoted the last 35 plus years to using his skills and expertise at judging and showing miniature roses. Additionally, he successfully taught this skill to many other members over the years. Furthermore, he served as editor of his local society
newsletters – The Rose Parade from 1983-1995 and The Rose Reporter from 1995-2008. Lifetime Service to the District At the District level, Luis served as editor of the award winning Pacific Southwest District Bulletin, Thorn Scratchings (1983-1990). He brought recognition and distinction to the district through his expertise at desktop publishing combined with quality articles pertinent to both judging and showing. He also served as the District Roses in Review Coordinator (1985-1991), producing awarding winning reports and gaining national recognition. He received the ARS Silver Honor Medal in 1996, Outstanding CR in 2000 and Outstanding Judge in 2009. Lifetime Service at the National Level Luis edited the ARS Miniature Bulletin, in those days named Florettes (1985-1993) during which time he
also managed to co-edit two American Rose Annuals (1988 and 1989). Luis is perhaps best known nationally for his skillful guidance of the ARS Award of Excellence Program for more than 16 years (1985-1991 and 19942004). Additionally, Luis was the AOE Chairman responsible for introducing two important ARS National innovations in 2000, which promoted the joy of growing, showing and judging miniature roses among our members; the ARS National Miniature Rose Show (now in its 14th year) and the ARS Miniature and Miniflora Rose Hall of Fame. Both these wonderful programs are a direct result of his skilled leadership at the national level. In addition, Luis has given hundreds of presentations to many rose societies and garden club groups in order to further foster the hobby among the general public. He was also a driving force for the introduction of the new miniflora classification within the AOE Committee.
all photos courtesy Tommy Cairns
Opposite Page: The rose named in honor of Luis by the late Dee Bennett. This Page clockwise: 'Dansheill Codd', 'Lunar Eclipse' and 'Special Effects'.
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'Marita Lindner' and Luis proudly displaying his winning ARS National Trophy entry, the Harm Saville Challenge Bowl of 18 miniatures at the Dallas National in 2006. all photos courtesy Tommy Cairns Luis has received three ARS Presidential Citations for exceptional service. His first was from President Ballin in 1988, the second from President Jeremias in 1991 and the most recent from President Hering in 1999. Additionally, he received the World Federation of Rose Societies World Rose Award in 2006 and the ARS Klima Medal in 2008. Luis as Rose Breeder In his 35 plus year rose journey, Luis could not help but experiment with creating his very own seedlings. This passion for hybridized was sparked when he discovered a sport of 'Popcorn', which was much more vigorous and floriferous. With his subtle sense of humor Luis called it 'Gourmet Popcorn'. This semidouble white miniature graced the cover of Modern Roses 10 and was twice voted top of the list in garden display in Roses in Review (1991 with a score of 8.2 and again in 1992 with a score of 8.4). Luis is proud of his later introductions: 'Lunar Eclipse', a mauve miniflora that won the National Hybridizer’s Trophy, Marita Lindner' a medium-pink miniature named for a past president of the Uruguayan Rose Society and 'Special Effects' an orange striped floribunda. Most recently Luis introduced a charming soft-pink microminiature
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'Dansheill Codd' named in memory of the grandson of Don and Diane Rose, members of Beverly Hills Rose Society, who unfortunately passed away at the tender age of five from cancer. Judging & Exhibiting For more than 30 years, Luis has helped to shape the judging criteria currently used today. He has participated in many judging schools as instructor, both within his district and in other ARS districts. Luis is one of the few people who have expanded their judging experiences to national and international events. He has been a strong leader in guiding ARS apprentices to understanding the judging of miniature roses. As an exhibitor Luis is perhaps best described as “par excellence”, always managing to win a National Trophy whenever he exhibits at a convention and always drawing attention to the excellence of miniature roses. His skills at judging and exhibiting are even known in England where he annually exhibited at the National Miniature Rose Show at St. Albans, bringing the latest in miniature roses to promote them to the British public. He has been instrumentally influential in promoting and judging miniature roses within societies within the USA and around the world.
Luis had the good fortune to be a peer and personal friend of the late Dee Bennett who named her favorite creation in honor of him. The miniature rose 'Luis Desamero' is a consistent winner on the show table reflecting the fine character of this outstanding rosarian! His latest recognition, via the American Rose Society Gold Honor Medal award, shows the world that ARS feels his work is the embodiment of a quintessential ARS volunteer member; always there improving the reputation of our judging program and our standing in the world. When you look around for the group of the hardest working volunteer members, Luis is always there but usually in the back row letting others take the spotlight. Now that’s outstanding volunteer service at its best!
ARS President Jolene Adams presents the Gold Honor Medal to Luis Desamero and Luis with Mrs. Jillian McGredy at an international rose conference in New Zealand.
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Phil Schorr giving his acceptance speech.
photo courtesy Jim Hering
O
nce the reality of receiving this award began to sink in, I began thinking back through my life to recall all the things that led me to this point. Seldom does one decide they would like to make rose education a large part of their life. Rather, it’s the sort of thing that just sneaks up on you over the years. That is certainly true in my case. Maybe by sharing my journey, others will be inspired to get more involved. My mother was raised on a farm in Iowa. It wasn’t a large, modern farm with all the latest equipment. It was just a simple, relatively small truck farm. I well remember our visits to the farm each summer. One of our favorite things was picking strawberries in the big strawberry field. I think we ate as many strawberries as we put in the box for Grandpa to sell, but we had a wonderful time. There was a small flower garden to the side of the house, but the plant I remember the most was a large bush in the back yard that sometimes had a number of small yellow flowers. It was a very dense and “stickery” plant, so we didn’t get too close to it, but it clearly made an impression on me because I remember it to this day. I didn’t realize it then but
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that plant of 'Harison’s Yellow' was my introduction to roses. I can also remember my mother always had a small flower garden, often with one or two modest roses tucked in it. She grew up on a farm and growing things was part of her life, so she always had to have a garden. Again, those gardens didn’t have much chance of getting my attention, what with baseball, football and basketball games to be played in the neighborhood. However, I’m sure that the love of growing things somehow worked its way into my subconscious and I’ve had it all my life. After getting married and starting our family, Jeannette and I bought our first house. We planted a tree in the front yard and bushes along the foundation, but I kept thinking we should be growing some flowers. With our first baby to raise, Jeannette wasn’t too excited about the idea, so I didn’t push it. Then one fateful day a rose catalogue from Jackson & Perkins arrived, with those beautiful pictures and
Phil Schorr Receives
Klima Medal for Rose Education
The prestigious Joseph and Marion Klima Medal for Excellence in Rose education is given in fulfillment of the wishes of the late Joseph and Marion Klima of Kentfield, CA. This award was established in the field of horticultural education concerning "The Rose."
by Phil Schorr wonderful fragrance. I decided I would like to grow a few roses. I kept assuring Jeannette I just wanted to raise a few and promised I wouldn’t let it get out of control. I ordered seven roses from the Jackson & Perkins catalogue and managed to get them planted and growing. I learned some valuable lessons from that small beginning. I learned growing roses so they will bloom isn’t that hard, and I learned that you can’t always believe the glowing words and gorgeous photos in the catalogues. Most of my first seven grew and bloomed well, but there were also a couple of real dogs. As it turned out, our neighbors across the street grew roses and brought us over to see them. They said the local rose society was having a rose show that weekend at the Missouri Botanical Garden and invited us to go with them to see it. To our eyes it was an amazing show with so many wonderful roses. While we were looking at all the roses one of the members of the rose society came over, introduced himself as Paul Morgan, and started talking with us. It turned out he only lived three blocks from us, so he invited us to come over to see his roses and to attend the next meeting of the
rose society. I went with him to the next meeting and joined the local society. Forever after that day Paul Morgan was a great friend. I would often come home from work, glance out the back windows and see Paul in our yard looking at my roses. I have to say his own garden was a mess, with lots of weeds and with roses stuck in here and there. Still, I learned from Paul to see the good in whatever roses you had and to always be interested in looking at roses and enjoying them. My rose education was now well underway. During one of the meetings of the local rose society part of the program was dedicated to Proof of the Pudding. The speaker covered the results of Proof of the Pudding (what is now known as Roses in Review) for some of the more popular roses. This really caught my attention. Here was a chance to learn about the new roses in order to have a better chance of growing ones that would do well and avoiding the others. I read the results of previous POP surveys in American Rose Annuals and really was hooked. I reasoned that if I was somehow involved in the process, I could learn even more. I even enjoyed all the numbers and statistics involved, which might make more sense if you knew I was a math major in college and worked with statistics as an insurance actuary. ARS, through Proof of the Pudding, was now adding to my rose education. By this time things were expanding on the home front. We now had two children and Jeannette decided she would like to grow some peonies and irises. In exchange for my digging her gardens and helping her get the flowers planted, she agreed I could start another bed of roses. What had begun as seven roses was now 16. I had also discovered miniature roses and had a small bed of them on the side of the house. Another step in my rose education was to learn there were many types of roses and not all of them looked like florist roses. I was now attending the local rose society meetings on a regular basis, driving with Paul Morgan. He would never let me forget a meeting. I also joined the American Rose Society and enjoyed the magazines as well as the Annual. After hearing the Proof of the Pudding report another time or two, I contacted the Central District Director and volunteered to be the POP Coordinator for the district. The fact that the offer was accepted so readily maybe should have worried JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 13
me, but I was having fun. As I got into it I decided I should put together a report on the results for just our district and, in a move to get more people to participate, mailed the report only to those who sent in a report on their roses. At that time there seemed to be a feeling, at least in our district, that no one should have to do this job for more than three years. I suppose it was the District Director taking pity on the person doing the job, so someone else took over after my first three years, but I wasn’t ready to quit. Thus after three years of not doing it, I was back in the saddle again for the next term and ended up doing it for the district for a total of 12 years. I was now not only learning about the new roses, but I was beginning to share that rose education with others. On the home front, Jeannette’s iris had died from borers or whatever it is that kills irises, and the peonies were slowly going downhill. I found more miniatures than I had space for in my mini bed, so Jeannette said I could plant a few in among the peonies to replace the irises. One thing led to another and she eventually gave up on the peonies and told me I could take them out and plant roses in both peony beds. She didn’t have to offer twice. The next big move in rose education came in 1997, at the ARS convention. I happened to run into Jim Hering, the incoming ARS President, and told him I would like to volunteer to be the national chair of Roses in Review. For just an instant I saw in Jim’s eyes a little worry that he might be talking to a crazy person. Who in their right mind would volunteer for that job? Nevertheless, I stuck with my offer and he accepted. That was the beginning of my 15 years as national chair of RIR. It was a great opportunity to share the knowledge of new roses with many more people, so I jumped in with both feet, got more people involved and soon we had quadrupled the number of participants sending in reports on their roses. We also speeded up the process so the national results were reported in January rather than waiting all the way to the end of the next year. That way people got the reports on the new roses in time to choose the ones they wanted and learn about those to avoid, a year sooner. Three or four years later, Tommy Cairns was ARS President. He contacted me one day and said he would like me to consider taking over as Editor of the
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Handbook for Selecting Roses. It would take a load off the Staff, and since it was linked so closely to Roses in Review it wouldn’t be that much extra work for me. He presented it so logically there really wasn’t any way I could turn it down, especially since I realized the ARS staff was truly overloaded with duties. It turned out to be a fun job and really didn’t require that much more work than I was already doing for RIR. Now I was sharing rose education with people outside ARS through the Handbook. What’s more, I was learning more about roses at the same time. You can begin to see how these things just slowly began to creep up on me. By this time Jeannette and I had moved to a new home. There simply wasn’t enough sun getting through to the yard to be able to grow as many roses as I had been, and the subdivision had rules against cutting down old growth trees (something we didn’t learn until after we moved in), so the number of roses dropped considerably. I also discovered the neighborhood had a great many deer living in the woods. I began to notice buds and flowers mysteriously disappearing overnight. Then one spring the deer invaded in force and ate all the new growth off most of the roses, waited until they started growing again and ate all the new growth again, killing or severely damaging all of them. After that I had to dig the plants out and start over. However, it was also the beginning of my education on how to combat deer while growing roses. After many false starts (Irish Spring soap hanging from pegs in the garden, anyone?), I finally settled on electrified wire running around the rose garden. It seems to have worked for the most part, but it’s a constant battle and a constant education. Next Marilyn Wellan pointed out that Marily Williams was about to begin work for Modern Roses 12 and could use some help with the Rose Registration Committee, so I agreed to be co-chair of that committee. However, it soon became clear what an enormous job Modern Roses was going to be, far too much for one person, so I agreed to get on board there as well. Modern Roses was an enormous job, with a great deal of research required and thousands of hours spent by each of us, but I enjoyed it greatly. I learned about many roses I didn’t know existed, about many old garden roses I had never seen and about roses originating in other
countries around the world. I learned about hybridizers old and new. I met many new friends around the world by e-mail as I tried to learn more about the roses in their countries. By working in areas involved in rose education, I was being educated.
exhibiting roses at rose shows and talking with the visitors about them (I wouldn’t be here today if Paul Morgan hadn’t taken the time to talk with me at my first rose show), visiting someone’s garden and giving them simple advice on ways to grow better roses or
photo courtesy Beth Smiley
ARS President Jolene Adams with Phil Schorr after the Awards Banquet I have greatly enjoyed the entire trip and would do it again if we could go back in time and start over. Each of the assignments I’ve taken on has been related to educating people about roses, but each time I found I learned as much or more than those who received the final product. I know I’m mostly preaching to the choir, but I would encourage all of you to get more involved in some aspect of rose education. Whether it is writing articles for American Rose or your local newsletter, presenting programs on roses to local garden clubs,
whatever you choose, please do get more involved in educating others about roses. By working in an area of rose education you will be educated, and the American Rose Society and the rose itself will benefit. Thank you very much for this wonderful award. If you don’t mind, I have to take a moment to share it with my wife, Jeannette, who was so patient through it all. I just wish she could have been here to be part of it.
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across the fence | The Latest ARS Member News member Benefit
The Modern Roses database (http://www.arsmodernroses.org/) is now open to all ARS members. It is password-protected, so you will need to check on page six of your magazine to be sure you know what the current password is as it changes frequently. The Registration Code for all members is: 12345678. The Password is: <in the magazine>. There are many people who are not members who have purchased annual use of the database-most often for research. These users should always log in with their personal Registration Code and Password and renew their User Permit annually (go to the ARS Store under “Shop” on the top menu bar and search for “Modern Roses”).
Gamble Award
The James Alexander Gamble Fragrance Medal is awarded to outstanding new, very fragrant roses. The selection is made by the ARS Prizes and Awards Committee for the rose considered the most fragrant in municipal and private gardens throughout the United States over a five-year period. The rose must be registered and must be rated at least 7.5. It is not mandatory that a rose be selected yearly for this medal. Awards are only to be made when an outstanding new fragrant variety is available. The medal is to be awarded to the hybridizer of the named rose at the Fall Annual Meeting of the American Rose Society. The Gamble Fragrance Award has only been awarded 20 times in the past 52 years. Congratulations to this year’s winner of the James Alexander Gamble Fragrance Award: Tom Carruth, Curator of the Rose Gardens at Huntington Library for 'Wild Blue Yonder', a rose he hybridized while at Weeks Roses in 2006.
'Let Freedom Ring'
'Wild Blue Yonder'
Fuerstenberg Prize
Whitaker Award
The Fuerstenberg prize is funded by an endowment created by the will of Mr. David Fuerstenberg, a rose lover from Philadelphia, PA, who dictated that the income of the fund shall be awarded from time to time at the discretion of the American Rose Society for a new rose best suited to American conditions. It can be awarded annually or periodically upon the recommendation of the ARS Prizes & Awards Committee to the originator of any new rose of American origin suitable to the American climate. To be considered “new”, the rose must have received its registration within ten years prior to the award. A cash award of $100 plus a certificate is presented at the spring or fall Conventions. The 2014 award was presented to Ernest Earman of Alexandria, VA, for 'Let Freedom Ring' bred in 2004 and introduced by Weeks Roses in 2006.
Nominations sought for the Glenda Whitaker Award: Established in honor of Glenda Whitaker; an ARS member and leader whose excellent example and efforts on behalf of the society and its members have been an inspiration to all who have worked on behalf of the Society in the area of membership. Created to recognize those who have made outstanding achievement by an individual, team, society, district or business which
16 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
has been a helpful partner with the ARS. Nominees must be ARS members. Members of the ARS Membership Committee are not eligible. Acts worthy of recognition include: • A program, event or publication by an individual, team, society, district or business which encouraged or prompted an increase in membership, or improved the status or satisfaction of members. • Sustained dedication and leadership over a period of time by an individual, team, society, district or business in the area of membership development, recruitment, and/or attention to the needs and satisfaction of members. • Dedication to the Society’s goals in membership in the form of a one-time donation or sustained support. To nominate an individual or team for this award, primary sponsors should complete a nomination form, attaching the required supporting documentation (including two Award Reference Forms). These forms are available online or from Carol Spiers at ARS Headquarters, 318-938-5402 ext. 223 or e-mail carol@ars-hq.org. Whitaker award entries should be sent to the Executive Director (execdirector@ars-hq.org) and Diane Sommers, Chair, Membership Committee, N51W16978 Fair Oak Parkway, Menomonee Falls, WI 53051-6669, Phone: (262) 781-7989; e-mail: dmsommers21@gmail.com. The nomination deadline is December 31st. Prior nominees must submit new applications; re-submissions of previous applications will not be accepted.
Handbook Correction
In the 2014 Handbook For Selecting Roses 'Mary Alice' was classified as miniature. The correct classification is miniflora.
Rose Registration Richard Anthony has approved the change: Welmil0300 ('Mill’s Magic') to Correction 'Mills Magic'.
Errata
The following errors appeared in the Annual issue. We regret these errors: On page 5 our Vice President’s name is Patricia Shanley not Stanley; on page 72 Pat Shanley was New York District Director when the article was written but has since been elected Vice President. Frank Benardella’s name was misspelled on page 21 and in the index as Frank Bernadella. The Following appeared in the Sept/Oct issue of American Rose: The picture appearing on page 63 does not give the best view of ‘Tammy Clemons’. The photo at right is a better representation of the rose.
'Tammy Clemons'
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 17
2014 Members' Choice T
he American Rose Society Members’ Choice Award honors a rose receiving one of the highest national garden ratings in the annual Roses in Review survey, one that is widely grown, and one that does well in most parts of the country. 'Randy Scott' hybrid tea, white, 2007, Smith, John T.; flowers have a slight yellow cast at center in autumn, 4½- to 5½-inches, full, high-centered, borne mostly solitary, no fragrance; foliage medium, medium-green, matte; prickles long, straight, white, moderate; growth upright, slightly spreading, tall (4½- to 5-feet); hedging, exhibition; ['Crystalline' × 'Moonstone']; Introductions: 2008.
photo courtesy Pamela Powers
The 2013 Roses in Review gives it a garden rating of 7.9 and a show rating of 8.4. Comments from Roses in Review include: prolific, lovely white with exhibition form, slow to establish, some blackspot, medium green foliage.
Previous Winners 2004 'Knockout' S, red blend, single, 1999
2006 'Bees Knees' Min, yellow blend, full, 1998
2011 'Cinco de Mayo' F, russet, double, 2007
2005 'Gemini' HT, pink blend, 25-30 petals, 1999
2007 'Hot Cocoa' F, russet, full, 2002
2012 'Joy' Min, pink blend, double, 2007
'04
2008 Not Awarded
'09
'05
2009 'Julia Child' F, medium yellow, full, 2005
2013 ‘Easy Does It’ F, orange-pink, full, 2008
2010 'Home Run' S, medium red, single, 2004
'07
'06
18 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
'12
'11 '13 '10
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The Rookie Rose Gardener | Our Beginner's Column
New Beginnings W
elcome to 2014, the 122nd year of the American Rose Society. This is not an auspicious anniversary but really recognition of the presence of, and a testament to, the love we have of roses in our gardens and in our lives. We all can be confident that roses were in American’s garden long before ARS was founded. And it is probably true that you, like us, had roses in your gardens before becoming a member of this organization. For us, personally, roses bring us memories of people, times and places; memories that are as strong as the perfume of 'Double Delight' or as cherished as 'Dainty Bess' glowing in the morning sunlight. How did we get here, on these pages, writing a column for American Rose? It was our love of roses! We bought our home in Port Washington, WI, (Zone 5b) in 1985. The property and the house needed a great deal of work, so as the trades-people were working on the structure, we began bringing the gardens back to life. Included were a dozen roses that had mostly gone to rootstock. Now, 29 years later, the rose gardens have grown to include approximately 275 ros20 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
by Bruce
& Maggie Barr 809 North Winsconsin St. Port Washington, WI 53074
es and we are still working on the house! But really our rose story began years before.
begin2014@att.net
FAMILY Our parents had a love of gardens, so it was somewhat natural to include that hobby in our lifestyle. Bruce’s parents were rose growers and names of varieties are still fresh in the mind: 'New Dawn', 'Lowell Thomas', 'Helen Traubel' and 'Sutter’s Gold' to name a few. Maggie’s mom favored 'Tiffany' in her garden. In preparation for this year’s articles we contacted a few of our favorite rose people for their rose stories. Like each of us, Jolene Adams, ARS President, was introduced to roses as a child. Her aunt had tree roses “marching up one side of the path” to her doorway. As soon as Jolene’s parents bought their home, they started adding roses along their fence line.
CO-WORKERS Sometimes, even our greatest rose growers come to the hobby later in life. For ARS past-president, Jim Hering, roses entered his life when he was a medical resident at the Ohio State University. Dr. Robert
Zollinger, Chairman of the Department of Surgery was also President of ARS. In the growing season, Dr. Zollinger would bring bouquets of roses to “special” patients. And the love of roses was instilled in Dr. Hering as well. Diane Sommers, former North Central District Director and current Membership Director, was introduced to roses while working in a hospital laboratory. The pathologist on staff, Dr. Clara Hussey, was an avid rose grower who gave mini rosebushes to staff at Christmas. They would all grow their roses on the sills of the big, tall windows of the lab until the weather was suitable for transplanting them outdoors. In our case, a great rose-growing friend with whom we taught guided us through our first real selections, planting and general care. What is common among these examples is the fact that we all began growing roses before we joined ARS
Our Beginner's Column | The Rookie Rose Gardener and learned of its value as a great rose-growing resource. In fact, in our case, we gave Maggie’s parents a collection from Nor’East Miniature Rose Nursery that included a membership in ARS. So, even they were members of ARS before us.
MENTORS There are folks in the rose world that cannot trace their love of roses back to a certain individual as mentioned above. Rather, their love of roses has been strengthened by one or more people who have come alongside them acting as a guide to growing better roses. In other words, a rose mentor. A little aside here on the history of the word: Mentor was a character in Greek mythology, a friend of Odysseus, who, during the Trojan war and in the absence of Odysseus, was in charge of not only Odysseus’ castle but his son, Telemachus. Mentor was to guide, teach and direct Telemachus; acting as a surrogate father. Has someone come along side you to guide you in the ways of rose growing? For Diane Sommers, mentors have come from her local society. One in particular has been Andy Plasz, an ARS Gold Honor Medal award winner. Early on in her rose growing, Andy helped Diane in working through a problem with her soil pH, with fungal disease problems as well as exhibiting her roses. His simple, clear and straightforward manner and teaching has helped Diane become a great rose grower. For Dr. Hering, early assistance again came from the medical community in which he worked. Dr. Jack
Smith not only directed Jim to Dr. Zollinger but helped Jim and his wife, Ann, in the purchase of their first bushes and entering their first rose show where they won the novice award. Like Diane, Jim was taught about photo courtesy Bruce and Maggie Barr 'Double Delight' the control of fungal diseasgrowing in your specific area. This es and proper growing techniques would include the roses most likely from his mentor. to succeed in your area; the best methods for planting your new Our local rose society has recently bushes; when to prune for greater started a program we call “Rose bloom; preventative care to lessen Buds” or rose buddies, if you will. the diseases that might affect your New members to our society are roses; and the most successful paired with willing volunteers often means of “winter protection” that based upon a similar area of the may be needed for your specific city. A relationship is built through growing zone. e-mails, phone calls, conversations at the monthly meetings and even home garden visits. The idea is to develop more great rose growers by sharing techniques as well as interesting varieties to be grown. The majority of the Rose Bud volunteers are American Rose Society Consulting Rosarians (CRs). This program was started in 1926 to provide educational materials and training for rosarians who could then reach out to their own communities. CRs undergo training and testing to earn accreditation and contribute their time and talents educating the public on rose culture. If you have any questions about your roses, these are the people to contact. They know rose
How do you find these people? Go to your local rose society meetings. Meet the people, ask questions and make your contacts. What if you are not sure a local society exists in your area? Get yourself to a computer to find out. The best resource for all things “rosy” is the ARS website. Are you interested in learning more about growing roses in your area? http://www.ars. org/resources/local-socieites/ is a listing of all affiliated local societies organized by state and district. Links are provided for those that have their own website. http:// www.ars.org/rose-growing-questions/need-advice/ is a listing of accredited Cyber CRs that are willJANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 21
The Rookie Rose Gardener | Our Beginner's Column ing to take your on-line questions regarding rose growing. Again, this listing is organized by state.
WHAT IS YOUR STORY? How did you become interested in growing roses? Who was instrumental in helping you along the way? Perhaps it is time to let them know how much that help has meant to you. Drop them a note, give them a call or even take them a bouquet of your roses as a thank you. Perhaps it is time for you to pass on your love of roses to someone else. Take your roses to the people with whom you work. Or, perhaps to the post office or library you frequent. Your roses will be met with a smile, a kind “thank you and more than likely a nose-burying sniff. Your kindness will be appreciated
Spring Prep Look to your tools... Look to yourself... Look to your garden... and remembered. If you are a local society member, create a note accompanying your bouquet that lets people know about the upcoming activities of your group. One help ited near
way of preparing yourself to others is to attend an accredCR school held somewhere you. These schools are peri-
22 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
odically held for a number of purposes. First, to maintain the accreditation of current CRs so they are up-to-date with the current trends, techniques and products. They are also held so that people who are interested in becoming an accredited CR can learn and take the required test. Finally, they are a great place to just gather the latest information about rose growing. Many people attend without the intent of taking the test and becoming a CR. You can consult American Rose for upcoming events or scroll through the ARS website calendar by month http:// www.ars.org/about-ars/about/arsevent-calendar/ to see if a school is being held near you. Learning about rose growing never really ends. Reading all of the articles in American Rose will introduce you to discrete areas of rose culture, scientific information, interesting rosarians, “new” places and people of the rose world. You’ll also learn about new rose resources; about roses in artistic designs; about capturing your roses with photography. Not only is rose growing great for getting out into nature, it is a great way to meet and to greet people.
SPRING PREP 1. Look to your tools. Right now you are probably not using your tools on a regular basis. It’s a great time to check them out. • How do you organize your tools? • Are things clean of dirt? • Are things sharp? • Have you seen something that you want to add to your tool “box”? We will be writing about our favorite tools and how best to
take care of what you have in the next issue. 2. Look to yourself. Right now you are probably not using your gardening muscles on a regular basis. We tend to become more “home bodies” during our non-gardening season. We lose the muscle tone developed over the months of gardening and the first few days of gardening leave us achy and tired. Gardening doesn’t need to be this way. Start an exercise program that will get you in shape for how you garden. A few minutes every other day can keep you fit enough to transition into your garden with fewer problems. • If you are a gardener who does most of the work kneeling make sure you keep those motions in practice. Do a series of exercises where you get down on the floor as you would the garden. Then stretch your “working” arm forward and to each side as if you were weeding. Then get back up again. Repeat this a number of times. • Bending over to pick up winter windfall on the lawn always gets us. Develop an exercise like this. Bending at the waist and stretching out the muscles on the back of your legs then stretching your arms forward and to the sides can replicate this motion. • Do you lift potted roses or filled buckets? Bring in a fivegallon bucket you have and place some weight in the bottom — canned goods, unused books, old newspapers will work just fine. Think how you typically lift. Do you use your legs with knees bent to do the work? This saves your back muscles! • Small muscles are just as important. Keep a pair of your
'Dainty Bess'
pruners handy. Regular repetitions of the pruning motion will keep you finger, hand and forearm muscles in shape. Do this motion with your pruner in various positions: totally vertical, parallel to the floor and at a 45° angle. You could even do this while watching television. Remember what your mother told you, “Be careful where you point that thing!” • Use your computer to find YouTube videos with gardening exercises. Find additional ones that would work for you. We assure you that not all of them make a great deal of sense but you are sure to find good, individual exercises.
photo courtesy Bruce and Maggie Barr
3. Look to your garden. Begin record keeping to keep track of your roses. This could be done in a spiral notebook or a gardening journal. You could set up a database on your computer. The information you track can keep you more knowledgeable about your roses and how they perform. Things to track for this could be: • The rose name and class. • Where it was purchased. • When it was purchased. • The first bloom of season. • The average number of blooms in any cycle. • When it was removed from the garden along with the reason why. Another idea would be to use the
information categories that form the basis for the annual Roses in Review. Determine three dates in your growing season to collect and record the following information: • Height: tall; medium; short. • Evidence of blackspot, mildew and rust: none; slight; moderate; severe. • Fragrance: none; light; moderate; heavy. This information will allow you to speak to people with stronger, evidence-based recommendations. It will also make your annual Roses in Review reporting much easier. We’ll write more about garden journaling in a future column.
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 23
Bobbie Reed
by
3388 Lennox Court Lawrenceville, GA
the Art of the
30044-5616
berdks@mindspring.com
Garden photo courtesy Anna Davis
In the depths of winter, we long for our roses and our rose gardens. What makes that rose garden so special? It’s the roses, of course, in all their varied beauty, from miniature to hybrid tea to climber, from species to old garden roses to the most modern hybrids. It’s the layout of the garden, whether formal or informal, or just a bush here and there. Maybe it’s the mixture of roses with perennials and annuals. Maybe it’s the structures of the garden, a trellis or arbor or gazebo that lifts some of the roses to the sky. Maybe it’s a water feature or a bird feeder that attracts wildlife and brings the songs of birds. Perhaps it is a bench to sit on while you admire the roses and enjoy the serenity of the garden. All of those are great facets of our gardens. They add beauty and pleasure to our lives. But there’s something else we find in our gardens that expresses our personality, our history, our likes and dislikes. Yes, I’m talking about garden art.
24 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Lois Ann Helgeson of New Brighton, MN, Zone 4B, is trained in landscape design, so she thinks of garden art more systematically than I do: From a designer’s point of view, garden art can add interest in an area, provide a focal point at the end of a path or be an element that helps to support an overall theme. On a more personal level a piece of art in the garden can evoke memories of travel, hobbies or other interests of the garden’s owner. Sometimes this art is whimsical – other times it may even be classical or related to heritage or culture. The selection always has some meaning to the person making the selection – even if not everyone who views the object appreciates the value. Most of us enjoy being able to visit private and public gardens locally and as we travel. The plants – and the garden art – make up the
So It Grows package that we experience. We may choose a garden because of the type of plants grown – like roses. Garden art is that unexpected bonus element. It may simply provide a visual surprise when discovered nestled between plants – or the placement might draw your eye from a distance encouraging you to move through a space. When you return home to your own garden these decisions are yours. Allow your creative side the freedom to experiment – you can always change your mind. She has shared some of her own garden art with us.
|
ROSE TIPS
den, and each area has its own distinct collection of art. The entry is formal, and the art is classical – Greek statues, a lion fountain. That end of the garden runs to formal art as well – a statue of a boy with pan pipes, a head of Adonis, an intriguing sundial. The other end of the garden is informal, with folk art decorations – a bird house designed after Marietta’s Big Chicken, an angel, a pig. The area around an arbor over a bench includes statues of a rabbit and a cat, recalling memories of her mother. The main water feature includes urns and a frog. Some items are large, some small, many are woven into the background so that they are not immediately visible.
Our own collection of garden art is rather limited. Its most prominent feature is this carving of Punxsutawney Phil, groundhog of note. My husband’s family came from Punxsutawney, so groundhogs are fun to us. Apparently a local chipmunk has deemed this a good place to ponder life in the garden. I recently visited the garden of Anna Davis in Atlanta, GA, Zone 8A, whose garden has been featured in local and national gardening magazines. In Anna’s garden the roses and other plant material are lush and colorful, but its intermixture with structure and art make the garden really special. There are “rooms” in her gar-
photos courtesy Lois Ann Helgeson
Opposite Page: Entry into Anna's garden. Above: 'Love Song' with lantern. Left: 'Europeana' with a sundial.
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 25
ROSE TIPS | So It Grows
photo courtesy Lois Ann Helgeson
Finally, over the last 10 years or so Don and I have traveled to many gardens, usually in conjunction with an ARS event. While not all the gardens are identified, I’ve tried to include a few of the most memorable elements of garden art. Whether it’s formal or whimsical or even tacky, feature some art in your garden this year — a bottle tree, an elephant or a beautiful urn can all be part of the art of the garden!
photo courtesy Anna Davis
Top to bottom: 'Champagne Wishes' with a water feature, frogs in the Birmingham Hodge garden, Phil with the neighborhood chipmunk and Big Chicken birdhouse. photo courtesy Bobbie Reed 26 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 27
INSIDE ROSES | Exploring the World of Roses from the Inside
Inside Roses
A personal investigation into the anatomy and physiology of the rose
Dormancy in Roses Part IV: Why Modern Roses have no Dormancy Cycle
S
o now we finally come to the question: why do modern roses alone not exhibit a dormancy cycle as do most all other woody perennial plants on the planet? I have read several versions of this story and am not certain of all the details. What follows is my own interpretation — it may or may not completely agree with what others have written. During the fourth and fifth centuries AD, Chinese botanists discovered a few wild roses that bloomed continuously throughout the year. Recognizing the importance and uniqueness of this trait, called remontancy, they collected, domesticated and bred these roses over centuries to produce strains of ever-blooming roses called “China roses”. It is believed that two varieties in particular, Rosa chinensis var. spontanea and R. odorata var. gigantea, formed the basis of this collection. When European botanists visited China many centuries later they discovered this well-developed rose floriculture, including the rare and priceless remontant rose varieties. During the late 1700s and early 1800s, four of these China rose cultivars were imported into Europe where they were subsequently crossed and back crossed to produce the forerunners of the rich panoply of modern ever-blooming roses we enjoy today. It is interesting to note that virtually all of the everblooming roses now under cultivation world-wide derive from these wild roses discovered by the Chinese more than 15 hundred years ago. This property of remontancy was investigated by
28 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
by Dr.
Gary A. Ritchie
8026 61st Avenue NE Olympia, WA 98516
rosedoctor@comcast.net
many notable plant scientists including Graham Stewart Thomas and Dr. C.C. Hurst. Their studies demonstrated clearly that, The recurrent blooming characteristic [in roses] is determined by a recessive gene that arose as a mutant in Rosa chinensis. This gene was selected in China and used in rose breeding as early as the Song Dynasty (AD 960-1297).1/ I would suggest that this gene mutation works by disabling the chilling requirement. Plants that do not have a chilling requirement would bloom continuously without undergoing a winter experience. Therefore, by definition, they would be remontant. I propose this as a testable hypothesis and, while I have no data to support it, the hypothesis does have a seductive logic to it. A couple of interesting questions emerge from this construct. Gene mutations often occur in plants and animals forming the basis of evolution — they are the raw material on which natural selection acts. But nearly all gene mutations are deleterious or even lethal. This is because the genetic makeup of an organism has evolved across thousands of generations, so organisms are genetically fine-tuned to survive in the environment in which they evolved. If one of the genes should change (i.e., mutate) the chance that this mutation will be beneficial is very low. Consider this analogy. Suppose you have a pocket watch that your grandfather gave you. Let’s say that you opened it up and randomly changed (mutated)
Exploring the World of Roses From the Inside | INSIDE ROSES photo courtesy Dr. Gary Ritchie
one of the gears to a gear they are called “polyof a different type. What genic” effects. But, apare the chances that the parently dormancy (or watch would work better remontancy) is controlled with the new gear? Not by only one gene. Most very good, right? In a interesting. If this gene real sense, an organism is could be identified and analogous to the watch. It inserted into the genome has undergone millennia of other perennial flowerof development and fine ing plants what wonders tuning, so making some would follow? sort of random change in Remontancy, as exits genes at some point traordinary as it is, is a in time would have little double edged sword. Yes chance of making the or— because of remontanganism more fit to survive cy we enjoy repeat bloom in its environment. in these most beautiful In the present case, of flowers. But it comes this gene mutation was at a price. Remontant not deleterious — the plants, by their very naspecies in which it octure, fail to go dormant curred have survived. in winter. So, they have Since remontant plants a much-reduced ability do not become dormant to cold harden. I’ve not in winter, this suggests seen data on specific that these roses evolved cold hardiness of modin regions where winters ern roses but experience are not cold enough to Figure 1: Rosa chinensis is one of the China roses indicates that it is mod3/ kill plants. Indeed, porknown to carry the gene mutation for remontancy. est at best. So, while we tions of sub-tropical enjoy continuous bloom southern China would fall into this category. It seems throughout summer, we face the annual chore of winlikely that these species evolved in these regions. ter protecting our roses. Here in the moderate coastal However, according to Gregg Lowery of Vintage Northwest, this requires no more than mounding up Gardens, Sebastopol, CA, no one has found a natural our plants in fall. But in more extreme climates winter population of remontant roses growing in these areas protection can be much more difficult and problematic 2/ of China. This surprises me. I would expect to find — sometimes even requiring burying the plants undersome growing somewhere — even if only a few. Perground to assure their over-winter survival. haps they did occur in the wild at some ancient time In conclusion, the next time you read something but were subsequently wiped out by a prolonged low about dormancy in roses, you will know that what you temperature event such as the Little Ice Age, which are reading is only lore — not science. occurred from about 1650 to 1850. In this scenario, the ancient Chinese would have discovered them and __________________ brought them into cultivation before the cold event oc1/ Roberts, et.al. (1999) Jour. Plant Growth Regulacurred. Their care would have preserved these roses tion 18:113-119. 2/ Gregg Lowery was kind enough to review an while their wild relatives were being frozen out of exisearly draft of this article. tence — literally. 3/ What I mean by this is that plant cold hardiness Another point that intrigues me is that multifaceted plant properties as complex as dormancy or research normally yields specific “killing temperatures” remontancy are usually controlled by many genes — for specific plants. I have not seen such data for roses.
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 29
A GREENER THUMB | Good Earth R.O.S.E.
Responsible, Organic,
Simple & Earth-Friendly
by Pamela
Greenewald P.O. Box 1106 Alachua, Florida 32616
gardenangel22@gmail. com
Growing roses as easy as Perennials by Peggy Martin
Y
es, that’s right! In fact all of my roses are in landscaping around my home, along with many perennials. I love the English cottage garden style! Although, the front of my home is a bit more formal. It’s so easy to garden this way, I could not have had 450 antique roses along with a thousand other plants back in my Plaquemines Parish, LA, garden before hurricane Katrina if not. That garden evolved over 35 years, and I aged along with it. Now, in my new home near Baton Rouge, LA, I have over 300 roses with many perennials again; most of the roses were gifts to me after losing all of my roses, except 'Peggy Martin', in Katrina.
The basics of my gardening practices are sustainable and organic — letting nature prevail. 30 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
'Munstead Wood' photo courtesy Rich Baer
Choosing the correct roses for your area is most important. I have quite a mixture just as I had before — old or antique roses, old hybrid teas from the 40s and 50s, Griffith Buck roses and David Austins along with some of the new shrub roses being developed. All of them on their own roots, if possible. I read the rose descriptions carefully before buying any roses — such as David Austins. The descriptions tell me which rose do well in my very hot climate and they have. 'Huntington Rose', 'Darcey Bussell', 'Munstead Wood', 'Jude the Obscure', 'Graham Thomas' and 'Tess of the d’Urbervilles' are a few. Soil is next on the list, but it is actually the most critically important factor in any garden. Soil is a living entity itself; give it organic matter and it will thrive. Soil is teeming with microbes, good bacteria and lots of the good guys such as earthworms.
Good Earth R.O.S.E | A GREENER THUMB If you do not have room for a compost pile, compost in place as I do — constantly adding dry grass clippings (pure nitrogen), chopped leaves, pine straw, small wood chips and even dried weeds! It mimics a forest floor environment where leaves and debris fall and compost under the trees, keeping out competition of weeds and small trees. Leaves have germination deterrent in them. I use red wood mulch on my more formal front beds and the others on my side and back beds. Diversity in plants contributes to healthy gardens as it confuses the insects while also providing breeding grounds for the good bugs that take care of any unwanted harmful insects naturally. Attract birds to your garden with a water supply — bird-bath, fountain, mister, pond, water garden — they don’t have to be big. You don’t have to feed birds, as they eat thousands of insects. Have you ever watched a mother bird bringing her finds to the nest for her young? Yes, they nest all through the garden. Cardinals especially love rose shrubs as nesting sites with their thorny protection for her babies. Most of the old garden roses self clean, along with a lot of the new shrubs, dropping the dried spent blooms with the peduncle. In fact, you get a faster rebloom this way instead of cutting back to a five leaflet growth. You will see the regrowth coming from the bract quite quickly. Remember also, the more leaves left on the bush the more blooms you will have. Only prune back to a five leaflet if you
Organic Nutrient List Nutrient
Symptoms of Deficiency
Sources of Nutrient
Nitrogen
Leaves are yellow and plant is light green in color. Plant often stunted.
Phosphorus
Leaves appear red, purple Bone Meal or very dark green and growth Fish Meal may be stunted. Weak flower Rock Phosphate or fruit production. Colloidal Phosphate
Potassium
Leaf tips and edges are yellow often turning brown. Weak stems.
Greensand Granite Dust Kelp Meal Sul-po-mag Wood Ashes
Magnesium
Older or lower leaves are yellow but veins are still green. Stunted.
Epsom Salts Fish Emulsion
Zinc
Leaves are yellow and thickened, but veins are still green.
Kelp meal Zinc Sulfate
Calcium
Poor bud. Buds and young leaves die back at tips.
Iron
Young leaves are yellow but veins Compost are still green. Growth stunted. Chicken Manure Important for nitrogen fixation Chelated Iron and photosynthesis. Greensand Kelp meal Wood ashes Molasses Milorganite
Alfalfa Meal Bat Guano Blood meal Compost Cottonseed meal Earthworm Castings Feathermeal Fish Emulsion Fish Meal Manure: horse, cow, rabbit, turkey, chicken Milorganite Soybean meal
Gypsum Rock phosphate Wood ashes Egg shells
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 31
A GREENER THUMB | Good Earth R.O.S.E. want to control the size of the rose shrub. The only time I deadhead is before garden tours. Once roses are established (one year) they are very drought tolerant. I had a large experimental bed of old roses in Plaquemines Parish that I did not water or fertilize (only mulched) from 2001 to 2005 when I lost them all to Katrina. Rain water during heavy electrical activity (lightning) causes the nitrogen gas in the air to change to a liquid, thereby giving a wonderful feeding to all plants. If the storm is very heavy with lots of rain it will feed as much nitrogen as you fertilized all year. Before I knew of this phenomenon, I thought the trees and plants were so green from a good washing, not so. I firmly believe in green sand, a darkgreen, very fine sand that is rich in many nutrients, trace minerals, iron and potassium. You only have to use it every five years so it is also economical. I put a cup in every open space before planting a rose in it. I also use a cup of alfalfa meal and one of fish meal (if you can’t get this use blood meal or another source of nirtogen) once a year in very early spring — or twice if I get to it in fall — around the roses only as the overflow reaches the perennials.
Boron
Growing tips and new buds die and lower branches send out new shoots.
Sulfur
Promotes seed production. Young, Molasses light green or yellow overall. Garden sulfur Growth is usually stunted. Gypsum
Copper
Young leaves pale with brown tips, often wilted.
Manganese
Dead spots, white tissue between veins on young leaves.
Epsom salts Kelp meal Sul-Po-Mag
Molybdenum
Young or upper leaves are yellow but veins are still green, growth often stunted.
Kelp extract Kelp meal
Boric acid Compost Granite dust Kelp meal Rock phosphate
Copper sulfate Kelp meal
*Taken from the book Dead Daisies Make Me Crazy by Loren Nancarrow and Janet Hogan Taylor
“If we go to Nature and inquire into her processes we discern more than one glimmer of light. The truth is that life is not material and that the lifestream is not a substance. Life is a force — electrical, magnetic, a quality not a quantity.” Luther Burbank 'Jude the Obscure'
I have been gardening this way for more than 40 years, never using any harmful chemicals of any kind, not pesticides nor fungicides. What could be easier — enjoying a beautiful healthy garden chock full of roses, along with many perennials, tropicals, azaleas and camellias! photo courtesy Helen Pizzi 32 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 33
SHOW BUSINESS | On With The Shows
by Don
& Mary Myers
On the Contrary A
note from Don: I suppose no one is surprised that I named my first hybridized rose after my dear wife, but some have wondered why I called it 'Contrary Mary'. Perhaps this exchange may provide a clue.
Don: Well, it’s January and it’s getting cold and dreary here in North Carolina. It is harder to get out in the garden. At least we can be by the fire to warm us. I like sitting here and reading my rose catalogs. It is also fun to reminisce about last year’s rose season and plan for the spring. What am I going to do to the garden? What new roses will I get? When is the first rose show? Mary: I love when the weather is cold and dreary! Autumn and winter are my favorite seasons. When the daylight grows shorter I feel energized and alive. I can finally shake my summer doldrums and really enjoy the brisk, refreshing weather. On many chilly mornings I like to bundle up and go out to the screened porch to read the newspaper and drink my morning tea.
Don: If you like it that much, why don’t you come out in the garden and help me get it ready for spring? Five hundred roses is a bunch to take care of, and I never seem to have the time to get it all done. Mary: I detest gardening! That’s your part of this hobby! Are you familiar with the term “downsizing”? I still love you, so I’ll always have a hot drink, a warm blanket and a pile of rose catalogs ready for you when you come in from the cold. Is it better to be a rose widow
34 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
8621 Barrett Ridge Road Wake Forest, NC 27587
auntiemoses@gmail.com
than a football widow?
Don: At least you’ll never be a football widow…They say it might get cold enough to snow. I hate snow, but it does help to insulate the roses. I didn’t get a chance to protect all the tender roses. I hope the winter is reasonably mild.
Mary: Not to be contrary (who, ME?), but I’m hoping for a long, snowy winter – I live for snow! I miss our winters in New York when we had a pristine blanket of white from December to March. I know you’re the one who had to shovel the stuff, but you have to admit that once it was done, it was lovely to be surrounded by a postcard view and the muffled, peaceful silence provided by the snow cover.
Don: I would prefer to buy a postcard showing someone else’s snow covered landscape. Getting back to roses… Do you know that we either judged or entered 10 shows in 2013? And if you count the state fair, it would be 13. That’s pretty impressive. Mary: I hadn’t realized we did that many shows! The dark circles under my eyes (from those 3 AM drives) should have been an indication, but I was too busy trying to stay awake during the long drives to think about it.
Don: Those long drives don’t thrill me either, since I end up doing all of the driving. I’ve never understood
On With The Shows | Show Business why shows need to start so early. The prep area usually opens at 6 AM or so. In the past, if you didn’t get there on time you would miss out on some of the properties like bowls, frames and boxes. Now with shows getting smaller it’s not so much of a problem, but it’s hard to break the habit of getting there early.
troducing my first rose, 'Contrary Mary', although some don’t understand the name.
Mary: The hotel was fairly roomy for all of us, but I think that even more “schmoozing” areas would have been nice. The conventions are getting fewer and farther between, so we’re all a bit desperate for any opportunity
“I would offer more classes for “civilian” gardeners. The top gun exhibitors can be intimidating to someone whose best bloom is a big 'Knock Out' spray. I would also spread a lot more publicity to the general population. We are far too elitist!”
Mary: I’m willing to try breaking that early morning habit! The diminishing interest in rose shows tells me that something needs to change. Overhauling some of the old, dusty rose show traditions might be a good place to start! I know there are those who will disagree, but I feel very strongly that if nothing changes traditional rose shows will become a thing of the past.
to spend quality time with our old pals. By the way, as far as 'Contrary Mary' is concerned, I don’t know why the name should surprise anyone who’s known me for a while. If we agreed about everything our life would be very boring indeed! I’m honest enough to say that I have a big mouth and I’m not afraid to use it!
Don: That’s true. OK, if you could improve one thing Don: Sometimes I wonder if you really enjoy the show cycle. What did you most enjoy about doing the rose shows?
about rose shows or showing roses, what would it be? I guess I’m asking how to make them more fun.
Mary: I would offer more classes for “civilian” garMary: As much as I complain about the lack of sleep and the long trips, I figure that once I’ve gone to all that trouble, I might as well make the most of it. Seriously though, I really do love to exhibit roses! However, my most favorite rose show activity is judging. I truly feel I’ve found my niche in the rose world. Of course, I never let any of that prevent me from doing what I do best – being contrary me.
Don: What was the highlight of 2013 — as far as rose shows go?
Mary: It was definitely the Mini-National at WinstonSalem. It’s the first convention I’ve ever attended (in 25 years) where I knew at least 90 percent of the attendees. It was like a big, happy family reunion, only with enough bathrooms for everyone.
Don: I really enjoyed the opportunity to talk “roses” with our rose friends. It was great seeing some of our more distant friends at the convention. Of course winning mini-King was nice, too. Another highlight was in-
deners. The top gun exhibitors can be intimidating to someone whose best bloom is a big 'Knock Out' spray. I would also spread a lot more publicity to the general population. We are far too elitist! Who knows? We might actually attract some new members who just like pretty roses – any roses. You want fun? A good convention is always fun!
Don: There is a lot to think about. We also need to update the classes at our current rose shows…a good focus for some of our future Show Business columns. Maintaining roses for exhibition in the humid east is tough. It’s hard to get away from using many pesticides to keep the blooms in suitable condition to enter. Some have suggested having some classes for non-chemically treated roses…It’s something to think about. Hey, the sun is out! Maybe I can get a few hours of time in the garden... Mary: Put on your woolies, my dear. The weatherman is predicting snow tonight!
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 35
ROSE Research | Better Roses Through Research
Recent Rose
Research This compendium summarizes papers published in research journals throughout the world. If you wish to consult the full paper and cannot find a copy at your local university, write to Professor Richardson enclosing $1 per page to cover the cost of photocopying and postage. Achmon, Y., Zelas, Z.B., and Fishman, A. (2013) Cloning Rosa hybrida phenylacetaldehyde synthase for the production of 2-phenylethanol in whole cell Escherichia coli system. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology DOI s00253-013-5269. 10pp. More than ten thousand tons of phenylethanol with its rose-like fragrance are used annually in the perfumery and food industry being made using benzene, styrene oxide and high temperatures. This study showed that it can also be made by transferring the gene for phyenylacetate synthase from roses to bacteria which then produce the phenylethanol. When further developed and commercialized, the system could replace the toxic chemicals currently used in the synthesis of this compound. Djennane. S., Oyant, L.H., Kawamura, K., Lalllanne, D., Foucher, F. and Leduc, N. (2013) Impacts of light and temperature on shoot branching gradient and expression of strigolactone synthesis and signalling genes in rose. Plant Cell and Environment DOI 10.1111.pce.12191. 16 pp. The impact of light and temperature on a hybrid tea rose 'Radrazz' and a wichurana rambler was compared. In the first lateral flowering shoots are produced once the terminal shoot has flowered, while in the second flowers develop from side buds in the spring but only if the plant has been exposed to cold. The interacting effects of light and temperature was examined in relation to the production of strigolactones, a recently discovered signally molecule. In roses, the bud itself perceives 36 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
by Professor
David H.S. Richardson Dean Emeritus, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada
light and local changes in strigolactone signalling may initiate new branching patterns. Ilbay, Z., Sahin, S. & Kirbaslar, S.I. (2013) Optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) with response surface methodology. Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 93:28042809. Rosa canina hips contain vitamin C and a wide range of phenolic compounds that are valued for traditional medicines and in foods. Ultrasound extraction of rosehip powder using 40 percent alcohol, 50°C and 80 minutes, proved to be the combination that produced the best extraction of the phenolic compounds. Jesse. L., Collyer, M., Moloney, K. & Obrycki, J.J. (2013) Distribution of Megastigmus aculeatus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) and the levels of seed predation of Rosa multiflora (Rosaceae). Weed Biology and Management 13:79-88. Rosa mulitflora is an invasive alien plant that infests 45 million acres in eastern USA. Megastigmus aculeatus is a seed wasp that lays its eggs in the developing seed that is consumed by the larvae. The insect has been proposed for biological control but this study showed that it had limited ability to reduce the spread of the rose as it does not lay eggs in a high enough percentage of the seeds. Le Bras, C., Le Besnerais, P., Hamama, L. & Grapin, A. (2013) Cryopresevation of ex-vitro grown Rosa chi-
Better Roses Through Research | ROSE Research nensis ‘old blush’ buds using droplet-vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture DOI s11240-013-0400-5. 8pp. Rose cultivars are currently conserved in living collections at rose gardens, but this is risky as weather, disease, war or human error can lead to losses. An alternative is cryopreservation and this initial study showed that roses can be preserved this way. Rose shoot tips were sprayed with 70 percent alcohol to surface sterilize them and then the buds dissected and the apices placed in solutions that aid survival, before being plunged into liquid nitrogen. Upon retrieval about 80 percent of the apices survived and could be induced to grow demonstrating that the system has potential for conserving new, old or rare cultivars or rose species. Manners, A.G., Dembowski, B.R. & Healy M.A. (2013) Biological control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera:Thripidae) in gerberas, chrysanthemums and roses. Australian Journal of Entomology 52:246-258. The western flower thrip is a major, world-wide pest but there are predatory mites and nematodes that can act as biological controls. This study from Australia concluded that soil based biological controls do not help in the case of roses as the incidence of pupation in the soil is low. Removal of the old flowers and the use of the predatory mite Transeius montdorensis was the most effective for roses. Moghaddam, H. H., Dewitte, A., Van Bockstaele, E., Van Huylenbroeck, J. & Leus, L. (2013) Roses exhibit pathotype-specific resistance responses to powdery mildew. Journal of Phytopathology DOI jph 12159. 9pp. Powdery mildew is the commonest disease of greenhouse roses and there are a variety of resistance responses in roses, as well as many strains of the fungus. In this study 'Yesterday' and Rosa wichurana were exposed to two strains of powdery mildew. Seedlings from the hybrid between these two were also tested. R. wichurana had partial resistance to both strains while 'Yesterday' was immune to one but susceptible to the other. The hybrid seedlings exhibited a wide range of resistance with most being more susceptible than the parents. Rusanov, K., Kovacheva, N., Rusanova, M. & Atanass-
ov, I. (2013) Flower phenotype variation, essential oil variation and genetic diversity among Rosa albida L. accessions used for rose oil production in Bulgaria. Scientia Horticulturae 161:76-80. Bulgaria and Turkey provide 80 percent of the worlds rose oil and most is extracted from Rosa damascena. However, Rosa alba is grown in one area of Bulgaria and used for the same purpose. Investigations show that some plants have small white flowers and more petals, while other plants have larger flowers and more anthers but fewer petals. The former which resemble R. alba maxima have a higher oil content and should be selected for new plantations. The latter appear to be R. alba semiplena. Tarrahi, R. & Rezanejad, F. (2013) Callogenesis and production of anthcyanin and chlorophyll in callus cultures of vegetative and floral explants in Rosa gallica and Rosa hybrida (Rosaceae) Turkish Journal of Botany 37:1145-1154. Explants from the leaves, stems, petioles, petal, anthers and stigmas of two roses were cultivated in vitro in order to produce callus that might form anthocyanins, a valued pigment in the food industry. The roses were Rosa gallica and 'Dolcvita'. Using suitable media, callus formed within a week which was reddish in the case of the former and greenish in the latter. With the passage of time the red pigment content increased with the highest levels developing in the callus derived from vegetative explants of R. gallica. Yang, F., Li, Y. & Yang, B. (2013) The inhibitory effects of rose powdery mildew infection on the oviposition behaviour and performance of beet armyworms. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 148:39-47. Beet armyworms and powdery mildew frequently attack Rosa chinensis 'Movie Star' that is grown for cut rose flowers in China. When given the choice, these small moths laid more eggs on non-infected leaves and larvae raised on infected leaves were smaller and less viable. This study showed that changes occur in the volatiles released by rose leaves when infected by the fungus and the moths detect this and avoid the leaves. It may be possible to protect healthy rose plants from army worms by spraying them with volatiles that simulate those released after mildew infection. JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 37
Roses Far & Near by Jeff
Wyckoff
19641 5th Avenue South Des Moines, WA 98148
the Far Side of the World Ludwig’s Roses
kjwyckoff@comcast.net
I
n keeping with the theme of this column, it seemed appropriate to visit a nursery as far from the United States as possible. Ludwig’s Roses in Pretoria, South Africa, may not be the farthest away, but it is close. The aggregate distances from New York and Los Angeles to Pretoria is 18,526 miles; by comparison those to Aukland, New Zealand, and Sydney, Australia, total 15,331 and 17,432 miles respectively.
A visit to Ludwig’s Roses, which was included in the World Federation of Rose Societies Triennial Conference in South Africa in October of 2012, is to experience a cornucopia of color, with one of the widest selections of modern roses in the world. Ludwig’s boasts of carrying varieties from more than 25 different firms and hybridizers worldwide. The great majority of these roses has never been seen by American growers and likely never will be. Breeders such as Dorieux, Orard and Delbard from France, Interplant from Holland, Poulsens of Denmark, Dot from Spain, Barni from Italy, Tantau and, of course, Kordes from Germany are just a few of the hybridizers represented in Ludwig’s voluminous catalog. The temptation to cut some budwood and smuggle it home was great, but alas, Ludwig’s people wouldn’t loan us their pruning shears.
38 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Ludwig Taschner immigrated to South Africa from Germany in 1962. After some years working for another nursery, he started Ludwig’s Roses in 1971. Since then he has branched out to other locations in South Africa, becoming by far the largest producer of garden roses, pot roses and cut roses in that country. He has been heavily involved in all aspects of rose Left Side, top to botand flower production tom: 'Myra Stegmann' and organizations in sport of 'Duet', South Africa, and he 'Artista' by Delbard, served as secretary 'Avant-Garde' by Deland treasurer of the World Federation of bard, 'King David' aka Rose Societies. 'Ashram' by Tantau It is common practice for rose firms to change the name of an imported variety to one they think will resonate (and sell) to gardeners in their own country. Some of this
Right Side. top to bottom: 'Garden Pavilion Roos' (JACoro), 'Pat’s Choice' by Kordes Roses, 'Colchester Beauty' by Cants of Colchester, 'Vrouefederasie Roos' by Ludwig Taschner
photos courtesy Jeff Wyckoff
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 39
ROSES far and near | The Roses of Jack
is easily understandable e.g. 'Fourth of July' is 'Crazy for You' in the UK, where American Independence Day likely has few fans. Nearly all foreign roses in the Ludwig’s catalog are renamed, many for South African personages and places, with a fair number in Africaans, a Dutch-related language that is one of the 11 official languages of South Africa. Thus, Kordes’ 'Valencia' became 'Granje Meisieskool', Kordes’ 'Kleopatra' became 'Peace of Vereeniging' to commemorate the location of the end of the Boer War, 'Melodie Parfumee' is 'Zulu Royal', 'Linda Campbell' is 'Scarlet Panarosa', 'Gemini' is 'St. John’s College' ad infinitum. To Ludwig’s credit, he lists the code names of all the roses he carries so that the hybridizer and original name can be readily obtained. Ludwig’s Roses not only sells varieties from a wide range of foreign breeders, they also sell Ludwig’s
own creations. Modern Roses credits him with about four dozen varieties of all types and families. His first introduction was the miniature 'Joy Button' in 1993. The next seven years brought a handful of others, with the majority of his output coming in this century. Few, if any, of his roses are carried outside of his own nursery. Visits to a large nursery like Ludwig’s are like visiting an overseas rose garden. We see wonderful new and old varieties, roses that we can probably never obtain (even if we had room for them) but can still appreciate. They give us an insight into the wide, wonderful world of roses beyond the United States, where rose selection is becoming increasingly insular. They inspire us to go beyond the offerings from the local nursery and peruse the websites of mail order outlets to see if maybe — just maybe — 'Perfect Pink Performer' has somehow sneaked into the U.S. They enrich our rose souls.
photo courtesy John Moe
Above: Jeff Wyckoff with Ludwig Taschner. Left: 'Durbanville Flame' hybridized by Ludwig Taschner
photo courtesy David Elliott 40 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 41
Edited by
CLIPPINGS
Linda Kimmel
From local society newsletters and district bulletins CLIPPINGS is a compilation from local newsletters and bulletins, as well as the suggestions of the committee members on the Newsletter and Publications Committee, the Local Society Relations Committee and the Editorial Advisory Committee. If you have suggestions for future compilations, please send them to lovroses@comcast.net, preferably with the author’s name, the title of the piece and the source of publication.
Contrarians….. Looking back at the American Rose Annuals from 1916 and 1917, I am amazed at the similarity of the rose advice of yesteryear to today’s practices. Has rose culture changed so little in nearly a hundred years? The biggest differences, of course, are the chemicals we use. Is the rose advice that we accept as truth, really evidence based (supported by scientific research), or simply traditional (advice passed down from one generation to the next)? The clippings below are intended to challenge your traditional thinking, and to make you question — just a little — practices that have always been accepted and performed in the rose garden as absolute truths.
Or is it Bigfeets?... From my earliest days, “why” has been one of my favorite words. My third grade teacher’s evaluation of me said that I did not respect authority. Translated, that meant that I did not accept “because I said so, and I’m the teacher” as being an acceptable answer to any question. I have often used the same approach with 42 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Editorial Advisory Committee Chair
lovroses@comcast.net with
Sue Tiffany Local Society Relations Committee Chair
sunshine-n-roses@q.com and
Patsy Cunningham Publications Committee Chair
patham@cox.net
“why” when listening to the advice of experienced rosarians. I believe that there should be some rationale for the things that we are told to do. Dogma gets passed on from person to person, often being embellished along the way, without anyone ever knowing where or why some practices originated or are continued. Thirty years ago as a novice rose grower I was eager and willing to accept everything I heard from the established experts as being unquestionable. Somewhere along the way it seems I had become willing to respect authority and their answers. Since I have been editor of the Chatter (now 23 years), however, I have begun to revert to my childish ways. There are a number of practices, used by many rose growers, I never stress as being necessary. One such practice is sealing newly cut rose canes with Elmer’s Glue, Vaseline, Shellac, thumbtacks or with whatever fad may be popular. Oh yes, for a number of years I did spend a great deal of time painting, dabbing, smearing, etc., things onto the ends of my rose canes to protect them from the dreaded cane borer. It seems Bigfoot and UFO sightings are made by those who believe in them. The true believer’s photography equipment always fails at the crucial moment, or the
A NEWSLETTER/BULLETIN SAMPLING | CLIPPINGS resultant pictures are so fuzzy that nothing concrete can be identified, so that we non-believers never get enough evidence to be converted. I have yet to see any photographic evidence of the kind of drastic damage that I have heard about. With all of the rose growers out there, let us get some real photographic evidence of cane borer damage, that is — if it exists. I personally doubt it does. Now, if I can just convince myself that I do not believe in mildew! Rich Baer (rosesXrich@aol.com), ‘Rose Rhetoric Two: Cane Borers, UFOs and Bigfoots — or is it Bigfeets?’, March, 2013, Portland Rose Chatter, Rich Baer, ed. Portland Rose Society.
After Years of Spraying... The home gardener can easily follow a chemical-free gardening regime with excellent results. When we commit to pesticide free gardening, we can begin to reduce the pesticide residues in our garden and to create a healthy environment for our family and pets. There are many beneficial insects in nature. Some of them are commercially produced so that their naturally occurring numbers can be artificially increased in the early spring when pest infestations are just beginning. We, as gardeners, must become somewhat educated as to which pest insects we have in our gardens and monitor our gardens to know when the infestations begin. It is important to release the predator and parasitoid insects at the right time. We should not wait until the pest population is too high. Beneficial insects are functioning as they should when we are not even aware of their good work. They create a natural balance, keeping the pest insect numbers low enough to prevent unacceptable aesthetic damage or endangerment to the health of the plant. We do not want to kill all the pest insects, for the beneficial insects need a steady supply of food for their survival. We can encourage beneficial insects to stay and reproduce in our gardens if we provide the right habitat. Beneficial insects need pollen, nectar and a steady supply of prey. They need a water source (tray
of water and gravel or water garden). They need shelter from wind, rain and extremes of temperature. Patsy Williams (ptzwm@att.net), ‘Beneficials, Another Choice,’ July, 2013. Houston Rose-Ette, Maria Trevino (maria@burger.com), ed. Houston Rose Society.
Bloom Booster, to use or not to use, that is the question... It is natural for rosarians to do everything they can to keep their plants producing healthy blooms as often as possible. If we thought fairy dust would do this, we would apply it with enthusiasm. We are certain fairy dust will not do this, but we have been told that fertilizer will give us the flowers we love. With our rosarian optimism, we conclude if one or two fertilizer applications are good, then surely three or four would be better and give us more flowers. Likewise, if phosphorus (the P in NPK) gives the plant energy to produce blooms, then fertilizer with a lot of phosphorus is what we need for our rose plants. Right? Wrong. Our passion to give our roses everything we think they need has led garden product marketing departments to create more things we think our roses need. Or maybe it is American enthusiasm for the biggest, latest and greatest products that is to blame. The fact is, high phosphorus levels in fertilizer do not promote more bloom. It is very possible these fertilizers will be doing more harm than good. It is time to throw out the bloom boosting fertilizers with their high phosphorus levels. Any synthetic fertilizer with a high middle number (P) is going to overload your soil with phosphorus. As summer progresses and the leaves of your rosebushes turn yellow, you may be tempted to add something to the soil, such as iron or magnesium (Su-Po-Mag). By doing this, without testing your soil, you may end up worsening the problem. The bottom line? What you put in the ground is not necessarily what the rose will take up – availability of nutrients are affected by pH and other soil factors. If you think you have problems with nutrient deficiencies, get your soil tested. Finally, do not use anything that has a phosphorus number higher than nitrogen or po-
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 43
CLIPPINGS | A NEWSLETTER/BULLETIN SAMPLING tassium. Your blooms do not benefit and your soil will be overloaded. Carolyn Elgar (jwmson1@cox.net), ‘Phosphorus Fallacies — too much of a good thing,’ June, 2013. Rose Gazette, Carolyn Elgar, ed. Orange County Rose Society.
What the heck is Mycorrhizae?... The addition of mycorrhizae to the soil is a controversial topic for gardeners. This group of fungi develops a symbiotic relationship with plant roots. The rose roots provide the mycorrhizae with food while the mycorrhizae fungi extend the reach of the rose roots for water and nutrients by attaching to the rose roots and extending long strands of mycelium throughout the soil. Initially rose lovers were enthusiastic about mycorrhizae, but further research has dimmed that enthusiasm. Inoculation of mycorrhizae can be expensive and the exact kind of mycorrhizae that work best with roses is uncertain. Perhaps most illuminating is the research that indicates that the major nutrient a plant gains through mycorrhizae increased root capacity is phosphorus. If a plant has enough phosphorus it does not send out the signals that encourage symbiotic mycorrhizal growth. Adding phosphorus in fertilizer may negate the benefits of any inoculation. Is there a rose lover anywhere who can swear he will never use phosphorus again in fertilizing roses? The money for mycorrhizae would be better invested in a garden wide application of humic acid. Carolyn Elgar (jwms1@cox.net), ‘Your Roses’ Roots,’ April, 2013. Rose Gazette, Carolyn Elgar, ed. Orange County Rose Society.
Are Roses Really Divas?... Gardening is still the number one pastime in America, but too many Americans are reluctant to add roses to their landscapes. The stereotype of roses as finicky, high-maintenance plants is too widespread to ignore. Nearly every gardener in America has tried roses but too many have the same complaint — the healthy looking plant that they purchased declined and died in spite of lavish care. Our mission is to help people
44 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
choose roses for success. The key to success is matching local conditions with the right varieties and care to achieve local success. Your garden space is the most valuable real estate you own. Your plants and their blooms express the special and personal ties with the place you have chosen to live. Match your choices of variety with your location, environment, weather and personal priorities. Good matches will bring the beauty and reward of successful rose gardening to your life and family. There are rose varieties that can bring the glory of the rose to every garden. Seek the wisdom of successful local gardeners if you want America’s National Floral Emblem to thrive in your space. Wayne Myers (rosefan66@gmail.com), ‘Making Local Rose Choices,’ April, 2013. Buds & Blooms, Lindy Myers (rosefan66@gmail.com) and Shirley Teerlink (rosefan@bellsouth.net), eds. Jacksonville Rose Society.
Does IPM Really Work?... The next thing to do to encourage beneficial insects is to plant flowers that will attract the adult syrphid flies and parasitic wasps, along with other beneficial insects like minute pirate bugs (which feed on mites and thrip but not anything as big as an aphid). Good food sources include our roses of course, but some nice companion plants include alyssum, thyme, yarrow, dill, chamomile, mint, statice, blackberry, zinnia, cosmos, cilantro, lavender and parsley. Finally — and this can be the most difficult — beneficial insects need something to eat, every day. That means you have to have some bugs around for them to eat, every day. Do not plan to have an aphid-free garden. No aphids at all means there is no reason for the beneficial insects to hang around, and they will leave looking for the next meal. Leave a few bugs in the garden to keep the beneficial insects fed and you should not have problems with large damaging populations as the beneficial insects will be on site to keep things under control. Regina Johnson (prez@olyrose.org), ‘Aphids and the things that eat them,’ May, 2013. The Clippings, Regina Johnson, ed. Olympia Rose Society.
Prune the Roots?... How many gardeners prune their bare-root plants be-
A NEWSLETTER/BULLETIN SAMPLING | CLIPPINGS fore potting or planting? “Huh!” – Some say. I prune the tops and roots to balance the act. I became a believer when the late and great J. Ben Williams ran this by me one day, stating, “Bill, you want to gain three years on attaining a nearly mature rose plant?” Of course, he got my attention. I was at his place in Silver Spring, MD, and he was extending a crate of test plants to me to share with ARF/PRS members. He stated, “Cut back the tops to about 6-to-10 inches, three or four canes are plenty. Remove twiggy, broken stuff and all the inbetweens. Then tip or prune all roots back to balance the act. Remove broken roots, check for crown galls and suckers. I became a follower and believer. I had several Queens on first year bare-root plants. Ben also stated, “You may never get to hold that plant in your hand and inspect it at such close range again.” When Bobby Cole at Sam’s Farm used to pot up a portion of his roses, it was my job to prepare the plant for the pot. Yeah! Akin to plucking a chicken prior to its final home – only a different pot. Bill Blevins, ‘Rose Note Book,’ May, 2013. The Capital Rose, Joe Covey (coveyj@earthlink.net), ed. Arlington Rose Foundation and Potomac Rose Society.
Save the Roses… As more and more nurseries have been lost, the numbers of roses lost to commerce continue to increase. If older and newer roses are to survive for the next cycle of garden fashion we must make it happen. If you do not have at least one or two varieties in your garden, buy some now while you still can. Then, learn to propagate. Do a few each year. Share the plants with others. It is as pass-along plants that they will survive, if they survive at all. Jeri Jennings (heritageroses@gmail), ‘Editor’s Comment on the Closing of Vintage Gardens,’ April, 2013. Gold Coast Heritage News, Jeri Jennings, ed. Gold Coast Heritage Rose Group.
Prune Low Sweet Chariot… Pruning season now approaches and with it comes the Society’s annual pruning demonstrations at the Woodland Park and the Highline Botanical Rose Gardens. Since the Woodland Park Garden is oriented more towards mass display, as opposed to large blooms for cutting or exhibition, their roses tend to be pruned quite high. Society members were re-pruning the
bushes lower, in an effort to demonstrate the type of pruning that would be more typical of our members’ gardens. I know that in my case I was still holding back a bit, leaving the bushes substantially higher than I would in my own yard. Still, even when I begin with light to moderate cuts to shape the bush a bit before really getting down to business, there were audible gasps as I made even those modest first trims. Whenever I cut back a cane of substantial size I feared I would have to call 911 to revive shocked observers. I have tried out various explanations to reassure observers that my pruning is not damaging the bush. One approach has been to observe that all modern roses are man-made creations that have long since lost the capacity to thrive on the benign neglect that works so well for many wild and species roses. They need to be pruned and pruned seemingly severely to renew their healthy hybrid hearts from year to year. This explanation seems to yield mixed results — some accept it, and others seem more of the “Mother Nature always knows best, so anything other than minimal human intervention is bad” school of thought. I usually fall back on the argument that “I’ve been at this for years, and take my word for it that they do better with lower pruning.” I am sure all of you have seen some of those “minimal intervention” rose gardens and it is often not a pretty sight, tangles of long dead or diseased canes surrounding spindly new growth with few or no flowers. The new low-maintenance varieties fare better, of course, but even they benefit from skillful pruning. As an experienced rosarian, one of your missions is to bring light to the masses on the benefits of pruning. What do you say when a novice observer looks ready to pass out from watching your “butchery?” Ken Sheppard (ksheppard@sksp.com), ‘How can You (Gasp) Prune that Rose so Low?’ March, 2013. Rose Petals, Caroline Fredette (RosePetalsEditor@gmail. com), ed. Seattle Rose Society.
Rose Catalogs —Some of the Biggest Lies Ever Told… A beginner has many questions as the growing season begins and foremost among these are the selection of varieties to grow. My first year, I purchased five bare-
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CLIPPINGS | A NEWSLETTER/BULLETIN SAMPLING root plants at a discount store using as my guide the lovely picture of a bloom on each package. I would eventually regret that misguided choice. Marketing is a smart tool used in most endeavors to enhance the desirability of a product being vended. The sale of roses is no different, whether the attraction is presented as a picture on a container or a photo in a catalog, a little research before purchasing can reduce the chance for disappointment later. Suppliers of fieldgrown plants grow each variety by the thousands, and a competent photographer can take a picture of a superb bloom from only one plant to represent the entire crop even if the variety is of dubious worth. Doug Whitt (dwhitt6@bellsouth.net), ‘Rookie Rosarian Riddles,’ April, 2013. Charlotte Rosebud, Doug L’Hommedieu (dclrose@gmail.com), ed. Charlotte Rose Society.
I Promised You a Rose Garden… As I get older and health problems adversely affect my mobility, I am finding it increasingly more difficult to maintain my 300 roses and the garden. After a stroke, my legs have mostly been replaced with an electric scooter. The realization that I am not bulletproof has caused me to consider what was going to happen with my roses in the future. The garden would become a weed-filled eyesore and eventually replaced with grass. Wanting to find a good home for my roses I asked the resident horticulturist at our local arboretum if they would be interested in receiving, as a gift, my roses and greenhouse. One reason the Arboretum expressed interest in this proposition, like me, they want to promote gardening — doing so with plants that do not require sprays or other special means to grow and survive. Being hardy, my roses require no winter protection in 5A growing zone and that includes the climbers. I requested that the garden be handicapped assessable with some raised beds and a display of gardening tools for those who are mobility challenged. The garden should be beautiful as well as educational. After conferring with the Director and Board and receiving my letter of intent, the Arboretum accepted. What began as simply giving the Arboretum my roses has turned into a very large undertaking. The Arboretum has applied for and received grants to have the garden designed and built. More grants are being processed to have the roses potted and moved. I will stay
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involved as an advisor during the whole process. It is a good feeling. What will become of your roses when you are gone? May I suggest you make arrangements to preserve them? Karl Bapst (rosenut7673embarqmail.com), ‘What will happen to your roses?’ September, 2012.
What is the Truth about Rose Mosaic?... Rose Mosaic is a viral disease that was in the rose when you bought it and will remain in the rose as long as it lives. There are differences in opinion about whether this is a problem or not. I read one newsletter where the author had apparently heard or read that the mosaic virus could spread through natural root grafts. It is a theoretical possibility, but I have not heard this published in the literature in more than 30 years and not one you should think about ever again. Reports that plants with mosaic might produce fewer flower or flowers with poorer exhibition form have never been proven. However, I will admit that an entry into a rose show with a leaf showing the typical virus manifestations is not as likely to win as one that does not have this manifestation. So you see if this virus is a problem, it is with high-level exhibitors, not those who just appreciate the beauty of a garden and can accept a rose with minor flaws. Rich Baer (rosesXrich@aol.com), ‘Rose Rhetoric,’ May, 2013. Portland Rose Chatter, Rich Baer, ed. Portland Rose Society.
Are You A Rose Gardener or Rose Farmer?... Why do I grow roses? What is the point of having a “Highbred” tea rose in a certain spot rather than another type of rose? What do you mean other flowers that compliment roses? Do you know what an epiphany is? In the Christian calendar, it is the celebration of the wise men bringing gifts to the Christ child celebrated on January 6th. However, the word itself means “a sudden intuitive leap of understanding, especially through an ordinary but striking occurrence.” I had an epiphany this morning. I am not a rose gardener. I am a rose farmer. Farmer? Yes, farmer. I have my roses planted in rows, like corn. I am not gardening; I am farming the roses. I have
been growing them for a sole purpose: to look at the flower; to cut it and bring it in the house; to cut it and show it at a rose show; to cut it and take it to work to make people happy; to cut it and take it to a friend or as a gift. Nevertheless, I do not have a garden. I have a rose field. Georgie Bever (RoseLady1949@gmail.com), ‘Prattles from your President,’ March, 2013. The Rose Companion, Beverly Watry (YellowRosesNov@msn.com), ed. Pike’s Peak Rose Society.
For the Exhibitors- Do You Go This Far?... Before a rose show, look at your bushes and start protecting them from the rain and overnight dew (we use milk jugs with the bottom cut off, putting a tall metal stake through the handle as a sort of umbrella and cover the bloom so that rain/dew will not spot the petals). For those of you who do not have stakes/jugs, you can cover the roses with Zip-Lock bags. Puff the bags open and slip them over the bloom, zipping them nearly closed. I have done this for many years, using sandwich bags for the minis and gallon size for the large roses. Just like the jugs, you have to get out there and remove them when the sun comes back out so it does not cook the bloom but it does work. And you will, I am sure, have one or more of your neighbors come over and ask what in the world you’re doing. It is a nice conversation starter, and after a while folks will just say, “Oh, it must be time for a rose show!” Lynda Grass (Lgrass@wvhdf.com), ‘This and That,’ May, 2013. Ramblin’ Rose, Lynda Grass, ed. Charleston Rose Society.
is never graceful. It most always involves doing a backward somersault down a hill straight into a pile of rose clippings with every neighbor applauding your performance. • Putting a bird feeder in your rosebed means you‘ll have rose blooms covered with bird poo. • Blackspot is much easier to prevent than it is to remove. • The rose you plant will never be the color of the picture in the catalog. • If a catalog says that the rose will be 4- to 6-feet tall, it will really be 8- to 10-feet tall in your garden and you planted it in the wrong place. • Your day to spray will come up on the windiest and/or rainiest day of the week. All of the aggravation and blood, sweat and tears are worth it when your roses are in full bloom and you can sit back and think to yourself, “Now, this is a real garden.” Kim Austin(kimaustin@bellsouth.net), ‘Random Thoughts of a Rose Addict,’ June, 2011. Greenville Rose Bud, Frank van Lenten (fvanlenten@charter.net) and Rita Van Lenten (ashgram1@charter.net), eds. Greater Greenville Rose Society.
Important Enough to Pass Along… • Never plant a tea rose next to a driveway. It will soon look like someone knifed your car. • Snakes do not respond to “shoo now” and “get out of the way”. • The rose that you wanted to buy for years after searching every available rose nursery and lovingly planted in the perfect spot to be pampered and treated like a diva, will have one stingy bloom and then develop Rose Rosette disease. • They need to make those little 4-wheel garden scooters with a seat belt. Falling off
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HISTORY of MODERN ROSES illustration courtesy Tommy Cairns
Rosa Semperflorens (Ever-Blooming Rose) First published in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine in 1794. Later called 'Slater’s Crimson China', one of the “Four Stud Roses” described in 1941 by Dr. C. C. Hurst.
N
ew valuable and tangible characteristics inherent in China roses — found lacking in European bred roses of the 18th century — permitted a renaissance in rose hybridizing once imported from China. These characteristics were: 1 Repeat or perpetual blooming, a trait occurring only among Autumn Damasks. 2 Introduction into the color palette of a true crimson non-fading red. 3 Development of a more compact bush habit. 4 Introduction of yellow into the breeder’s palette. 5 Re-invigoration of the fragrance range. Towards the end of the 17th century the English East India Company established a trading post at Canton in
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by Dr. Tommy Cairns
southern China. While the exports were mainly tea and silk, this commercial bilateral connection played an important pivotal role in modern rose development. Indeed gardeners owe a great deal of thanks to its compassionate directors for they were avid gardeners. As early as 1696, an officer of the Company sent to England some dried plant materials — among them two species roses, R. multiflora and R. laevigata. However, it was not until the end of the 18th century that the captains of the East-Indiamen, as the ships were then called, began to regularly carry back to England cultivated roses found growing in Canton — particularly from the Fa Tee nursery a stone’s throw from the docks. These cultivars were probably many generations removed from the wild indigenous R. chinensis and R. gigantea themselves. As anticipated these offspring found their way into both the gardens of the East India
Company directors and their friends and subsequently into the Royal Gardens at Kew.
The Four Stud Roses In 1941, the English botanist, Dr. C. C. Hurst (18701947) concluded that while varieties of R. chinensis were probably grown in Italy as early as the 16th century, they played no important role in the development of modern roses. Hurst did declare from his pioneering genetic studies that only four cultivated Chinese vari-
eties played the key role in the development of modern roses. These four roses, aptly called by Hurst as the “Four Stud Chinas,” were 'Slater’s Crimson China' (1792) determined to be a product solely derived from R. chinensis var. spontanea while the three others, 'Parson’s Pink China' (1793), 'Hume’s Blush Tea-Scented China' (1809) and 'Park’s Yellow Tea-Scented China' (1824) were descendants of R. chinensis and R. gigantea. All four were perpetual flowering, of dwarf habit and demonstrated completely different leaves, canes and fragrance than had previously existed in the old roses of Europe. 'Slater’s Crimson China' Early in the 18th century, the very first plants of the 'China Monthly Rose' (translated from the Chinese,
“Yue yue hong” meaning “every month red”), R. chinensis var. semperflorens, had been exported to India and was erroneously credited to be a native of India becoming known as the 'Bengal Rose'. Later in the century this rose was introduced by the French into the Isle of Bourbon, which by serendipitous and unintentional breeding gave birth to a new classification of roses called bourbons. The 'Bengal Rose' also came into cultivation in Haarlem, Holland, in 1781, having been introduced by a Dutch East-Indiamen. The pivot-
al breakthrough came in 1789, when Sir Joseph Banks introduced it into England and, chronologically, the China connection in roses begins. Coincidentally in 1789, the 'Crimson China Monthly' (Rosa chinensis, var. semperflorens), was transported and delivered by the captain of an English East-Indiaman, John Main, to Gilbert Slater, Esq. James Main was a Scottish botanist who visited the Canton area in 1793-1794, reportedly on behalf of Captain Gilbert Slater of Essex, an avid gardener and supposedly a director of the East Indian Company (records of the Company do not support this fact). Slater introduced the rose to Britain, which was later named 'Slater’s Crimson China'.
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'Parsons’ Pink China' Introduced in 1793, by Joseph Banks, Director of Kew Gardens, was accredited to have been collected near Canton by Sir George Staunton, a member of Lord Macartney’s embassy to China. First report of it being grown was made in 1793, at Rickmansworth, in the garden of Mr. Parsons, of course. By 1823, its popularity had grown such that it was said to be “in every cottage garden.” Sold under the name of 'Pale China Rose' (aka 'Old Blush') this variety in France became successful at breeding many new hybrids. Strangely this variety also appeared in North America around 1800, and was responsible for creating several new classifications including noisette roses, tea roses, hybrid teas and hybrid perpetuals.
of plants during the 1810s. As with 'Slater’s Crimson China' these consignments of rose plants were from the Fa Tee Nurseries near Canton. 'Park’s Yellow Tea-Scented China' While originally thought to have been the result of one of many plant-hunting expeditions sponsored by the Royal Horticultural Society, its introduction was primarily due to the efforts John Reeves of the East India Company at Canton from 1812 to 1831. Reeves is credited with the responsibility of importing this variety around 1823 and delivering it to the Royal Horticultural Society.
In France the variety was given the name R. indica sulphurea. The plant featured large yellow blooms with thick tea-scented petals and bright leaves. This variety is an important ancestor to many Opposite Page: Chart of the Four Stud yellow tea roses Roses. Above: 'Parsons’ Pink China' and hybridized in 'Old Bush' the 1800s. photos and graphics courtesy Tommy Cairns
'Hume’s Blush Tea-Scented China' In 1810, Sir Abraham Hume introduced another refugee from Canton later named as 'Hume’s Blush Tea-Scented China' (mixture of R. chinensis and R. gigantea). Sir Abraham Hume of Wormley Bury, Hertfordshire, was a keen gardener whose wife, Lady Amelia Hume, also shared his botanical exuberance. Sir Abraham’s cousin, Alexander Hume, was in charge of the trading post at Canton. Therefore, it was commonplace through Alexander and the East India Company’s inspector of tea, John Reeves (1778-1856), for the Humes to receive consignments
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The China Roses Move into Action The lack of innovative luster for rose breeding in Europe, up until the beginning of the 19th century, received a much-needed reinvigoration with the genetic treasure trove provided by the four stud roses imported from China. Botanists and breeders quickly realized the prime new characteristic, that of reblooming. Roses could become a flower for all seasons giving color in the garden from spring to fall. This windfall of being able to take rose breeding to the next level of evolu-
Left: Chart of the Origins of the Noisette Class Below: 'Parks’ Yellow TeaScented China' Opposite Page: Chart of the Origins of the Bourbon Class and Pink Tea Roses
photos and graphics courtesy Tommy Cairns
tion was explored with great success, and the Chinese varieties were exhaustively used in both deliberate planned parenthood and planting chance seedlings. Remarkably the first outstanding examples of development of new rose classifications were from outside Europe. For instance, in the United States the noisettes were born and in Reunion Island the bourbons were born! And so began the era of “Old Garden Roses”. By 1867, breeders and botanists had enlarged the OGR family members to 21! Noisettes The first recorded incidence of rose breeding with the four stud roses from China happened in Charleston, SC, in the United States. In 1802, John Champney, a
wealthy rice farmer and avid gardener produced the climbing rose, 'Champney’s Pink Cluster' from a chance seedling between 'Parson’s Pink China' (imported from England after arrival from Canton) and R. moschata ('Miller’s White Musk'), winning popularity for its musk fragrance and beautiful large semi-double pink blooms. Recognizing the merits of this climber, Philippe Noisette — via self-pollination — created the first noisette rose. His brother Louis, in Paris, then further developed the classification with seeds from America and distributed the variety throughout Europe. This strategy of deliberately hybridizing the repeat-flowering China rose with an old rose and then self-pollinating the seedling to a perpetual flowering offspring was a successful model repeated many times in the development of
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hybrid perpetuals and summer flowering hybrid chinas. Still grown today is 'Lamarque', an outstanding 1830 creation known for its ability to rebloom. Further breeding experiments with 'Parks’ Yellow Tea-Scented China' gave rise to tea roses within a yellow palette. Bourbons During the long voyage from Canton, China to England, the ships of the East India Company would call in at Indian ports and perhaps off load rose plants to allow them to be grown into much healthier plants before onward shipment to London. As a result, many Chinese exports found their way to another port of call, Reunion Island (near Mauritius), formerly known as French île de Bourbon. On the island it was common practice to use roses as hedges to mark land boundaries. Two such varieties used extensively were 'Autumn Damask' and 'Parson’s Pink China'. Then in 1817, the French botanist, Jean Nicolas Breon, director of the Jardin du Roy (now Jardin du L’Etat), noticed an altogether different rose growing between them. Removing the plant to his home garden, he permitted the bush to set hip sending the seeds to Antoine Jacques, head gardener and rose breeder in charge of three royal estates in Paris. From these seeds was raised the variety known as “Rosier de L’île de Bourbon” captured in watercolors by Pierre Redoute in 1824, and thus the “Bourbons” were born! The exact history of the further development of this
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group of roses during the first half of the 19th century is unknown but more recently Professor Jay has initiated genetic studies to unlock the history.
Other Significant Imports from China While the four stud roses mentioned above have received the majority of the accolades for modern rose breeding. There were many other varieties imported via Canton that have also imprinted significant advancements in rose breeding. In 1804, Thomas Evans sent from China to England the first rambler rose (R. multiflora). A short time later, Charles Francis Greville received from China a rambler rose (Rosa multiflora platyphylld), which has enjoyed popularity under the name of 'Seven Sisters'. In 1792, Lord Macartney brought back from China a rose (R. bracteata), which was aptly named the 'Macartney Rose' not be confused with another import from
graphic courtesy Tommy Cairns
Canton, the 'Cherokee Rose' (R. laevigata). In 1796, R. rugosa, native to Japan, Korea and northeastern Asia, was introduced into England by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy. All these new plants from China quickly attracted the attention of botanists in England, and the Royal Horticultural Society dispatched representatives to China expressly to collect additional specimens for study.
were tripoloid and hence were sterile. It was not until 1830, that a major breakthrough was achieved when hybrid chinas started to have tetraploid character, varieties such as 'Malton' and 'Athalin'. These varieties were excellent seed bearers and while being once flowering did carry a recessive gene for recurrent flowering and hence played a major role in the development of hybrid perpetuals.
Hybrid Chinas & Hybrid Perpetuals While initiating the evolution of noisettes, bourbons and tea rose classifications, they also pioneered the development of additional classes by crossing with the gallica group so prevalent in Europe. The main class evolution resulted in hybrid chinas. The first variety resulting from such crosses was 'Brown’s Superb Blush' by crossing a gallica with 'Hume’s Blush Tea-Scented China'. Such derived varieties investigated by Hurst
Contemporary with the breeding lines for hybrid chinas, crosses between R. damascana and R. gallica produced a class known as portlands, of which the most famous member is 'Rose du Roi', which when crossed with 'Athalin' gave recurrent blooming varieties with much larger blooms than the smaller flowered portlands.
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The introduction of the bourbons into the breeding with hybrid chinas and portlands resulted in the classification of hybrid perpetuals finally recognized around 1835, as a evolutionary development most worthy of formal recognition. For instance the French breeder, Laffay was instrumental in bringing together the qualities of hybrid chinas, portlands and bourbons to produce such wonderful varieties as 'La Reine', 'General Jacqueminot' and 'Gloire des Rosomanes'. While the majority of hybrid perpetuals are vigorous and highly recurrent, a few early varieties lacked limited rebloom qualities. However, the color range in reds to purple was impressive while a few white and yellows were absent. Along with the tea roses, hybrid perpetuals dominated the development of garden roses up until 1900. Hybrid teas with the expanding genetic treasure trove provided by the developed hybrid perpetuals and tea roses it was a goal of breeders to combine their best qualities into a new classification. This challenge was met by Guillot of France in 1867, when he introduced the variety 'La France'. Often quoted by authors as born from a cross between the tea rose 'Mme Bravy' and the hybrid perpetual 'Mme Victor Verdier', Guillot himself said, “I cannot give information on the parents of 'La France' since the seeds of the different tea varieties were mixed together in 1864 (the year of the cross). From its wood, thorns, leaves and flower, it is a hybrid variety derived from a tea rose, and not at all like other hybrids”. In essence Guillot had indicated that 'La France' had not only the vigorous and hardy habit of a hybrid perpetual but also the elegant shaped buds and flowering character of a tea rose.
emerged as the most popular garden rose overtaking the hybrid perpetuals by their improved hardiness over the teas, but they lacked a complete color range and among the early hybrid teas there were no yellows. Extending the color range to be inclusive of yellow required introducing a species into the breeding program. Such a species was R. foetida as utilized by Pernet Ducher between 1883 and 1888. It was a slow process requiring persistence, but finally after thousands of crossings he struck gold when using the hybrid perpetual 'Antoine Ducher'. Historical records indicated that one of the two seedlings from that cross did resemble a hybrid perpetual in growth, color and fragrance but its leaves were derived from R. foetida. It was a single petaled bicolored variety, which on first viewing might be described as of no particular merit. The trained eye of Pernet Ducher realized the potential value, and a cross with a hybrid tea produced the first yellow hybrid tea, 'Soliel d’Or'. While a tetrapoloid like its grandparents, it was partially sterile but not so severe as to prevent further crossing. Breeding continued with 'Soliel d’Or' and other early varieties with R. foetida bicolor (more commonly known as 'Austrian Copper') and the brilliant yellow offspring were referred to as pernetianas. This group possessed excessive thorns, lacked fragrance and were very susceptible to blackspot; all common traits derived from R. foetida. And so the next evolutionary step in modern rose development was to eliminate these unsuitable faults while merging hybrid teas with the pernetianas. Modern roses can often trace their ancestors to the early pernetianas such as 'Soliel d’Or', 'Lyon Rose' and 'Crimson Glory' by Kordes (1937) out of 'Catherine Kordes'.
20th Century Hybrid Teas It took almost 30 years for formal recognition of this class to be finally regarded by the industry as distinct from their parents, the hybrid perpetuals. Even in 1886, in the horticultural publication of the day, the Gardener’s Chronicle, there was fierce debate over their recognition. Admittedly the first members of this class were for the most part sterile or poor at setting hip. For instance Dickson of Northern Ireland made hundreds of crosses with 'La France' before seeing any rewarding seedlings, which included the famous mother variety 'Mrs W. J. Grant'. However, the hybrid teas finally
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The continuing saga of the development of hybrid teas mainly involved intercrossing existing cultivars with no new species being introduced into the evolution. This inbreeding resulted in a marked decrease in vigor. Two American breeders, Lammerts in 1945, and Swim in 1948, made a bold scientific start on inheritance transmittance based on analysis of their seedling populations. On bloom color it was recognized that the dominant (wild type) color in roses is magentapink to rose-red. Pink was dominant on the one hand to dark red and also to orange-yellow, yellow, white
graphic courtesy Tommy Cairns
and scarlets. Deep yellow was recessive to light yellow and white was recessive to cream and light yellow. Understanding color inheritance still had a long journey ahead to unlock the basic fundamentals. Lammerts took the position that crossing varieties derived from genetic lines might achieve a breakthrough. He was right and in 1940 by crossing 'Crimson Glory' (a Kordes variety with several generations of breeding) with 'Soeur Therese' (the end result of a long line of
cultivars by Pernet-Ducher) produced 'Charlotte Armstrong', a truly vigorous and popular variety of its time. The other great success story is the birth of 'Peace' after World War II. This feature is a compilation of a series by Dr. Tommy Cairns which was first published in ROSES 90210, the bulletin of the Beverly Hills Rose Society, edited by Dr. Tommy Cairns.
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Polyanthas photo courtesy Cliff Orent
by Jim Delahanty
Prolific Polyanthas: Quantity and Quotidian Bloom
P
olyanthas were once regarded as a class of roses with compact plants, relatively high disease resistance and nearly continuous bloom. However, as lawyers might explain in the context of Southern California, ‘continuous bloom’ might be considered a term of art. In a discussion with a rosarian friend the notion of polyantha ‘continuous bloom’ was dismissed with a
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snarl stating that when “continuous bloom begins in June, half the year is gone.” This criticism is not unfair; some of the best polyantha bloom occurs in months when rose shows are no longer taking place — like June. From August of 2009 through August of 2010, I simply counted the number of blooms and buds present on my polyantha roses. I was interested in both the quantity of blooms as well as the number of months in which there was any bloom. The results were startling. I have had one polyantha for nearly five years, 'For-
tissima', which has yet to bloom; avocados from seed have been more prolific. And a surprising number of polyanthas were relatively stingy in terms of the quantity of bloom provided. I should note, however, that a number of my polyanthas are in containers spread over a pot ghetto big enough to obscure my patio, deck and walkways. On the other hand, I do have a wide variety of polyanthas, more than 200 different varieties. Quantity of bloom: The table lists the 10 polyanthas that provided the most bloom over the 12-month period. As would be the case with any 12-month period, it was not typical insofar as the temperatures were significantly lower for most of the spring and summer of 2010 and the winter was rainier than usual in recent years. Of the 10 roses listed in the table, six are either part of or descended from the original tea-polyantha
to 40 or more blooms in a pyramidal shape. Not only is 'Karine' a heavy provider of bloom, it extends that bloom from March through December with the heaviest bloom in the summer months of June through August, providing bloom for at least 10 months of the year. This rose first appeared as a seedling in the garden of Ruth Knopf, the prominent conservator of tea and noisettes in the Carolinas and the 2011 Great Rosarian of the World honoree. A mature plant will spread to 2½-feet across; the foliage tends toward a light-green matte. 'Snowbelt' concentrates its heaviest bloom from May through August although it does provide scattered but slight bloom in the fall months. The sprays range from very small to fairly large, featuring white 1-inch flowers, with an occasional touch of very palepink, on a bush with medium-green foliage ranging up to 4-feet in height and approximately 2- to 3-feet in
photo courtesy Jerri Jennings
photo courtesy Cliff Orent
'Lady Ann Kidwell' and 'Marie Daly' group and polyanthas bred in the first quarter century of polyantha history from 1875 to 1900. Another is descended from 'The Fairy', two have unidentified parents ('Karine' and 'Strawrose') and 'Little White Pet' is a dwarf sport of the hybrid sempervirens, 'Félicité et Perpétue'. Surprisingly, there seems to be very little influence of the 'Crimson Rambler' or Koster line of polyanthas at this level of productivity. 'Karine' is a 3-foot tall bush with significant repeat bloom of small blush pink flowers with yellow stamens in peach tones that form large and small sprays of up
width. Larger plants of this rose occur as the plant matures. The rose was produced as a cross of 'Katharina Zeimet' with an unnamed miniature by Paul Jerabek — possibly a Ralph Moore miniature. Freedom Gardens introduced this rose in 1998. The rose first appeared under the name 'Cassie' when introduced by Heirloom Old Garden Roses to honor one of the victims of the Columbine slayings in Colorado in 2000. As an unnamed white polyantha this rose won a Silver Medal in the ARS trial grounds in 1997. 'Lady Ann Kidwell' descends from the 'Mlle Cécile
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Name of Rose
Year of Introduction
'Karine' 1992 'Snowbelt' 1997 'Lady Ann Kidwell' 1948 'Marie Daly' 1999 'Stawrose' 1998 'Marshmallow Fluff' 2007 'Little White Pet' 1879 'Marie Pavie' 1888 'Yesterday' 1974 'Fairy Dance' 1980 Brünner’ line of roses. Alfred Krebs introduced this rose via Marsh’s Nursery in Glendale, CA, in 1948, naming it after a patron of his efforts to immigrate to the United States from Switzerland, adding the title 'Lady' as a mark of respect. The rose produces candelabra sprays of deep-pink or light-red, elegantly long buds that open to a double reflexive quill form. The sprays soar high above the rather sparse foliage with a fair amount of space between each bloom. The flowers are inclined to nod rather than stand erect, which can make this a difficult rose to exhibit although the effect in the garden is charming as opposed to obsequious. The rose is variously described as being from 3- to 5-feet tall and just as wide. However, a long-standing or mature plant can cover the entire height of a garage wall and will expand to half the size again if not pruned over the years. The rose produces more numerous sprays as the size of the plant increases over time. The rose was one of a series of crosses with ‘Mlle Cécile Brünner' that Krebs used in his breeding program; the seedling pollen plant was unidentified. 'Lady Ann Kidwell' will bloom more than 10 months of the year being least visible in January and February, while the maximum bloom appears in June and July. 'Marie Daly' sported from 'Marie Pavié' more than a hundred years after the first introduction of the latter. The double, pink blooms occur in sprays of average size on a virtually thornless bush that is 3- to 4-feet tall and as wide. The buds are not as elongated as those of 'Lady Ann Kidwell', but they are noticeably pointed and evident. The bush is extremely vigorous in that it is highly resistant to disease and was among the first roses designated by Texas A & M as an Earth-Kind rose capable of surviving the brutal Texas climate with mini-
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Number of Blooms
Breeder
3723 1251 821 624 605 481 448 441 417 409 *Antique Rose Emporium
Knopf Jerebek Krebs ARE* Schneider Bagnasco Henderson Alegatiere Harkness Harkness
mal care, feeding or watering over a five year period. The rose emits a musk fragrance, consistent with its parentage. The rose prefers full sun and is not really a candidate for a shady spot in the garden. Blooms appear roughly nine months throughout the course of a year, but the heaviest bloom occurs in the period running from May through July. 'Strawrose' is a rose for neither the exhibitor nor the general gardener despite the heavy bloom pattern. The flowers rarely open all the way and the bud holding pattern can be considerable. It is primarily offered as a rose suitable for the arranger with its resemblance to strawflowers for which it is named. Seeds given to Susan Schneider by Pete Zimmerman, a former District Director of the Buckeye District, were the genesis of the rose. The blooms are dark-red, in sprays of five to 15 or more flowers, some nested in small, dark-green foliage while others soar above the plant, which seldom reaches a height of more than 2-feet tall with a similar width. The rose is disease free in my garden and blooms primarily in May and June, although sporadic blooms appear at odd intervals throughout the year. 'Marshmallow Fluff' is named for a New England confection that dates back to the post World War I era. The principle ingredient seems to be sugar combined in such a way as to resemble a crème candy. The blooms of the rose have the same white appearance and the illusion of a viscous surface that mimics the confection. The blooms are very double and appear in small sprays over a long period of time. Although the rose produces blooms eight months out of the year, the heaviest bloom production occurs from March through July. Thereafter there is intermittent bloom until the November through February period. The
rose is a cross of 'Gourmet Popcorn' and 'Marie Pavié'. 'Gourmet Popcorn' is a sport of 'Popcorn', a Dennison Morey miniature with roots in both the Koster line of roses as well as the 'Crimson Rambler' branch of polyanthas. It is one of a half dozen Bagnasco polyanthas combining old tea poly roses with modern miniatures to produce a line of heavy blooming and striking new cultivars. 'White Pet' is the first American polyantha, discovered by Peter Henderson in 1879, as a dwarf sport or seedling of the hybrid sempervirens 'Félicité et Perpétue'. The plant is especially resistant to mildew and features a symmetrically shaped short bush with dozens and dozens of creamy-white rosettes closely packed in sprays numbering up to 50 or more. The rose is popular on the show table and is the most likely of the heavy blooming roses to be in an exhibitor’s garden. Howev-
roses, able to withstand a fierce southern climate with minimal loss of vigor and strong recuperative powers. The first buds reveal a soft-pink cast and open to white blooms with prominent golden stamens on a bush that may rise to 4-feet tall and half again as wide. The rose is widely recommended as appropriate for shade conditions. 'Yesterday' represents an unusual and mostly unknown cross of ('Phyllis Bide' x 'Shepherd’s Delight') X 'Ballerina'. 'Ballerina' is a hybrid musk rose of unknown parentage. 'Phyllis Bide' is an unusual cross of
Opposite Page: Top 10 chart. This Page: 'Yesterday' and 'Marie Pavie'
photos courtesy Cliff Orent
er, the bloom is concentrated in the spring months of April and May with lesser amounts of bloom appearing until November; the rose then goes dormant until the spring show season. 'Marie Pavié' is an 1888 rose of unknown origins by Alphonse Allegatiere with a mild fragrance and white blooms of about 2-inches across in sprays of up to 30 or more. The bush is virtually thornless, like many of the early poly teas and maintains a reasonable degree of disease resistance. Like its sport, 'Marie Daly', 'Marie Pavié' has been designated as one of the Earth-Kind
a Koster sport with one of the Crimson Rambler family. Jack Harkness named this rose for its unusual oldfashioned look of medium-pink, 1½-inch blooms with a strong overcast of violet on large trusses in the middle of small, glossy foliage. The form is rosette but with only 13 petals, half-way between being a single and a double. The 2- to 3-foot height of the plant is said to be equal to its width, but the rosette pattern of growth favors the development of a mounding shrub with long arching but thorny canes. 'Yesterday' tends to be most prolific in spring and early summer, tapering off to sig-
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nificantly fewer blooms in the fall and winter. This rose was used in the Harkness breeding program, crossing it with 'The Fairy'. This cross yielded some 10 roses entered into commerce in the 1979-1980 seasons, although only a few are still commercially available. 'Fairy Dance' is one of the crosses of 'Yesterday' with 'The Fairy' and certainly the most prolific with bloom. The medium-red, double form blooms appear closely nested into large sprays with no space unused at the end of long arching canes and later along the canes as well. The rose is sited in medium-green foliage that is highly disease resistant. While general sources indicate that the rose will grow to be 2-feet and just as wide, in southern California, the canes can arch out more than 2-feet and rest upon other rose canes or even into low growing trees. 'Fairy Dance' will bloom from June through November, with the greatest number of blooms appearing in August and September.
Polyanthas in the 1930s: The Fey Decade
O
ne of the meanings of the term ‘fey’ expresses a sense of an effulgent display indicative of imminent death or demise. Certainly in the decade of the 30s, polyanthas were produced in numbers that would belie their later insignificance. Almost 240 varieties were registered as polyanthas in the years 1929 to 1939 in American Rose Annuals of the time, even though nearly 70 of them would later be re-classified as floribundas in the separation of hybrid polyanthas from more traditional polyanthas. The 240 registrations of polyanthas comprise a figure higher than all of the rest of the polyanthas registered in the succeeding decades of the 20th century. And the apparent health of the classification would belie a coming near death experience in the triumph of the floribundas as a separate and distinct taxonomic and popular classification. One indication of the tenor of the times can be surmised from the percentage of polyanthas mentioned in the Proof of the Pudding (POP) compared with the later named floribundas. Whereas only 11.9 percent of the polyanthas were mentioned or cited in the POPs from 1930-1940, over 50 percent of the future floribundas were cited. Another indicator of vigor was the fact that of the polyanthas introduced in the decade the parentage of 88 was unknown, but 31 were
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the product of hybridizing activity involving crosses whereas 49 were sports of roses already on the market. Among the floribundas the relevant figures were nine unknowns, 39 crosses and just 31 sports (mostly of the early Poulsen and Lafayette). So, both the interest of committed rose growers, who might be likely to respond to the POP opportunity as well as the interest of hybridizers in creating new roses seemed to tilt toward the floribunda group. It is relevant here to note that the membership of the American Rose Society during the decade of the 30s was shifting from mainly plantsmen to a more populist base of amateur enthusiasts. One reason for this disparity might be that the polyantha roses developed from the 'Mme Norbert Levavasseur' and 'Orléans Rose' had pretty much peaked after two decades of development. The line of sports from these roses had produced salmon colored roses in the 1920s and at the end of that decade culminated in an orange strain with the sports of 'Gloria Mundi' and 'Paul Crampel' from 'Superba'. It was in reference to this particular strain or ‘family’ of polyanthas that J. Horace McFarland, editor of the 1933 American Rose Annual, declared: It is apparent that the old type of Polyantha must be discarded before any large popularity can be achieved for them as a class. One might safely predict that all the many small-flowered variations of 'Baby Rambler' and 'Orléans Rose', regardless of color, are foredoomed. A summary of the polyanthas considered and ranked in the POP from 1926 through 1941, which appeared in the 1942 American Rose Annual, revealed that, as might be expected, only a small percentage of the roses reviewed included polyanthas. Then as now polyanthas suffered from the ignominy of being valued for their uses rather than in and of themselves. Robert Pyle, in a 1934 American Rose Annual article, noted that many people were disappointed when 'Permanent Wave', a hybrid polyantha, won the highest awards at Bagatelle and Paris, because only hybrid teas deserved to be the recipients of such awards. In the 1942 Summary of POPs, roses that did not appear for more than two consecutive years and those receiving less than eight reports were eliminated from consideration. Of the 267 roses then rated, only 9 percent were combined polyanthas and hybrid polyanthas; only eight roses currently ranked as polyanthas
'Orléans Rose' were rated, 3 percent of the total. 'Martha Lambert', 'Orange Triumph', 'Sunshine' and 'Topaz' were in the top tier with 75 percent of the reports favorable; 'Gloria Mundi' and 'Margy' were rated as ‘fair to good; 'Golden Salmon' and 'Climbing Gloria Mundi' (variously 'Prinses van Oranje, Climbing', 'Princess van Orange'), garnered ‘fair to poor’ status. All but 'Margy' remain in commerce. Among the hybrid polyanthas manqué, 11 remain in commerce as well. It might be thought that the polyanthas reported in the various POPs and American Rose Annuals were not readily available. However, a 1937 Bobbink and Atkins catalog reveals that a total of 84 polyanthas (and hybrid polyanthas) were listed for sale; 23 of the 84 were subsequently re-classified as floribundas. One of the earliest issues of American Rose in March of 1933 noted the sources for roses listed in the POP. Of the 19 polyanthas, six were listed as ‘generally available,’ and another seven were listed with two or more na-
photo courtesy Cliff Orent
tional nurseries. Indeed, one of the roses, 'Mrs Dudley Fulton', occasioned comment in three successive POPs although it did not qualify for ranking because of fewer than eight reviews. The rose was only available at Armstrong Nurseries, based in California. Most highly rated polyanthas of the period were crosses involving other genetic introductions rather than sports out of the 'Orléans Rose' line of development. Of the polyanthas introduced in the 30s and not reviewed in the POP, 64 percent were sports of other polyanthas (of the roses where the parentage is known). Twenty-seven were from the 'Orléans Rose' line of development, including eight direct sports of 'Gloria Mundi', as well as six roses from the Koster line and eight others from unknown or different sources of sports. More significant is that the sports represent the polar extreme to crosses; the experienced and knowledgeable members of the American Rose Society who participated in the POP over the decade were not in-
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terested in describing or growing most sports to any great extent or at least not interested enough to vouch an opinion if they were growing them. The POP Polyanthas: Although 20 polyanthas were mentioned in the Proof of the Pudding during the 30s, only eight were mentioned frequently enough to warrant ranking in the 1942 survey of the first decade and a half of ratings. Four of them received 75 percent approval ratings and were grouped as ‘approved.’ The ‘Approved’ Roses: 'Martha Lambert' was a cross of 'Frans Leddy', a sport of a sport of 'Miss Edith Cavell', a sport itself of 'Orléans Rose', and 'Paul’s Scarlet Climber', a rose with both R. multiflora and noisette influences. Although the Modern Roses 12 database indicates a date of 1939, the citations in the 1937 American Rose Annual as a “New Rose of the World” indicates that a date of 1936 for introduction might be more realistic. The breeder was Peter Lambert. Lambert had already introduced several polyanthas, including 'Léonie Lamesch', 'Katharina Zeimet', 'Schneewittchen' and 'Tip-Top', in the course of a long and distinguished career. 'Martha Lambert' featured small, single scarlet blooms with a yellow eye in clusters of up to 70, with dark-green, glossy foliage on a bush advertised as growing up to 3-feet. In fact, the commentary in the POP indicated that the rose grew up to 6- to 8-feet tall with a propensity to bloom until November in the Midwest. McFarland commented that the rose was greatly appreciated at his garden at Breeze Hill, although it was clearly too large to be a polyantha. In a later note (1942) he advised that it needed ‘lots of room.’ The only negative comment came from Arkansas, where a reporter dismissed the rose because of mildew and rust. Certainly the rose seems atypical of polyanthas of the 1930s given the height of the plant. Despite the
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'Orange Triumph'
photo courtesy Cliff Orent
interesting parentage, the rose has proved to be a botanical dead end, with no known descendants. From the very beginning, the color of 'Orange Triumph' has provided difficulties for those reviewing it; however, the color issue did not prevent it from becoming one of the most popular garden roses of its time. It was widely planted in post World War II veterans’ cemeteries and two decades after its debut, it was still being recommended by Australian rose societies as one of the best garden polyanthas. Wilhelm Kordes issued this cross between a hybrid musk, 'Eva', with 'Miss Edith Cavell' in its background, and a hybrid wichurana, 'Solarium'. Although Kordes, who wrote a letter/column for American Rose Annual for more than 20 years prior to World War II, explained that this rose provided orange color when grown on R. canina understock and orange-red color when grafted to R. multiflora, this did not deter American commentators from calling the rose ‘misnamed.’ Roy Hennessey of Oregon thought the rose had a great future if it could live down the onus of being wrongly named. Even McFarland, who presumably read his own American Rose Annual, called the rose ‘wrongly named,’ and asserted that one had to imagine the orange because the rose in fact was a dull-brick red, although that deficiency
'Sunshine'
was offset by the fact that there were lots of flowers. Other American commentators noted that the color seemed coral rather than orange or red. As was usual with newer colors in the 30s, commentators frequently indicated their dismay at the actual color; a New York reporter in the 1940 POP noted that he “did not care for the color itself.” The small, semi-double, cupped blooms appear amid dark-green, glossy foliage on a plant that seldom rises more than 2-feet tall. Included among the virtues of the plant is the ability of the blooms to last a long time, either on the bush or in a vase. And the blooms of up to 50 in clusters tend to bloom at the same time rather than the usual combination of fresh and blackened stamens. The constant bloom associated with the rose was greatly appreciated by the commentators of the POP. 'Orange Triumph' has 35 direct descendants; more than two-thirds of them are crosses with other
photo courtesy Jeri Jennings
roses as opposed to sports. Marcel Robichon is credited with 'Sunshine', a cross of a polyantha, 'George Elger' and a noisette, 'William Allen Richardson'. The small compact plant produces small clusters of double, formless blooms that mutate from an orange-red-gold, in the bud, to a bright sunny-yellow which changes to lemon then to white all in the course of a day or two. The rose does not have a reputation for being vigorous, although it is not clear whether this is a function of its small size or decreased vigor after a half dozen years. In any event, the rose and blooms profit by being grafted to 'Pink Cloud' in standard form, with the size of the clusters and foliage easily doubling. McFarland himself lamented in the 1934 American Rose Annual that “no one has reported on this charming Polyantha.” He lauded the rose as the best yellow of its kind ever grown at Breeze Hill and that the plant
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was decidedly worth having “if you like Polyanthas.” The only drawback noted was the quick fade of the blooms, especially in hot weather. Again, the disadvantage was more than compensated by the extraordinary colors displayed in the opening of the bud to full bloom. Had there not been action by plantsman Kim Rupert to propagate the rose in the 1980s it is reasonable that assume that the rose would have disappeared in the United States. The distribution of the cuttings to Sequoia, Vintage and other nurseries helped to ensure the survival of the rose on this continent. This rose has not been widely used in breeding as only two first generation cultivars are attributed to it. 'Topaz' — a most unlikely polyantha by Matthias Tantau is a cross of 'Johanna Tantau' with a seedling of 'Professor Gnau' and 'Julien Potin'. There is not a trace of a polyantha or R. multiflora in any of the parents and the parentage is attested to in Plant Patent No. 300. The plant grows to a little over 12-inches in height, and presents 3-inch light-yellow blooms that recurve and quill as they open to a stellate pattern. POP commentators generally greeted it with praise as a “little jewel” of a rose with an abundance of bloom. Many noted that the blooms could be used as boutonnieres. Particularly favorable was the response to its quilled and stellate character. McFarland greeted it as “what a Polyantha should be.” At Breeze Hill it served as an edging plant around beds of hybrid tea roses. After five years McFarland concluded that it was “very much worth while“ despite its tendency to fade, lack of vigor and blackspot. No descendants have been attributed to this rose and the patent noted that the plant was sterile with its own pollen. Fair to Good Ratings: 'Gloria Mundi', a 1929 de Ruiter rose, was a sport of 'Superba', which in turn was either a sport or a seedling of 'Orléans Rose'; this orange or vermillion strain of the 'Orléans Rose' became the bête noire of the McFarland catechism. In its consideration by POP commentators there were two strikes against it in the first place. The first difficulty was with the color. Walter Merrill of California reported that the difficult tangerine color “makes a harsh note among other flowers.” Burton Proctor of Maryland reported that in July his plants were covered “with violent orange scarlet flowers which seemed to hurt his eyes.” Gold and Silver
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Medals in Holland and the United Kingdom did not influence McFarland’s assessment that there was nothing in the rose to admire: “The color is harsh and ugly at its best.” Other reports concerning the fine blooming qualities and ease of propagation saved the rose from complete denigration. The other factor that may have played a part in the denunciation of the rose related to its status as a sport. In an article on European hybridizers in the 1935 American Rose Annual, Dr. J. H. Nicolas savaged European hybridizers as unworthy of the title hybridizers. He distinguished between hybridizing and breeding by saying that hybridizing consisted of research and exploration into new pathways in which a true innovation would be achieved (like that of Pernet-Ducher in introducing the R. foetida roses) while in contrast breeding was basically the utilization of the work of others to produce mere novelties by seed sowers. Slightly lower on the scale would be the work of garnishing sports. His characterization of this can be illustrated by his remarks on Dutch breeders: “In Holland there are several seed sowers but no hybridizers.” He noted that de Ruiter had an “uncanny knack” for discovering and developing sports. In the same article he asserted that originally a semi-double sport of 'Superba' was intended to be called 'Gloria Mundi', but that the entire stock was sold to another nurseryman (Kersbergen, presumably) when a double sport was detected. The flowers are double, orange-scarlet and borne in medium sized clusters on small bushes with lightgreen, glossy foliage. Of the 24 first generation descendants of this rose, half are sports and the other half are crosses. Despite the reservations of McFarland and others, the rose became extremely popular and is still available in over a half dozen online nurseries. 'Margy' is another fair to good rose that came from Hubert Sauvageot in 1936. Allegedly a sibling of 'Dance of Joy', the rose cast a brilliant red color in a semi-double bloom with a moderate spicy fragrance. While the initial reports were encouraging with Stockton of California opining that the rose “was the finest large polyantha I have seen, free of disease and always in bloom,” it possessed a “brilliant” fadeless color. The fine qualities of color and ability to be long lasting as a cut flower were offset by the stinginess of bloom. The exception to these reports were the opinions offered from the West Coast where Hennessey advised close planting of the rose to overcome their small stature.
'Margo Koster' McFarland advised that there were simply not enough flowers to justify the presence of the rose in the garden. The rose had two direct descendants, both crosses by Carl Deuhrsen of Montebello, CA, in the early 1950s. Fair to Poor Ratings: 'Gloria Mundi, Climbing' known variously as 'Gloria Mundi, Climbing', 'Prinses van Oranje', and/or 'Princess van Orange' suffered from the same handicap of a dislike of the color on the part of many commentators, plus a bad reputation for not providing recurrent bloom in many different climes. Reports in Arkansas, Utah and Massachusetts indicated no repeat bloom, although reports from Texas and the West Coast were more encouraging. There was a suggestion that the rose was ill-suited to hot and dry climates. Although there are three climbing sports of 'Gloria Mundi' indicated, commentary by Nicholas strongly suggests that the de Ruiter 1933 version is the one under consider-
photo courtesy Cliff Orent
ation in the POPs of the mid-1930s. There are no recorded descendants of this rose although there is one nursery in the Czech Republic which reportedly carries this particular rose. 'Golden Salmon' is a sport in the orange blend color palette earlier in time than 'Gloria Mundi' from 'Superba'. McFarland rejected the rose for its ugly slaty-blue-purple fade, which was exceedingly painful to look at. He also noted that 'Gloria Mundi' was supposed to be much better, if “anyone likes that sort of thing.” The rose has nine first generation descendants, with four of them being sports. The Rest of the POP Roses: Of the other dozen roses considered in the POPs of the 30s, a dozen receive only scant or passing commentary. Thus 'Adora', a rose-pink fragrant rose from Beckwith in 1936, is dismissed by Hennessey because it mildewed too badly. 'Kees Knoppers' a 1930 white sport of 'Mevrouw Nathalie Nypels' from Leenders, was only considered by the Ontario Agricultural Col-
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lege and urged for consideration by commercial florists. 'Mary Guthrie', an Alister Clark 1929, pink fragrant poly, was praised by Hennessey as the most outstanding rose of its kind because the large plants were blanketed with a veritable sheet of bright-pink unfading flowers. 'Mary McHutchin' a climbing polyantha of some 6- to 8-feet with crimson cupped blooms from B.R. Cant, was highly recommended by Hennessey for its tremendous trusses despite its slight repeat. 'Mrs Pat', a pink flower from Lilley in 1928, had a tendency to fade and was otherwise quite “ordinary,” according to Mrs. Foote of Massachusetts. 'Paris', a 1929 de Ruiter offering with bright-red flowers, both faded and blued. 'Scarlet Button', another in the interminable line of orange-red sports from 'Orléans Rose' sports, elicited the comment that it was so much like a good many other polyanthas that the writer couldn’t tell one from another. 'Sheelagh Baird', a 1934 vividpink from Cant, was recommended for garden rockeries by Fred Edmunds of Oregon because of its prostrate growth, but received no attention whatsoever from other commentators. 'Sparkler', a red sport of 'Golden Salmon', received a boost from a Texas correspondent who praised it as having the best flowers of the red polyanthas.'Cameo' received several positive recommendations but was damned with faint praise because it was the least obtrusive of the salmon or orange colored roses and much easier to handle in the garden than 'Paul Crampel' or 'Gloria Mundi'.'Paul Crampel' was compared to 'Gloria Mundi' and found to be more or less as harsh in its color tones. Others regarded it as the most vivid orange. 'Rouge', a mid-30s introduction from Verschuren with scarlet-crimson blooms on a low growing plant seemed to evoke comments that indicated a preference for some other polyantha like 'Cameo' or 'Feuerschein'.
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'The Fairy’
photo courtesy Cliff Orent
The Ignored 148: The great majority of these roses simply made an appearance on the historical stage of the 30s and disappeared. Some two dozen remain in commerce, although most do so in the half-life of one or two nurseries maintaining their presence in the commercial lists. A half-dozen remain in commerce in more than a halfdozen nurseries world wide, including 'Baby Alberic', 'Britannia', 'Dick Koster', 'Fireglow', 'Gabrielle Privat' and 'Jean Mermoz'. But there are two roses whose absence from the 30s POPS are hard to explain: 'Margo Koster' and 'The Fairy'. Margo Koster and The Fairy: Late to the Party. Two enduringly popular polyanthas bred and intro-
duced in the 1930s were not mentioned in the POPs of the time: 'Margo Koster' and 'The Fairy'. They do appear in the POPs of the 1940s, starting in 1943 for a five year run. In both cases the sentiments expressed are exceptionally laudatory. In the case of the 'The Fairy', they border on the adulatory. One explanation for the late appearance of the two roses is that the influx of roses from Europe stopped dead as a result of World War II. Not only were rose resources converted to other uses as in the case of the British and German hybridizers, but the roses were simply not available as in the case of the Dutch and French. 'Margo Koster' is a salmon colored sport of 'Dick Koster' and was originally introduced into the United States in the 1937 American Rose Annual although the rose was discovered and isolated in 1931. The flowers are small, bowl-shaped, borne in medium-sized clusters and respond to cool weather with more intense coloration. Jackson & Perkins featured this rose in the Parade of Roses associated with the World’s Fair of 1939. POP commentators lavished praise on this rose declaring it to be one of the best polyanthas, a “personal favorite”, “a little gem”, “adorable”, a “treasure that really deserves some advertising” and one of the few roses capable of generating excitement. In addition to its generous bloom and unusual color, the sprays will last as long as eight days in the vase or on the bush without significant deterioration. It is probably one of the most popular of the Koster line of roses. The rose has produced one seedling and eight sports. 'The Fairy' is simply the most popular and enduring polyantha in the world. It is sold in over half of the nurseries listed in the Combined Rose List. The parentage is somewhat in dispute. The conventional wisdom indicates that the rose was bred by Ann Bentall from a cross of 'Paul Crampel' and the wichuriana rambler, 'Lady Gay'. A minority of opinion holds it to be a sport of 'Lady Godiva'. In either case the R. wichurana influence would account for the glossy foliage, disease resistance and bloom characteristics. Commentators in the POPs lavished praise on the continuous bloom, the freedom from disease and the long lasting qualities of the bloom, cut or on the bush. In fact, there was almost unanimity of opinion about its virtues, with the exception of Judith Packard of Los Angeles, who thought it should be tossed in the incinerator compared to 'Margo Koster'. However, for most rosarians, aside from the tendency of the blooms to fade to white in the high summer heat and the damage from the insidious prick-
les concealed in the mid-rib under foliage, the rose has few detractors. Equally odd is the length of time it took for this rose to be used in breeding. The first cross with 'The Fairy' did not occur until 1960, some 30 years after its breeding and a more than a quarter century after its introduction into this country. Subsequently, Jack Harkness issued a series of polyanthas based on a cross of 'The Fairy' and 'Yesterday'. In recent decades Poulsen, Kordes and Meilland have based a number of shrub and ground cover roses on crosses of 'The Fairy' and unnamed seedlings. McFarland and Polyanthas: J. Horace McFarland, long time (1916 to 1943) editor of the American Rose Annual as well as the President of the American Rose Society at the beginning of the decade, was well acquainted with early polyanthas. He particularly liked 'Paquerette' as a youth because he sold rooted cuttings from the roses in his father’s garden and 'Paquerette' was easy to root. He was also aware of the fact that the first really popular polyantha was 'Mme Norbert Levavasseur', sold under the ‘silly’ name of 'Baby Rambler'. In the 1928 American Rose Annual, a report on the “preferred dozen” roses in various classes indicated that the most popular polyantha roses were: '(Mlle) Cécil(e) Brünner', 'Lafayette', '(Miss) Edith Cavell', 'Orléans (Rose)', 'Baby Doll' ('TipTop'), 'Chatillon Rose' and 'Éblouissant'. 'Mlle Cécile Brünner', in particular, was mentioned frequently in the 1920s American Rose Annuals as a rose favorite, particularly among southern and southwestern correspondents. McFarland lived at Breeze Hill, near Harrisburg, PA, where his collection included more than 3,000 plants of nearly 800 different varieties. Of these 42 were polyanthas, according to a 1932 report by R. Marian Hattan. McFarland himself allowed as how he preferred climbing roses, especially “door roses.” However, the polyanthas he recommended tended to be more muted in color than the polyanthas being offered in the 1930s. In a 1930 radio address he suggested polyanthas such as 'La Marne', 'Chatillon', 'Lafayette', 'Ideal' and 'Gruss an Aachen'. Over the course of the decade of the 30s, McFarland rated some two dozen polyanthas and nascent floribundas. Of the floribundas to be, he ranked about half favorably and half unfavorably. With the polyanthas, he ranked twice as many favorably as unfavorably,
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 67
although his attitude toward the polyanthas of the day were shaped by his aversion to the colors being presented as well as to the fading, blueing and other characteristics of polyanthas. He once referred to the blooms of polyanthas as “puckered monstrosities.” It is more than possible that some of McFarland’s hostility to polyanthas was no more than the natural crankiness that comes to a septuagenarian. He once referred to the original title of 'Permanent Wave' ('Mevrouw Van Straaten Van Nes') as an “inexcusable Dutch name.” And on another occasion expressed the hope that Poulsen would soon run out of family names and give his roses names that could be distinguished as “Two Poulsens are plenty.” His 1935 POP review of 'Little Beauty' declared “At Breeze Hill, we admired its durability without caring very much whether it endured or not.” Conclusion: Certainly McFarland was right about the exhaustion of the possibilities of the 'Orléans Rose' and its sports. The later roses lost their color appeal as they increasingly acquired or displayed more disease susceptibility. Nor did the Koster line offer any significant possibilities for breakthrough. The successful polyanthas of the 30s largely display an aptitude for expanding the genetic palette through inclusion of R. wichurana, noisette and hybrid musk influences. Through a fluke of fate, the most innovative of the thirties polyanthas, 'The Fairy', did not come into the breeding game until the polyantha class itself had fallen into disuse if not disgrace. Latter day sports of 'The Fairy' were registered as ‘shrubs’ rather than as polyanthas even though that category as taxonomically descriptive is barely one step above ‘bush.’ The healthy numbers of roses being introduced as polyanthas in the 30s concealed both the inventive energy being shifted to the nascent floribundas and away from traditional polyantha of a dwarf mien. Some of this ingenuity would eventually find expression in the rise of the miniatures as a significant class. In his last pre-war letter to McFarland and the American Rose Annual, Wilhelm J. H. Kordes wrote, “We are having war again in Europe, and whatever may result of it, it will leave all of us the poorer and will be a great harm to the cause of the rose.” He perfectly expressed the notion of the polyanthas as part of the collateral damage arising out of World War II as power and leadership in the rose world shifted away from Europe, for a while, but permanently away from polyanthas. 68 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Remembering
Jim Delahanty 1935-2013
by Cliff Orent
photo courtesy Delahanty Family
“The strength of a man’s virtue should not be measured by his special exertions, but by his habitual acts.“ ~Blaise Pascal, Pensées, 1670 It was with tremendous sadness that we learned that Jim Delahanty of Sherman Oaks, CA, devoted husband and family member, humanitarian, educator, scholar and dear friend had passed away in his sleep on July 26 at the age of 77. Although he had been in declining health, none of us could imagine a time when Jim would not be with us, and in Jim’s inimitable style that we had come to know and love, he continued to be fully engaged in life right up until the end. He gave generously of his time to many organizations, and most notably was a stalwart leader of the Ventura County Rose Society, serving in various capacities over the years, including President and Editor of its awardwinning newsletter. He was the driving force behind the creation of the Ventura County Rose Society’s Annual Rose Auction, which has served as a model for other rose societies’ auctions, and he received an ARS Award of Merit for the 2009 Rose Auction Catalog, one of many such awards he received over the years. Jim was the recipient of the VCRS Bronze Medal in 2002 and recently, at the Pacific Southwest District Rose Convention in May, 2013, he was recognized as the District’s Outstanding Consulting Rosarian.
side in Sherman Oaks, CA. Although he grew a wide range of roses from hybrid teas, floribundas and miniatures to a variety of Old Garden Roses, his first love was polyanthas, for which he was best known and which earned him the nickname “Father Polyantha.” It’s doubtful that anyone had a broader or deeper knowledge of this class of roses than Jim, though he was always quick to engage even the novice rose grower in conversation about these treasures, making each and every newcomer feel that he or she was his equal, one of Jim’s many exceptional traits. He was a much sought after lecturer on many aspects of roses (particularly polyanthas) and a prolific writer of thought provoking articles, which appeared frequently in local, national and international publications. When the Scottish poet Robert Burns first penned the phrase “a gentleman and a scholar” back in the 1700s, it was as if he knew Jim Delahanty and wrote these words to describe him, for Jim was indeed one of the most shining examples of both. May you indeed rest in Peace, dear friend. Visit our website for the full length tribute to Jim. It can be found along with the Jan/Feb Clippings under Articles on Roses — accessible on the Resources page. photo courtesy Pacific Rose Society Archives
Jim and Jane Delahanty
Whenever I received a request from Jim to have a look at an article he had written before it was submitted, I knew to have my dictionary handy, for not only was his command of the English language exceptional, but his vocabulary was as well and he had a penchant for using words (and using them correctly!) that were totally unfamiliar to most, including me. Jim started growing roses in 1975 and at its peak maintained a garden of roughly 500 roses on a terraced hill-
JANUARY/FEBRUARY 69 JANUARY/FEBRUARY || 2014 2014 69
American Rose Society
Prepared by Pat Shanley & Gene Waering
2014 Nursery Guide
ARS Marketing Committee gwaering@gmail.com
T
his is the ninth annual installment of the nursery guide, which first appeared in American Rose in 2006. The 2014 Nursery Guide contains about the same number of nurseries as the 2013 Guide (perhaps one less). Unfortunately, Vintage Gardens in Sebastopol, CA, the boutique rose nursery with the largest number of rose varieties (over 3,000), closed (as it had announced it would be doing last year) in the summer of 2013. Another nursery also closed – Antique Garden Roses in St. Martinsville, LA. Wells Mid-South Roses continues under a new name: For the Love of Roses, LLC. NEWS: American Garden Roses Selections, AGRS, the program that replaced AARS last year, begins its second year with 13 gardens testing nationally. With continued good support, this program promises to deliver regional sustainable roses that can be grown with little chemical intervention in the next couple of years. As I mentioned last year, AGRS embodies a protocol that is modeled on the successful European ADR program, which seeks to balance sustainability and marketability for new rose introductions. The purpose of the organization is to recognize and recommend the best garden worthy rose varieties for the various regions of the U.S. through testing and to provide objective and reliable information to the general public. SOME BASICS: The guide is modeled on the popular Art in America Annual Guide to Galleries, which is to say we editors try to include all bonafide U.S. rose nurseries in the listing — and selected Canadian nurseries as well — excluding local garden centers for the most part. Nurseries that advertise in American Rose are recognized by having their listing in boldface. Nurseries that offer discounts to ARS members through the members benefit program are also recognized by having their names appear in capital letters. The listing itself is free to all rose nurseries and part of ARS service to both the rose nurseries and our members. ANGEL GARDENS P.O. Box 1106 Alachua, FL 32616
400+ vars. Free 64-page color cat. (Color) Guide:
352-359-1133
gardenan-
$15. Mail orders/Retail/Wholesale. Visiting: Display
gel22@gmail.com Own-Root, Organically Grown, Old
garden is open year-round (phone during holidays)-
Garden Roses (Teas, Chinas, Noisettes, Bourbons,
-(Independence, TX): 10,000 (FM) 50, Brenham, TX
Polyanthas, HPs, Earth-Kind), Modern shrubs, climbers,
77833, (979-836-5548), Mon-Sat 9am-5:30pm, Sun
miniatures, Buck, Austin, Weeks roses, Rare Imports,
11:30am-5:30pm.
www.angelgardens.com
Specializing in roses for warm climates 1500 + varieties, Catalog on line, order year round qts. and gallons
Armstrong Garden Centers Inc. 2200 East Route 66,
10% DISCOUNT AVAILABLE TO ARS MEMBERS
Suite 200 Glendora, CA 91740 626-914-1091 www. armstronggarden.com
info@armstronggarden.com
Antique Rose Emporium 9300 Lueckmeyer Road
Grafted. Modern, Heritage & Landscape. Pickup in
Brenham, TX 77833 800-441-0002 www.antiquero-
many locations in Southern California & the Bay area.
seemporium.com Roses@weAreroses.com Own-root
No mail orders.
(2 gallon). Antique, Rare, Texas Pioneer, Earth-Kind. 70 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Bay Laurel Nursery 2500 El Camino Real Atascadero,
DAVID AUSTIN ROSES LTD. 15059 Highway 64 West
California 93422 800-847-6473 www.baylaurelnursery.
Tyler, TX 75704 800-328-8893 www.davidaustinroses.
com baylaurelnursery@gmail.com Bareroot. Modern,
com/american US@davidaustinroses.com 180 vars.
Miniature, Romantica. 100+ vars. Website shop. Mail
Grafted and own-root. Austin, Antique, Climbers &
orders welcome.
Modern. Free 120-page color cat. 10% DISCOUNT WITH PROOF OF ARS MEMBERSHIP.
Burlington Rose Nursery 24865 Rd 164 Visalia, CA 93292 559-747-3624 www.burlingtonroses.com Burl-
Der Rosenmeister 190 Seven Mile Drive Ithaca, NY
ingtonRoses@aol.com Own-root bushes. Budded tree
14850
roses. Miniature, Heritage and Modern. Custom prop-
Facebook. Own-root & grafted/budded. Specializing
agation available. Pick-up by appointment. Mail orders
in cold hardy climbers and ramblers. 300 vars. incl. 15
welcome.
Geschwind vars. No mail order. Please phone before
607-351-1336.
www.derrosenmeister.com
visiting nursery/home. CHAMBLEE’S ROSE NURSERY 10926 US Hwy. 69 North Tyler, TX 75706-5933 1-800-256-7673. www.
Edmunds' Roses 335 South High Street Randolph, WI
chambleeroses.com roses@chambleeroses.com Own-
53956 888-481-7673 www.edmundsroses.com ques-
root. Modern, Antique, Austin, Buck, Kordes® &
tions@edmundsroses.com Grafted (Dr. Huey). Modern
Earth-Kind. 250+ var. Free cat. Website shop. Mail or-
& Antique. 170 vars. Free color cat. Website shop. Di-
ders welcome. 5% DISCOUNT WITH PROOF OF ARS
rect mail roses since 1949.
MEMBERSHIP. For Love of Roses, LLC 499 Lucy Kelly Road BrighChristianson’s Nursery & Greenhouse 15806 Best Road
ton, TN 38011 330-360-8510 www.forloveofroses.com
Mount Vernon, WA 98273 360-466-3821 www.chris-
Own root miniature and miniflora exhibition and nov-
tiansonsnursery.com Grafted & own-root. Modern,
elty roses One-stop shopping for the newest roses.
Heritage, Austin & Miniature. 600+ var. Pickup only.
150+ varieties from 18 Hybridizers Web-site, E-mail
No mail order.
and Phone orders welcome.
Cool Roses 888 Chase Road West Palm Beach, FL
GARDEN VALLEY RANCH NURSERY 498 Pepper Road
33415
geoff-
Petaluma, CA 94952 707-795-0919 www.gardenvalley.
coolidge@comcast.net Fortuniana (warm weather).
com info@gardenvalley.com Bare-root. Modern & An-
Modern, Miniature & Old Garden. Athy Roses from
tique. 400+ vars. Mail orders welcome for bare-root
New Zealand. 150+ vars. Website list.
Sept. to Feb. Visiting: Display garden with 7,000 roses;
561-684-2421
www.coolroses.com
tours guided & self-guided. 10% DISCOUNT ON POTCountry Care Roses Attn: Rhonda and Bill Spilman
TED ROSES TO ARS MEMBERS.
14070 109 Street Fellsmere, FL 32948 772-559-5036 th
www.countrycareroses.com countrycareroses@gmail.
Greenmantle Nursery 3010 Ettersburg Road Garberville,
com OGRs and Modern Shrubs for Florida gardening.
CA 95542 707-986-7504 www.greenmantlenursery.com
160+ vars. No mail order. Display gardens open week-
(only contact via phone and mail) Own-root. Organic
ends 9am – 4 pm.
grown. Antique, Unusual & Modern. 400 vars. Website list. Mail orders welcome.
Countryside Roses 5016 Menge Avenue Pass Christian, MS 39571 228-452-2697 www.countrysideroses.
Harlequin’s Gardens 4795 26th Street Boulder, CO
com mail@countrysideroses.com Own-root. Antique
80301
& Modern. 300+ vars. limited avail. Website list. Mail
Own-root. Hardy, sustainable roses for Colorado. 220+
orders welcome.
vars. No mail order.
303-939-9403
www.harlequinsgardens.com
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 71
Heaven Sent Roses 7455 Reynolda Road Pfafftown,
Website shop. Mail orders welcome.
NC 27040 336-922-2328. www.heavensentroses.com Mod-
K&M Roses (James & Daisy Mills) 1260 Chicora River
ern, Rare, Antique, EarthKind, Buck. 500+ vars. 75+
Road Buckatunna, MS 39233 601-648-2908. www.kan-
climbers/ramblers. Write for free list. Walk-in only. Re-
dmroses.com info@kandmroses.com Fortuniana graft-
tail / wholesale. No mail orders. Visiting: Year-round
ed roses. Hybrid teas, floribundas & climbers; exhibi-
by chance or appointment. Groups welcome. Green-
tion varieties & old favorites. New varieties from top
house peak bloom mid-April. Open House Sat (10am-
producers of exhibition roses for the florist trade such
4pm) & Sun (12-5pm) in May.
as Kordes. 200+ vars. Mail orders welcome. Visiting:
hsrosebud@WINDSTREAM.NET
Own-root.
Visitors welcome by appointment. Heirloom Roses 24062 Riverside Drive NE St. Paul, OR
Long Ago Roses 7 East Berkley St. Granite Falls, NC
97137 800-820-0465. www.heirloomroses.com info@
28630
heirloomroses.com A family-owned company dedicat-
ses.com Own-root. Antique and Modern. 300+ vars.
ed to providing the largest variety of own-root, virus-
Mail orders welcome, except CA, NV, AZ, OR, WA, ID
free roses in the country. It was established in 1979 we
Visitors welcome by appointment, please e-mail.
www.longagoroses.com
Roses@longagoro-
are committed preserving antique roses, growing ownroot. 1,800+ vars: Hybrid Teas, Antique, OGRs, Rare,
Mary’s Plant Farm & Landscaping 2410 Lanes Mill Road
Modern, Winter Hardy, Clements, Buck, Euro Desert.
Hamilton, OH 45013 513-894-0022. www.marysplant-
Custom propagation available upon request. Visiting:
farm.com marysplantfarm@zoomtown.com Own-root/
We welcome the public to visit and enjoy our 10 acres
Grafted. Rare & hard to find Cold Hardy, Modern, An-
of public gardens.
tique, Austin, Buck. 60+ vars. Phone & mail orders welcome. Visiting: 3 acres of display gardens. Business hrs
HIGH COUNTRY ROSES P. O. Box 22901 Denver,
Apr – Oct. Special tours & events listed on website.
CO 80222 800-552-2082 www.highcountryroses.com Own-root. Cold Hardy, Old Garden, Shrub, Species,
North Creek Farm 24 Sebasco Road Phippsburg, ME
& Modern. 270+ vars. Website shop. Cat. on request.
04562 207-389-1341. www.northcreekfarm.org suzy@
Mail orders welcome. 10% DISCOUNT TO ARS MEM-
northcreekfarm.org Own-root. Cold Hardy, Rugosas,
BERS.
Gallicas. 80+ vars. Mail orders welcome.
Hortico, Inc. 422 Concession 5 East Waterdown, ON
Northland Rosarium 9405 S. Williams Lane Spokane,
LOR 2H1 Canada 905-689-6984 www.hortico.com of-
WA 99224 509-448-4968 www.northlandrosarium.com
fice@hortico.com Grafted & own-root. Modern, An-
carol@northlandrosarium.com Own-root. Cold Hardy,
tique, Explorer, Climbing, Miniflora, Kordes. 1200+
Modern, Antique, Climbing, Buck Ground Cover, Ru-
vars. Website shop. Mail orders welcome. Wholesale
gosa & Old Garden. Free cat. Mail orders welcome.
& retail. Ships to U.S.
Visiting: Display gardens open Apr – Aug, Wed – Sat, 9am – 5pm.
Jackson & Perkins Co. 2 Floral Avenue Hodges, SC 29653 800-292-4769, www.jacksonandperkins.co ser-
Otto & Sons Nursery 1835 East Guiberson Road Fill-
vice@jacksonandperkins.com 30+ vars. Grafted/own-
more, CA 93015 805-524-2123. www.ottoandsons-
root. Modern. Free color cat. Website shop. Mail or-
nursery.com info@ottoandsons-nursery.com Grafted.
ders welcome.
Modern, Antique, Landscape. 800+ vars. Pickup only. No mail orders.
John's Miniature Roses 24062 NE Riverside Drive St. Paul, Oregon 97137 800-820-0465. www.heirloom-
Palatine Fruit & Roses 2108 Four Mile Creek Road, RR#
roses.com Own-root. Miniature & Miniflora. 140+ vars.
3 Niagara-on-the-Lake Ontario L0S 1J0 Canada 905-
72 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
468 – 8627. www.palatineroses.com sales@palatinero-
508-995-4212 www.roselandroses.com contacts@rose-
ses.com Grafted – Multiflora. Modern, Antique, Austin,
landroses.com Grafted. Modern, Landscape. 300+
Kordes. 300+ vars. Mail orders welcome. Ships to U.S.
vars. Distributes to 9 states in Northeast.
Petals from the Past 16034 Country Road 29 Jemison,
Rosemania 4020 Trail Ridge Dr. Franklin, TN 37067
AL 35085 205-646-0069 www.petalsfromthepast.com
888-600-9665 www.rosemania.com #1 grade bare-
info@petalsfromthepast.com Antique. Website shop.
root roses. Own-root from Weeks and Star Roses. $12
Mail orders welcome.
shipping on orders of two or more roses.
Pickering Nurseries Inc. 3043 County Road 2, RR#1
Rose Petals Nursery 16918 SW 15th Avenue Newberry,
Port Hope, ON L1A 3V5 Canada 905-753-2155 www.
FL 32669 352-215-6399 www.rosepetalsnursery.com
pickeringnurseries.com roses@pickeringnurseries.com
roses@rosepetalsnursery.com Own-root. Antique &
Grafted & Own-root. Modern, Heritage, Winter Hardy,
Earth-Kind. Mail orders welcome.
Kordes. 1000+ vars. Website shop. Mail orders welcome. Ships to U.S.
Roses of Yesterday and Today 803 Brown’s Valley
Regan Nursery 4268 Decoto Road Fremont CA 94555-
Road Watsonville, CA 95076 831-728-1901. www.
3204 510-797-3222 www.regannursery.com regan@re-
roseofyesterday.com
gannursery.com Grafted. Modern & Heritage. 1000+
com Own-root/Grafted. Bareroot & potted. Antique &
vars. Mail orders welcome.
Modern. 230 vars. Cat. $5. Mail orders welcome. Vis-
postmaster@rosesofyesterday.
iting: Display garden year-round, 9am – 4pm, picnic ROGUE VALLEY ROSES P.O. Box 116 Phoenix, OR 97504
541-535-1307
tables available.
www.roguevalleyroses.com
info@roguevalleyroses.com Own-root (bands, with
Roses Inc Green Country 500 E. Washington Street
some varieties in gallons, and 5 gallons). Rare & ex-
Broken Arrow, OK 74012 918-455-7673. www.rosesin-
ceptional; Antique & Modern. 1500+ vars. Photos/
ctulsa.com KGardner@GreenCountryRoses.com Graft-
search features on website. Online ordering. We ship
ed/Own-root. Bare root, potted. Modern, Heritage.
Retail, Wholesale, and International orders year-round.
500+ vars. Website shop. Mail orders welcome.
Delayed shipping available on request. Mail/phone/ online orders; Waiting list notification. Call or email for
Roses Unlimited 363 North Deerwood Drive Laurens,
directions, to arrange an appointment for a visit or to
SC 29360 864-682-7673 www.rosesunlimitedownroot.
pick up an order, or to pre-register for events. 10% DIS-
com rosesunlmt@aol.com Own-root. Heritage, Mod-
COUNT TO ARS and HRF MEMBERS.
ern, Rare, Evergreen, Earth-Kind. International Collection of Austin, Barni, Alister Clark, Delbard, Guil-
Rose Fire, Ltd. 09 394 State Route 34 Edon, OH 43518
lot, Harkness, Kordes, Meilland, Viru Viraraghavan.
419-388-8511. www.rosefire.com info@rosefire.com
Collections from Tom Carruth (Weeks), Ben Williams,
Own-root. 1 gal sizes only. Specializing in Antique &
Keith Zary (J&P), Robert Rippetoe, and Eddie Edwards.
Winter Hardy. 200+ vars. Mail orders welcome. Visit-
1000+ vars. Free cat. Mail orders welcome. Visiting:
ing: Display gardens open Jun – Sep.
Phone/email in advance. Pre-register for events. Study Day, Fri Apr 11 9am-3pm, $45 ea (includes lectures,
Roseglen Gardens 11581 Riggs Road Naples, FL 34114
handouts, lunch); Springfest 2014 (greenhouses in
239-775-4489.
Info@
full bloom), Fri Apr 18, Sat Apr 19 10am-4pm; Annual
Roseglengardens.com Old Garden, Heat Hardy. 60+
Open House, Fri & Sat, May 9 & May 10 10 am – 4pm.
www.roseglengardens.com
vars. No shipping. Russian River Rose Co. 1685 Magnolia Drive HealdsRoseland Nursery 247 Main St. Acushnet, MA 02743
burg, CA 95448 707-433-7455. www.russian-river-rose. JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 73
com info@russian-river-rose.com Own-root. 600+ vars.
Austin, Buck, Canadian, Modern, Antique cold hardy
Antique, Modern. Pickup only. No shipping. Visiting:
vars. 150+ vars. No mail order. Visiting: Visitors wel-
Open Every Weekend in April and May from 10-5,
come by appointment. Display gardens, talks, tours,
and year round by appointment. Large display garden
classes, workshops Mar through Oct. Phone to register
with 650 varieties of roses; springtime 'Perfume Rose
and for directions. 5% DISCOUNT ON POTTED ROS-
Harvest Tours' feature demonstration of harvesting &
ES W/PROOF OF ARS MEMBERSHIP.
distillation of damask roses for rose water & rose oil; special presentations & workshops spring & fall – check
Waterwise
website for details.
Escondido, CA 92026 Mail P.O. Box 968, Bonsal, CA 92003
Botanicals
760-728-2641
32183
Old
Highway
www.waterwisebotanicals.com
395 talk-
S&W Greenhouse, Inc. P.O. Box 30 White House, TN
plants@waterwisebotanicals.com 80+ vars. Modern,
37188 615-672-0599. www.sw-greenhouse.com/rose.
Antique. Website shop. Mail orders welcome.
html Info@sw-greenhouse.com Bare-root & 3 gal container grown roses. Dr. Huey, Fortuniana, Own-root.
Wells Mid-South Roses (See For Love of Roses) RJA4C-
Mail Orders / Retail / Wholesale. Shipping to the Con-
PA@aol.com.
tinental 48 States - Orders may also be picked up at the greenhouse (email us in advance to arrange pick
Wisconsin Roses 7939 31st Avenue Kenosha, WI 53142
up) Visiting: Visitors welcome. Greenhouse hrs 8am -
262-358-1298 www.wiroses.com wiroses@gmail.com
5pm, Mar 15 – Oct 31 (email after May to verify rose
Bareroot maiden (grafted). Modern. Exhibition 25+
availability before traveling).
vars. Mail orders welcome.
Sam Kedem Nursery & Garden Town & Country Roses
WITHERSPOON ROSE CULTURE 3312 Watkins Road
12414 191st St. East Hastings, MN 55033 651-437-
Durham, NC 27707 800-643-0315 www.witherspoon-
7516 www.kedemroses.com Info@kedemroses.com
rose.com gardenshop@witherspoonrose.com Bare-
Own-root. Canadian, Buck, English, Antique & Mod-
root. Free cat. & growing guide. 200+ vars. Mail or-
ern. 450 vars. Website cat.
ders welcome. FREE ROSEBUSH W/ A NEW FULL ARS MEMBERSHIP ONLY — 10% DISCOUNT WITH ARS
Spring Valley Roses P.O. Box 7, N7637 330
th
Street
Spring Valley, WI 54767 715-778-4481 www.springvalleyroses.com www.springvalleyroses.com Own-root. Hardy. 60 vars. Website shop. Mail orders welcome. Two Sisters Roses Mail Order Nursery Order online www.twosistersroses.com VISA and MC accepted through Paypal. Print the printable order form online and mail to 1430 N. Redbud Ln. Newcastle, OK. 73065 Email orders to admin@twosistersroses.com Twombly Nursery 163 Barn Hill Road Monroe, CT 06468 203-261-2133. www.twomblynursery.com info@ twomblynursery.com Grafted. Modern. 80+ vars. Website shop. New England mail order only. WALNUT HILL FARM P.O. Box 189 Bangor, MI 49013 269-427-4010 tconk@msn.com Own-root, grafted. 74 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
MEMBERSHIP.
2014 Rose List Anna’s Promise Barbra Streisand Bride's Dream Bronze Star Colorific Corretta Scott King Dee-lish Dick Clark Doris Day Double Delight 2014 Drop Dead Red Estelle Rose List Anna’s Promise Barbra Streisand Anna’s Promise Barbra Streisand Anna’s Barbra FallingPromise in Love FiredStreisand Up Bride's Dream Bronze Star Bride's Dream Bronze Star Bride's Dream Bronze StarMeilland Fragrant Cloud Francis Colorific Corretta ScottScott King Colorific Corretta King Colorific Corretta King Good as Gold HappyScott Go Lucky Dee-lish Dick Clark Dee-lish Dick Clark Dee-lish Dick Julia Child JustClark Joey Doris Day Double Delight Doris Day Double Delight Doris Day Double Delight Lasting Love Leonidas Drop Dead RedRed Estelle Drop Dead Estelle Drop Estelle LoveDead SongRed Mercury Rising Falling in in Love Fired Up Up Falling inLove Love Fired Falling Fired Moonstone NewUp Zealand Fragrant Cloud Francis Meilland Fragrant Cloud Francis Meilland Fragrant Cloud Francis Meilland Oh My Over the Moon Good as Gold Happy Go Lucky Good as Gold Happy Go Lucky Good as Gold Happy Go Lucky Peace Pope John Paul II Julia Child Just Joey Julia Child Just Joey Julia Child Just Joey Secret St. Patrick Lasting Love Leonidas Lasting Love Leonidas Lasting Love Leonidas The McCartney Rose Touch of Class Love Song Mercury Rising LoveLove Song Mercury Rising Song Mercury Rising White Licorice White Majesty Moonstone New Zealand Moonstone New Zealand Moonstone New Zealand Over theMoon Moon OhOh My Over the OhMy My Over the Moon Fungicides Peace Pope John Paul Peace Pope John Paul IIII II Peace20EW (pint) Pope John Paul Eagle $69.99 Secret St. Patrick Honor $57.99 Secret St. Patrick Secret Guard (pint) St. Patrick The McCartney Rose Touch Class Compass (16 oz) $489.00 TheThe McCartney RoseRose Touch ofofClass McCartney Touch of Class Heritage (4oz) $152.00 White Licorice White Majesty White Licorice White Majesty White Licorice White Majesty
2014 Rose List 2014 Rose List
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ARS National Convention San Diego, California
by Bob Martin, Reed Nessel, Sue Streeper, Ruth Tiffany and Paula Taylor With the expanding interest and endless possibilities for creative rose photography, Sally Long, Photography Show Chair, has called upon the experts to share their skills with lectures and hands-on practice. Learn about the status of photography at the national level (Curtis Aumiller, ARS National Chair of Photography); listen to a nuts and bolts presentation of floral photography by an award-winning photographer (Susan Brandt Graham); discover white balance techniques and applications (Bill Farmer); experience the magic of macro-photography (Sally Long); participate in mounting and matting your photos for exhibiting (Miriam Yoder and Gerry Mahoney); assess photo editing programs (Bill Farmer); get your mind thinking about how to enter ARS photo contests (Curtis Aumiller); and use your camera (any kind you have) for a walking tour and hands-on photo session of the hotel’s roses (Susan Brandt Graham). Your pictures will be worth a thousand words in the form of compliments from your audience. Bob Martin, Program and Speakers Chairman, has assembled a national group of 13 distinguished rosarians to present a broad range of educational programs. Saturday begins with a program by Connie Vierbecky of Sarasota, FL, on “The English Rose Family” following which the “Bugman,” Baldo Villegas, will entertain kids and adults alike with his “Good Bugs/Bad Bugs” program. Dr. Gary Rankin and Dr. Monica Valentovic of Lavalette, WV, will offer a “Tool Talk” and “Cliff-of-the-Desert,” Cliff Orent, will discuss the unusual roses he imported for his Euro-Desert collection. The guest speaker at the ARS President’s Tea and Fashion Show on Sunday will be ARS Vice President, Pat Shanley, speaking on “The ARS Family,” followed by Dr. Tommy Cairns, ARS Gold Medalist and former ARS and WFRS President,
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who will present a stirring multimedia tribute to “A Century of Roses.” The Monday programs focus on exhibitors and new roses. Suzanne Horn will present a program on “Showing the Shrub Family,” followed by Richard Anthony of Brighton, TN, speaking on minifloras. Thereafter, Dr. Satish Prabhu of Columbia, SC, will present a program entitled “Are we There Yet? — Flying with Roses.” Jim Sproul, general director of the Rose Hybridizers Association, will then conduct an open meeting at which he will discuss his hybridizing program. Participants in the Escondido/North County garden tour will hear Bob Martin’s presentation about “Show Roses in the Garden.” Concluding the educational offerings, radio personality, hybridizer and international rosarian John Bagnasco, will be the keynote speaker at Monday’s Awards Banquet. Jim Price, San Diego Rose Society Membership Vice President, will speak Monday afternoon about utilizing the talents of members for a successful rose society. Convention goers extending their visit to Southern California will want to join in with the fun 26 miles across the sea where Santa Catalina is a-waitin’ for you. (Thank you Four Preps for immortalizing this song.) Picturesque Catalina Island and charming Avalon, a unique town of 4,000 residents, will delight you. On Tuesday morning, May 13, a bus will transport passengers to Dana Point where the Catalina Express boat will take everyone to the island in time for lunch. Participants can choose their activities from a selection including an interiorisland tour, visit to the casino with its historic ballroom and museum, a semi-submersible ride to the protected marine area, zip line over exotic island fauna and flora and strolls through the no-cars traditional small town with great shops and restaurants. Two nights at a small hotel are included before returning to the mainland and the bus back to the Town and Country Hotel.
Schedule of Events THURSDAY, MAY 8 6:00 p.m. - 9:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m. - 9:00 p.m.
Registration/Hospitality Open ARS Finance Committee Meeting
FRIDAY, MAY 9 8:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. 8:00 a.m. - 12 midnight 8:00 a.m. - 5 :30 p.m. 9:00 a.m. - 12 noon 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. 12 noon - 6:00 p.m. 1:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. 5:00 p.m. - 6 :30 p.m. 7:00 p.m. - 9:00 p.m. 9:00 p.m. - 9:45 a.m. 9:00 p.m. - 9 :45 a.m.
Registration open Refrigeration open ARS Executive Committee Meeting with Board Meeting to follow Photography Seminar 1 All day/anytime “Hello San Diego” Old Town Trolley Tour Trade Show Photography Seminar 2 OPENING PARTY Explore San Diego’s dining options Arrangers can work Exhibitors can work
SATURDAY, MAY 10 6:30 a.m. - 9:45 a.m. 7:00 a.m. - 4 :00 p.m. 8:45 a.m. - 9:45 a.m. 9:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. 9:45 a.m. - 1:00 p.m. 9:45 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. 10:00 a.m. - 11:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m. - 12 noon 12 noon - 1:00 p.m. 1:00 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. 1:30 p.m. - 6:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. - 3 :00 p.m. 3:00 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. 4:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 5:30 p.m. - 6:15 p.m. 5:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. 6:15 p.m. - 9:00 p.m.
Rose Show Entries open Registration/Hospitality Open Judges Coffee Trade Show & Artist Auction Rose Show Judging TOUR – Balboa Park Rose Garden, Private Gardens, Cabrillo Monument Speaker – Connie Vierbicky, Sarasota, FL — “The English Rose Family” Speaker – Baldo Villegas, Sacramento, CA — “Good Bugs/Bad Bugs” Speaker – Dr. Gary Rankin & Dr. Monica Valentovic, Lavalette, WV — “ Tools for Roses” Judges Lunch Rose Show Open Speaker – Cliff Orent, Cathedral City, CA — “There’s More to Roses than Hybrid Teas…” Consulting Rosarian Meeting & Education — Open to all Horticulture Judges Meeting ARS Membership Meeting & Klima Lecture Rose Show Awards Cocktails Dinner Cruise on San Diego Harbor JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 77
SUNDAY, MAY 11 8:00 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. 9:00 a.m. - 4 :00 p.m. 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. 9:00 a.m. - 9:45 a.m. 9:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. 10:00 a.m. - 2:45 p.m. 3:00 p.m. - 4:15 p.m. 4:15 p.m. - 5:15 p.m. 6:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. 6:30 p.m. - 9:00 p.m. MONDAY, MAY 12 8:00 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m. - 9:00 a.m. 9:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. 9:00 a.m. - 3:45 p.m. 9:00 a.m. - 1 0:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. - 11:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m. - 12 noon 12 noon - 1:00 p.m. 1:15 p.m . - 4:30 p.m. 4:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 5:00 p.m. - 6 :00 p.m. 6:30 p.m. - 9:30 p.m.
Patrons Continental Breakfast ARS Convention Roundtable Registration/Hospitality Open Rose Show open Speaker — Bill Farmer, Albuquerque, NM — Walk through the Photography Show Trade Show & Artist Auction TOUR — East County Rose Gardens ARS President’s Tea & Fashion Show honoring Mothers & New ARS Members & Convention First Timers. Jolene Adams-ARS President Speaker — Pat Shanley, ARS Vice President, Glen Cove, NY. — “The ARS Family” Speaker — Dr. Tommy Cairns, Studio City, CA — “A Century of Roses“ Cocktails COME AS A ROSE Buffet Dinner honoring Rose Families Entertainment — Lee Fugal Music & Comedy Show Rose Show Tear Down Speaker – Suzanne Horn, Glendale, CA- “Showing the Shrub Family” Registration/Hospitality Open Rose Books Silent Auction Speaker — Richard Anthony, Brighton, TN — “The Miniflora – a New and Exciting Member of the Rose Family” Speaker — Dr. Satish Prabhu, Columbia, SC – “Are We There Yet? – Flying With Roses” Rose Hybridizers Meeting: Speaker — Jim Sproul, Bakersfield, CA – Open to all Pacific Southwest District Luncheon Escondido Garden Tour & Speaker — Bob Martin, Escondido, CA —“Show Roses in the Garden” Speaker – Jim Price, San Diego, CA — San Diego Rose Society Membership Vice President “Members Make the Difference — Tapping into the Talents of our Members” Cocktails AWARDS Banquet: Keynote Speaker — John Bagnasco, Fallbrook, CA — “Rose Genealogy – Preserving Roses for Generations to Come”
TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY and THURSDAY, MAY 13 -15 Overnight tour to Catalina Island (2 nights) Events and speakers are subject to change. Please check your registration packet for the latest schedule.
To Register: Visit www.arosefamilyholiday.com or you may request a paper copy be mailed to you by contacting the Registrar.
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The Rose Family “The rose is a rose, And was always a rose. But the theory now goes That apple’s a rose, And the pear is, and so’s The plum, I suppose. The dear only knows What will next prove a rose. You, of course, are a rose But were always a rose.” Robert Frost
A Rose Family Holiday San Diego RS President • Bob Kolb • bobkolb@cox.net ARS National Convention Chair • Ruth Tiffany • ruthsgarden@msn.com Arrangement Judges Chair • Lauren Toth • l.toth@cox.net • 623-533-5844 Convention Registrar • Mary Vieira • arsnc591214@cox.net • 619-222-3376 General Information • Paula Taylor • arosefamilyholidayinfo@gmail.com • 858-485-7429 Horticulture Judges Chair • Akiko Strathmann • akikostrathmann@aol.com • 661-252-8199 Photography Show Chair • Sally Long • sally.long@gmail.com • 619-588-8893 Programs/Speakers • Bob Martin • petrose@aol.com • 626-840-3472 Publicity/Media Relations • Paula Taylor • arosefamilyholidayinfo@gmail.com • 858-485-7429 Reed Nessel • Reed@woodendnessel.com • 858-484-1662 Rose Show Chair • Linda Clark • linsline@cox.net • 619-301-1156 Sponsorships • Paula Taylor • arosefamilyholidayinfo@gmail.com • 858-485-7429 Vendors • Victoria Paris • parispromos@cox.net • 619-925-7018 For a complete committee list, visit our website, www.arosefamilyholiday.com
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 79
The Inez Grant Parker Memorial Rose Garden
How It Grew
photo courtesy Dona Martin
T
he Inez Grant Parker Memorial Rose Garden, often referred to as the Balboa Park rose garden, was just a dream of Dick Streeper’s when he was elected president of the San Diego Rose Society in 1969. Jean Kenneally and Jim Kirk helped Dick with the launch of the new rose garden in San Diego. Previously, two rose gardens existed in Balboa Park, but by the late 60s there was little left of them. With the help of Jim Milch, chairman of the Park and Recreation Board, and Vince Marchetti, project officer for Park and Recreation, the idea of a large rose garden began to take hold. By 1973, the city council was ready to choose a site with financial backing coming from the Parker Foundation. Several rose-producing businesses donated roses for the initial planting; the members of the San Diego Rose Society planted the roses in pots while the walks, raised beds and irrigation system were being made ready. By 1975, the garden was well established, and it was dedicated during the American Rose Society convention held in San Diego that year. The plaque commemorating the dedication lists the following organizations which were involved in bringing the garden to fruition: The Parker Foundation, Armstrong Nurseries Inc., Jackson & Perkins Co., San Joaquin Rose Co., San Diego Rose Society, Howard Rose Co., Weeks Wholesale Rose Grower and Boise Cascade Corp. Twelve-hundred plants of 83 varieties made up the original planting. The rosebeds are designated S (south), C (central) and N (north) to identify them conveniently. The garden was later enlarged during the 1980s when the construction of new downtown buildings
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by Sue Streeper, streeper@cox.net needed a place to discard soil. Florida Canyon turned out to be the ideal place. The gazebo, which was a half circle now became a full circle, and rosebeds were added on the east side of the garden. With this addition, the garden was expanded to 1600 plants of 104 varieties. Those beds are now labeled N-9 through N-12. Specifically, there are David Austin English roses overlooking the canyon in N-11 and S-3. The irrigation system was upgraded in January 2013, with funding from the Balboa Park Trust administered by the San Diego Foundation. The mission of this foundation is to improve the quality of life in all of our communities by providing leadership for effective philanthropy. Many local residents visit the rose garden frequently, aided by the wide walkways, which make it accessible to strollers and wheelchairs. Tourists are unfailingly complimentary as they visit the display, which is in color from March through November. Many weddings are scheduled in the rose garden. The Rose Garden Corps — a group of about 45 volunteers who keep the garden tidy and healthy — aide the San Diego City Park staff in maintaining the garden. Their tasks include removing spent blooms, picking up petals and leaves, fertilizing, replacing plants, supplying labels and even supplementary watering. Every year on the first Saturday of January the San Diego Rose Society holds a pruning demonstration to educate the public about the proper techniques of rose care. Often there are hundreds of attendees eager to learn. The Rose Garden Corps and the Park and Recreation Department staff then finish pruning all of the roses. The first bloom — in late March and early April — is spectacular.
Great Rosarians of the World™ West 2014 Saturday, February 1, 2014
The Huntington Botanical Garden, San Marino, CA
Danielle Hahn
Owner of Rose Story Farms to be Honored
D
anielle Hahn is the owner of Rose Story Farms in Carpinteria, CA, a boutique rose farm for cut roses. Because of her skills and dedication to the rose, she has been able to develop a business model that combines growing roses and education. Danielle has maintained a hands-on approach to satisfy her market and has given this segment of the rose industry a successful working model, which encompasses the small boutique rose nursery and small organic farmer, for others to follow. Her farm is a prime model for the future of small family farms to specialize into niche areas and succeed. She has expanded her business to include the valuable component of educational tours, which help educate her audience with the knowledge to grow healthy roses successfully. Growing from a life long love of flowers and gardening, Rose Story Farm has become the focal point of a wonderful mixture of business and life. From the first day the mission was to produce beautiful, fragrant, roman-
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tic garden roses in exquisite shapes and colors. Now more than 25,000 bushes of 120 varieties are scattered over the 15-acre farm. Tours are led by Danielle twice weekly, and a variety of seminars focused on garden design, rose cultivation and flower arranging are given throughout the year. A major theme of the educational effort is to demystify the process of growing and caring for roses. “Roses are magical and forgiving — they repay any effort on their behalf ten-fold. We named the farm ‘Rose Story Farm’ because the roses are central to some of our most enchanting and memorable experiences. We encourage clients, visitors and friends to exchange their rose stories with us, and in this way to share what we find romantic, passionate, joyful and sustaining.” Born in Santa Barbara, CA, in 1953, she attended local schools until 1971 when she entered Stanford University. She graduated three years later with honors with a BA in psychology and a minor in Italian. Having played on the Stanford Tennis Team for three years and being a ranked national junior tennis player, her first job out of college was managing an exclusive tennis club in Manhattan. Returning to Santa Barbara in 1978, she
opened a series of retail stores over the next 10 years in Southern California. At the same time she was the founder and managing partner of an innovative gift business that designed, manufactured, packaged and ultimately delivered gifts for entertainment corporations. With the birth of Geoffrey, her second boy, in 1993, she backed away from the majority of her business responsiOpposite Page: bilities to focus Danielle Hahn on her family.
Above: Rose Story Her extensive Farms field of roses experiences proved invaluable in 1998 Right: Basket when Daniof roses elle and her husband, Bill decided to expand the family avocado farm into a boutique photos courtesy Danielle Hahn rose business with the addition of 1,000 bushes, all of them garden roses. The farm now has more than 25,000 bushes and since that time Danielle has overseen the steady growth and development to the point where thousands of roses are cut each day and shipped throughout the United States. Currently she manages all employees and makes the day-to-day decisions for the business, markets the products and selects the roses for production. She also designs rose gardens for clients worldwide, designs and maintains the gardens at the farm that are used for weddings
and special events, oversees the rose store on site and leads the way on product development — a rose based perfume and body care line are currently in the works. Danielle is an active member of the Santa Barbara Rose Society, the American Rose Society and the Garden Club of America in Santa Barbara. She is the founder and sustaining patron of the Carpinteria Community Service Toy Fund, a non-profit organization that raises money each year for the families of disadvantaged field workers in the Carpinteria Valley. The excitement and beauty of this enterprise and of Danielle herself has been featured in Santa Barbara Magazine, Wine Country Living, Sunset, Victoria Magazine, Oprah Magazine, Martha Stewart Living, Veranda, and the Wall Street Journal. She has had articles published in the 2012 American Rose Annual on both flower arranging and garden design. Television coverage of Rose Story Farm has been presented on California Heartland, a PBS special and on NBC’s Today show. Most recently, Martha Stewart Living media filmed a segment on the farm for their online American Made series. In addition to her weekly tours
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 83
at the farm, Danielle is a frequent featured speaker at events that are focused on the beauty of the garden and the special role of roses in our daily lives. The Great Rosarians of the World™ Lecture series was originally conceived in 2001 by Clair G. Martin, III, Shannon Curator Emeritus of the Rose & Perennial Gardens, The Huntington Botanical Garden, San Marino, CA. It was intended to be an annual lecture series to honor notable rosarians from around the world and provide them with a forum to present their work to a broader American audience. The goal of this event is to invite major figures in the world of roses, authors, hybridizers, nurserymen and
scholars and ask them to present a program that would offer gardeners the opportunity to acknowledge their accomplishments and to honor their work creating and promoting our chief love, the rose. In only 13 years, the event has become famous worldwide. For 2014 the event will take place in California in February and in New York City in June. Past honorees have included notable figures in the world of roses such as Peter Beales, Ralph Moore, Miriam Wilkins, Roger Phillips and Martyn Rix, Peter Harkness, Viru and Girija Viraraghavan, Wilhelm Kordes, III, William J. Radler, Marilyn Wellan and Stephen Scanniello, David Austin, Ruth Knopf and Alain Meilland, Dr. Walter Lewis and Dr. Malcolm Manners.
Schedule of Events: Saturday, February 1, 2014 The Huntington Botanical Garden, San Marino, CA. Afternoon Program: “Empress of the Garden” — presented by G. Michael Shoup, Antique Rose Emporium Award Presentation and Lecture by GROW™ 2014 Honoree – Danielle Hahn For additional information on GROW™ West contact: Clair G. Martin, clairgmartin@mac.com Curator Emeritus Huntington Rose Garden
Great Rosarians of the World™ Rose Garden Hall of Fame Awards 2014 West Coast Awards — will be presented at GROW™ West on February 1, 2014 City of Sukura Rose Garden, Sakura, Japan Balboa Park Rose Garden, San Diego, California East Coast Awards — will be presented at GROW™ East on June 7, 2014 Biltmore Rose Garden, Ashville, North Carolina Edisto Memorial Garden, Orangeburg, South Carolina En Tian Rose Park, Taicang, China
Save The Date! Friday, June 6 — Sunday, June 8, 2014 GROW™ East Coast Lecture Series Xiv Full details of this event will appear in the March/April issue of American Rose For additional information on GROW™ East contact Pat Shanley, pshanley@aol.com 84 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
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1. PRINCESS ALEXANDRA OF KENT (Ausmerchant) Large, glowing pink flowers. Delicious tea scent, changing to lemon with hints of blackcurrant. A short, very healthy shrub. 3½ x 2½ft. 2. CROWN PRINCESS MARGARETA (Auswinter) Neatly-formed rosettes of apricot-orange with a strong, fruity fragrance. A well-rounded, slightly arching shrub. 5 x 4½ft or 9-11ft as a climber. 3. CHARLOTTE (Auspoly) Exquisite, soft yellow, cup-shaped flowers. A bushy, compact shrub with excellent repeatflowering. A strong and delicious tea rose fragrance.Very hardy. 4 x 3ft. 4. CLAIRE AUSTIN (Ausprior) Large, creamy white blooms. Strong myrrh, meadowsweet and vanilla scent. Healthy with elegant, arching growth. 4½ x 4ft or 8ft as a climber. 5. QUEEN OF SWEDEN (Austiger) Pure soft pink cups that are beautiful at all stages. Exceptionally healthy with bushy, upright growth. Classic myrrh fragrance. 4 x 2½ft. 6. MUNSTEAD WOOD (Ausbernard) Sumptuous, deep velvety crimson blooms. Strong old rose fragrance with notes of blackberry, blueberry and damson. A broad, bushy shrub. 3 x 2½ft.
| 2014 85 JANUARY/FEBRUARY Call toll free 800 328 8893 quoting AR39 or send to DAVID AUSTIN ROSES (AR39) 15059 State Highway 64 West,Tyler,TX 75704.
Call for Nominations for
“Miniature and Miniflora Rose Hall of Fame” by Dr. Jim Hering, Chairman ARS Miniature/Miniflora Rose Committee The ARS Miniature and Miniflora Rose Hall of Fame honors miniature and miniflora roses that have stood the test of time in commerce for at least 20 years. Now, it is your opportunity to participate in this process by sending in your nomination(s), (five or less). A short list of the most popular miniature and miniflora roses that are 20 years or older can be found at the end of this article. Criteria for the Hall of Fame can be summarized as follows: 1. The variety must have been introduced at least 20 years prior to the year the award is given. Introduction date will verified by the latest edition of Modern Roses. 2. There can be multiple winners in any year. 3. Varieties for consideration are solicited from the general membership through an announcement in the American Rose magazine, on the ARS web-site, in the Miniature Rose Bulletin and in district and local bulletins. Nominations are to be sent by May 1, 2014 to: Dr. Jim Hering 1050 Kingwood Drive Marion, OH 43302 rosehering@roadrunner.com 4. The Chairman of the Miniature/Miniflora Rose Committee will prepare the tabulations for selection by the full committee by ballot. 5. Formal announcement of the winner(s) will take place at the ARS National Miniature Rose Conference.
PREVIOUS WINNERS ELECTED IN 1999
ELECTED IN 2004
'Starina', 1964, Meilland 'Beauty Secret', 1972, Moore 'Magic Carrousel', 1972, Moore 'Rise’n’Shine', 1977, Moore 'Party Girl', 1979, Saville
'Minnie Pearl', 1982, Saville 'Red Cascade', 1976, Moore 'Jean Kenneally', 1986, Bennett 'Rainbow’s End', 1986, Saville
ELECTED IN 2000
ELECTED IN 2006
'Cinderella', 1953, de Vink 'Mary Marshall', 1970, Moore
'Giggles', 1987, King 'Black Jade', 1985, Benardella
ELECTED IN 2005
'Tiffany Lynn', 1985, N. Jolly
ELECTED IN 2010 'Chelsea Belle', 1991, Pete & Kay Taylor 'Grace Seward', 1991, Bennett 'Fancy Pants', 1986, King
ELECTED IN 2011 'Kristin', 1992, Benardella 'Olympic Gold', 1983, N. Jolly
ELECTED IN 2012
ELECTED IN 2001
ELECTED IN 2007
'Green Ice', 1971, Moore 'Jeanne Lajoie', 1976, Sima
'Pierrine', 1988, M. Williams
ELECTED IN 2008
ELECTED IN 2013
ELECTED IN 2002 'Cupcake', 1981, Spies
'Irresistible', 1989, Bennett 'Fairhope', 1989, Pete & Kay Taylor
ELECTED IN 2003
ELECTED IN 2009
'My Sunshine', 1986, Bennett 'Peggy “T”', 1988, King 'Winsome', 1984, Saville
'Snow Bride', 1982, Jolly 'Little Jackie', 1982, Saville
'Gourmet Popcorn', 1986, Desamero 'Luis Desamero', 1988, Bennett
86 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
'Hot Tamale', 1993, Zary 'X-Rated', 1993, Bennett
photos courtesy Rich Baer, Bob Anderson and Susan Chan-McCarthy,
2013 Winners: 'Winsome', 'Peggy “T”' and 'My Sunshine'
A BRIEF LIST OF ELIGIBLE MINIATURE & MINI-FLORA ROSES 'Acey Deucy' 'Baby Katie' 'Connie' 'Dreamcatcher' 'Glory Be' 'Holy Toledo' 'Linville' 'Mothers Love' 'Pacesetter' 'Popcorn' 'Ruby Pendant' 'Stars’n’Stripes' 'Sweet Chariot' 'Toy Clown'
'Ain’t Misbehavin’' 'Butter’n’Sugar' 'Crazy Dottie' 'Elfinglo' 'Halo Rainbow' 'Jennifer' 'Love in Bloom' 'Old Glory' 'Palmetto Sunrise' 'Pucker Up' 'Samantha Ruth' 'Sugar Plum' 'Sweet Revenge' 'Vista'
'Apricot Twist' 'Cajun Dancer' 'Cuddles' 'Figurine' 'Halo Today' 'Judy Fischer' 'Millie Walters' 'Orchid Jubilee' 'Peaches’n’Cream' 'Purple Dawn' 'Si' 'Summer Sunset' 'Teddy Bear' 'Wistful'
'Baby Grand' 'Cal Poly' 'Dee Bennett' 'Gail' 'Hanini' 'June Laver' 'Mobile Jubilee' 'Over the Rainbow' 'Poker Chip' 'Red Minimo' 'Simplex' 'Suzy' 'Tennessee' 'Yantai'
SOME ROSES ELIGIBLE FOR THE FIRST TIME THIS YEAR 'Alisha' 'Ashley Marie' 'Cinderella Gold' 'Denver Dream' 'Descanso Dream' 'Evening Fire' 'For You Dad' 'Halo Fire' 'Incognito' 'Latte' 'Lavender Spoon' 'Leila' 'Little Mermaid' 'Little Sister' 'Marvie' 'Merryglo' 'Misty Morning' 'Monday’s Child' 'Mysterious' 'Nancy Clare' 'Painted Spain' 'Peach Candy' 'Pumpkin Frost' 'Quiet Time' 'Red Moon' 'Redneck Girl' 'Sequoia Ruby' 'Side Kick' 'Snow Maiden' 'Something for Judy' 'Soroptimist International' 'Space Probe' 'Stolen Dream' 'Sunny Afternoon' 'Trickster' 'Touch O’Cloves' 'Vigilance' 'Winter Wheat' The 2014 ARS National Miniature Rose Show and Conference will be held in Mt. Laurel, NJ, July 25-27, 2014. Contact Gus Banks, jrsyrose@verizon.net, 609-267-3809 for information. JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 87
ARS Contest Rules
All contest rules appear on the website: http://www.ars.org/members-only-2/contests/ Children’s Essay Contest Contact Beth Smiley, beth@ars-hq.org All children ages 12 and younger may take part in the contest. They may use their own roserelated theme or choose one of the following: • Why the Rose is America’s National Flower • Why Roses Are the Symbol of Love, Friendship, Beauty and Peace • Why I Love Roses • Why My Parents or Grandparents Love Roses • A fictional story about roses. Entries may be accompanied by a drawing or painting. Essays should be no more than 400 words. The deadline for submitting entries is June 1, 2014. Entries must be accompanied by a separate page containing the following information: child’s name, age, school grade, parent’s name, address and parent’s phone number or e-mail address for notification of winners. This information must be included on a separate sheet of paper, not on the essay. Mail entries to: American Rose Society • Children’s Essay Contest • P.O. Box 30,000 • Shreveport, LA 71130.
Photo Contest Contact: Curtis Aumiller, Send Entries to: ARS Photo Contest • Curtis Aumiller, 5 Brentwood Road, Camp Hill, PA 17011-2529 • Email: caumiller1@yahoo.com The ARS holds this competition for members to enter their best digital rose images. The judging panel is made up of ARS horticultural and/or Arrangement judges who are also experienced photographers. There are numerous classes including regular, novice, junior and masters, with certificates given in each class. Winners of each class are featured in the May issue of American Rose. The rules, form and helpful hints are available on the website, www.ars.org. The deadline for entries for the 2014 contest is November 5, 2014.
Newsletter/Bulletin Competition Contact: Patsy Cunningham, patham@cox.net The ARS conducts an annual competition to recognize outstanding publications of local societies and districts. It is conducted by the ARS Newsletter/Bulletin Awards Committee and is open to all ARS Local Societies and Districts. In addition to the newsletters/bulletin competition, the committee will recognize individual articles and special publications for Awards of Merit. The rules and point breakdown can be found in the Contests section on the ARS website (www.ars.org). 2013 Newsletter Committee members Patsy Cunningham patham@cox.net Elaine Adler eladler@sourcecodecorp.com ARS editorial@ars-hq.org Dave Booty Rosewinter60@yahoo.com Steve Campbell steve@ameritest.com Richard Donovan rdonovan@mindspring.com Bill Farmer wdfarmer@earthlink.net ambushe@yahoo.com Ann Gibson Ed Griffith roseone@concentric.net Carolyn Hayward cghroses@verizon.net Jay Hiers cutflowers01@gmail.com 88 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Suzanne Horn ladyredlhw@aol.com Stephen Hoy hoy127@cox.net Gretchen Humphrey ghumphrey25@yahoo.com Dave Ingram DJIngram26@comcast.net Dave Long longcottage@comcast.net Bruce Monroe professor@katiegirl.net Audrey Osborn caperose@gmail.com aowings@agcenter.lsu.edu Allen Owings Karen Prevatt kprevatt@verizon.net Larry Schock lschock275@aol.com Andy Vanable avanable1@cox.net
American Rose Society
ROSES 2014 Sunday
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Above: 'Chicago photo John Peace', HT, op Mattia; Left: 'Flirtatiou s', F, yb photo Vicki Agee.
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Top to bottom: 'Coretta Scott King', Gr, op photo Larry 'Betty Prior', Durham; photo RichardF, mp Howard; 'Souv de la Malmaiso B, lp n', photo Louis Evans.
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The delicate bea uty has inspired poe of the rose ts and lovers for centuries. ROSES celebr ates the beauty and form of the rose. Sales benefit the American Rose Society, which promotes the growth and app reciation of America’s nat ional flower. American Ro
se Society
ROSE S 2014 $10.00
To order, cal l 1-800-637-65 34 or visit www.a rs.org P.O. Box 300 00 Shreveport, LA , 71130
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The delicate beauty of the rose has inspired poets and lovers for centuries. ROSES celebrates the beauty and form of the rose. Sales benefit the American Rose Society, which promotes the growth and appreciation of America’s national flower.
American Rose Society
ROSES 2014 $10.00
To order, call 1-800-637-6534 or visit www.ars.org • P.O. Box 30000 Shreveport, LA, 71130 JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 89
Membership Musings by Diane Sommers, Membership committee Chair
T
he biggest challenge we have heard of from our local rose society leaders is how to find good programs for meetings. Clearly having fun, informative meetings are critical to the growth and sustenance of our local rose societies. While a large component of the member satisfaction comes from the friendship and socializing that occurs, members participate and attend meetings to learn more about growing and enjoying roses. It is a hobby that continues to evolve, with new rose varieties introduced each year, as well as new ways to grow and enjoy them. Planning ahead for the year is a big project but done well can eliminate a lot of stress during the year and should lead to better programs and higher levels of attendance. This is not something to be delegated to one individual in your local society — it is an important priority that deserves leadership attention and focus. I remember as a relatively new member of a society being asked to be the program director. I readily volunteered but found it to be an awful experience as I didn’t have the “rose connections” to other rose people and didn’t have any idea of resources to use to gather ideas. Somehow I was able to convince Sue O’Brian, owner of Tiny Petals Nursery in California at that time, to visit our meeting in Wisconsin and share her insights on miniature roses. It was the highlight of the year!
Suggestions to Find Topics of Interest and Speakers • Ask your members where their interests are. • Talk to other local rose societies in your district — what programs were successful for them this past year? Who was their speaker? • Check out the programs at District and National conventions — often times those programs can be of interest to your members. • Are there rose/garden products your society members like to use? Talk to the company about bringing in a representative for a program. • Ask your Consulting Rosarians and Judges to lead programs for you once you have identified a topic — it is part of their responsibilities to share their knowledge. • Review American Rose and ARS & You — not only great sources of information but they contain ideas that your members may be interested in. • Programs don’t need to always be “rose specific”. One of the most fascinating programs I attended this year was by a bee keeper! Several societies indicated that a program on weeds and how to prevent them was a real winner. • Make sure to always provide time for questions to be answered. Ask your Consulting Rosarians to help with this. • Take your meeting out to the garden! Many societies travel to members’s gardens in the growing season — rosarians love to share their flowers! One of the “traps” societies fall into is having the same program each year based upon seasonality or that “fantastic speaker” who comes back year after year. An example might be having a panel discussion on winter protection each fall. While these programs will be of interest to your newer members, you may notice that long term members stop attending. Be creative as to how to provide that valuable information to the membership in such a way that doesn’t discourage attendance from your more experienced gardeners. Now is the time to make sure to plan for success this year! If your meeting topics have already been planned, review those plans and ensure that they will be of interest to all. Successful meetings are the cornerstone to a growing and fun society, and it is the role of all the members to share ideas to make that happen! 90 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Q& A
From 1992 until 2012, John authored his “Questions and Answers” column in every issue of American Rose. He answered the questions clearly, thoroughly and in an entertaining fashion. Many questions required hours of research to give a truly complete answer, but John tackled all comers. This compilation covers the most pertinent, and the most interesting, questions (and answers) from 20 years of “Questions and Answers” in American Rose. It is a treasure of information which you will enjoy and find useful.
$19.99
To Order, visit: www.createspace.com/4247566 JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 91
ARS Estate Planning 2013 Tax-Free IRA Distributions for Charitable Giving See your professional financial advisor regarding this mutually beneficial IRS provision for 2013 that will help ARS: Qualified Charitable Distributions have been extended through December 31, 2013. This provision allows individuals to reduce their taxable income, achieve charitable giving goals that benefit ARS (or any qualified charity) and satisfy their required minimum distribution, all in one transaction. Individuals over the age of 70½ can donate up to $100,000 from an IRA directly to a qualified charity without additional federal income taxes. Here’s how: under the Qualified Charitable Distributions provision, you request a distribution from your IRA through your professional financial advisor. Provide your advisor with the name and address of the qualifying charity: The American Rose Society, Inc. P.O. Box 30000 Shreveport, Louisiana 71130 The distribution will be sent directly to the charity of your choice. Married spouses who are both age 70½ or older can each contribute up to $100,000 by December 31, 2013. However, the contributions must come from their own IRA. Act quickly, and put Qualified Charitable Distributions to work for you… and for ARS!
B.J. Harrington Accepts New Assignment All of us at the American Rose Society are grateful to B.J. Harrington for helping us establish our Planned Giving program from the ground up. She recently accepted a new position with another organization. B.J. met many of you and helped spread the word about our fledgling program. She helped us secure several millions of dollars in gift intentions that will help fund our endowments and the future of ARS. Thankfully, B.J. will continue to be available to help us on a more limited basis for special projects and to provide information as needed. Thank you, B.J., and good luck in your new endeavor. Jeff Ware, Executive Director
92 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
SUPPORT THE ROSES | Contributions The American Rose Society is most grateful to the individuals, societies and companies listed below for their generous contributions. Support of the ARS through such donations provides funding for the continued development of the largest nonprofit educational organization dedicated to all aspects of the rose. The ARS is exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code and contributions to the society are tax deductible to the donor as provided by law. We acknowledge all contributions to the American Rose Society. We notify recipients of all gifts received in their honor and notify family members of gifts received in memoriam, in accordance with the donor’s instructions on the form on page 93. We recognize all donations in American Rose. Contributions listed are those received from July 1, 2013 through October 31, 2013. Those received after this date will appear in your March/April 2014 issue. All Annual Fund donations received for 2013 will be acknowledged in the March/April 2014 issue of American Rose!
GIFTS IN HONOR-MEMORY OF… In memory of Robert Kempson Tri-State Rose Society In memory of Earl Parsons Marin Rose Society James Schultz • Betty Ann Cassina Rose Society of Greater St Louis
In memory of Janet M. Dorschel New England Rose Society In memory of Ed Piotrowski Hugh & Betty Watters In memory of Meredith Griggs & Max Clarke South Metro Rose Society
In memory of Patricia Sommer Dr. John & Sue Dickman • Roy & Laura Kulow Lauren Toth • William & Anita Solarz Thomas Decker & Joyce Nelson Dr. Gary Barlow • Dr. Lew Shupe
In memory of Arthur Bert Sloan Pensacola Rose Society
In memory of Yvonne Andrews Ladies Auxiliary of VFW Post 5951, Inc.
In honor of Peggy Spivey Lydon Swartzendruber
In memory of Pete Haring, Earlene Eilerts & George Meiling Pat Shanley
In memory of William Sharpe Alice Boyd
In memory of Bill Adams Gretchen Hagle In memory of Gloria Garvin Neill Matthews In memory of Al LeBlanc Jon & Lois Wier
In memory of Terry Walser Winston-Salem Rose Society
In memory of Paula Rudolph San Antonio Rose Society In honor of Jolene Adams Joe Trusket In memory of Don Melton Cleveland-Lincoln County Rose Society
In memory of Jim Delahanty Dr. John & Sue Dickman • Janet Sklar Invitational Rose Seminar
AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY OPERATIONS ARS BOD meeting sponsorship - Winston-Salem NC Star Roses
In memory of Earlene Eilerts & Maye Plaisance Carolyn DeRouen In memory of Bruce Collard & Cal Hayes Invitational Rose Seminar
GARDENS OF THE AMERICAN ROSE CENTER ARC Garden Restoration (Tornado Storm Damage) East Bay Rose Society Sue Tiffany Susan Fox
In memory of Tom Mistler Gerald & Connie Schweitzer JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 93
GARDENS OF THE AMERICAN ROSE CENTER In-Kind Donations Rose Society of Tucson (Books) Gulf District-David Austin Garden In memory of Earlene Eilerts Central Louisiana Rose Society Clyde & Marie Bartlett Heritage Rose Foundation Garden In memory of Jim Delahanty Jane Hillman AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY ENDOWMENT TRUST (ARSET) In memory of Earlene Eilerts Dr. Jim & Anne Hering In memory of Patricia Sommer Dr. Jim & Anne Hering In memory of Jim Delahanty Jolene Adams AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY EDUCATIONAL ENDOWMENT TRUST (EET) In memory of Judy Morgan Duneland Rose Society In memory of Earl Parsons Dr. Gary Barlow • Dr. Lew Shupe In memory of Jack Kuzma, Al LeBlanc & Pat Sommer Buckeye District
How to Make a Charitable Contribution to the American Rose Society
Step 1: Please tell us about yourself. Name: __________________________________________________ Address: ________________________________________________ City: ____________________________________________________ State: ______________________ Zip: ________________________ Email: ______________________ Phone: _ ____________________ q Yes, please save postage and thank me via email. Step 2: Please tell us how you prefer your donation be directed. Annual Fund 2012 (Our goal is $160,000) q ARS Operations, to provide vital funding for all services from ARS. q Gardens of the American Rose Center, to provide support for the operation of the Gardens. Endowment Trust Funds (Restricted gifts are not counted towards Annual Fund goal) q ARS Endowment Trust, to provide endowment for society operations q ARS Maintenance Endowment Trust (American Rose Center) q ARS Educational Endowment Trust q ARS Research Endowment Trust Honor/Memorial Fund for the American Rose Center q My gift is in honor of:___________________________________ q My gift is in memory of:_________________________________ q Provide Notification To:_________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Other q Please send a list of current needs. q I would like to give through my Employer Matching Program (a list of participating companies is available at www.ars.org/ donate). q I would like to learn more about estate planned giving opportunites and how they benefit both me and ARS.
Step 3: Please tell us how you wish to make this donation. q I have enclosed a check in the amount of $__________.
In memory of William Sharpe Dr. Gary Barlow • Dr. Lew Shupe AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY MAINTENANCE ENDOWMENT TRUST (MET) In memory of William Sharpe Gainesville Rose Society AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY RESEARCH ENDOWMENT TRUST (RET) In memory of Jack Rascoe & Louis Long Colonial District
q Please bill my credit card for the full amount of $__________. q Please bill my credit card quarterly (4 payments) in the amount of $__________ for a total donation of $__________.
Credit Card Information: q MasterCard q Visa q Discover q Amex Card Number: _ __________________________________________ Exp. Date: __________________ V-Code: _ ___________________ Please mail this form to ARS, P.O. Box 30000, Shreveport, LA 71130-0030, or fax to (318) 938-5405. If you prefer, we would be happy to process your donation by phone at (318) 938-5402 x223. ARS is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization. Contributions are not compensated with goods or services and are deductible for income tax purposes as allowable by law.
Please know that we are so grateful for your generous support. 94 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Our Events Calendar | SMELL THE ROSES
To submit your event, please send the date, event, location, contact name and phone number by e-mail to editorial@ars-hq.org; by mail to American Rose Events, P.O. Box 30000, Shreveport LA, 71130-0030; or through the website at www.ars.org. You may submit your event at any time; however, to have it appear in two publications, please submit your event at least six months prior to the event. If your event is not occurring in the next two months covered by the the date on the issue of American Rose, it may not appear until a future issue due to space limitations.
National events May 9-12 — San Diego, CA — 2014 ARS Spring National Convention & Rose Show, hosted by San Diego RS. Town & Country Resort Hotel. Paula Taylor, 858-485-7429, arosefamilyholidayinfor@ gmail.com, arosefamilyholiday.com Jul. 25-27 — Mt. Laurel, NJ — 2014 ARS All Mini/ Mniflora Conference. Hotel ML. Gus Banks, 609267-3809, jrsyrose@verizon.net Oct. 15-20 – Tyler, TX — 2013 ARS Fall National Convention & Rose Show— Roses In The Piney Woods. Holiday Inn Select, South Broadway, Tyler, TX. Overflow: Best Western Plus, Tyler TX. Jeffrey A. Ware, execdirector@ars-hq.org Schools/Seminars Jan. 19 – Gainesville, FL – Deep South District CR School. Best Western Grand, West 39th St branch, Ralph Stream, 352-591-4474, streamj@ gmail.com Feb. 2-9 – The Norwegian Epic — Norwegian Cruise Lines – ARS Member Cruise CR Seminar. Pat Shanley, 516-458-9148, PShanley@aol.com Feb. 2-9 – The Norwegian Epic — Norwegian Cruise Lines – ARS Horticulture Judges Seminar. Jolene Adams, 510-537-2326, Jolene_Adams@comcast. net Mar. 8 – Morton, IL – Illinois-Indiana District CR School. Dan Keil, 217-429-3468, dankeil_1@yahoo.com
Local Events Jan. 4 – Glendale, AZ – RS of Glendale Pruning & Planting Demonstration. Sahuaro Ranch Park. Candy Sheperd, 623-878-9607, rosebuds1@cox. net, roseglenaz.com Apr. 5 – Glendale, AZ – RS of Glendale Rose Show. Sahuaro Ranch Park. Judy Hudgeons, 602-4694255, rknrose@cox.net, roseglenaz.com Apr. 12 – Encino, CA – San Fernando Valley RS “A Symphony of Roses” rose show. Sepulveda Garden Center. David Bassani, 818-704-5513/818458-1748, greenscapes@sbcglobal.net Apr. 19 – Phoenix, AZ – Phoenix RS Annual Rose Show. Valley Garden Center. Gerry & Dave Mahoney, 623-581-3756, xrose3@cox.net, phoenixrose.org Jun. 7 – Cincinnati, OH – GCRA Rose Show. Eastgate Mall. John Schuster, 513-223-8085, jschuster00701@gmail.com, greatercincinnatiroseassociation.webs.com
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 95
GARDENERS MARKETPLACE | Your Rose Resource Roses Chamblee’s Rose Nursery — Since 1953 10926 US Hwy 69 North | Tyler, TX 75706-5933 903.882.5153 | 1-800-256-ROSE | Fax 903.882-3597 roses@chambleeroses.com Container grown, Own-Root Antique and Modern Garden Roses, Earth-Kind® Landscape roses, Dr. Griffith Buck Roses, David Austin English® Roses, Kordes® Roses, Knock Out® Roses and Drift® Roses. Shipping available September thru May. Visit our online catalog at www.chambleeroses.com
Roses Unlimited A Specialty Nursery. Over 1,000 own-root varieties available. Knowledge, Service & Quality Plants. AARS Winners from 1940, Shrub Roses, Old Garden, Delbards, Griffith Bucks, Kordes, English, Hybrid Teas, Floribundas, Climbers, Miniatures & Minifloras. 363 North Deerwood Drive | Laurens, SC 29360 rosesunlmt@aol.com | 864-682-7673 www.rosesunlimitedownroot.com
HIGH COUNTRY ROSES We specialize in beautiful, hardy roses for tough climates. Canadian, English, Shrub and Old Garden Roses, Floribundas, Minis, Climbers and Species Roses. Over 270 varieties, all own-root, grown and shipped in 5” x 5” pots. ARS members receive 10% discount on roses! For the latest availability, visit us on the web at: www.highcountryroses.com 800-552-2082 | PO Box 22901 | Denver, CO 80222
Old Garden Roses Antique Roses selected for beauty, fragrance, disease resistance and hardiness. Rose Fire, Ltd. 09 394 State Route 34 | Edon, Ohio 43518 Phone (419) 388-8511 Evenings | www.rosefire.com
James & Daisy Mills — K & M Roses 601-648-2908 Fortuniana Grafted Roses For Over 25 Years Hybrid Teas, Exhibition, Old Favorites, Floribundas, Climbers, Minis & Minifloras. Featuring roses from all the major suppliers plus John Smith, Fred Wright, Whit Wells, David Clemons and others. As well as 25 varieties from Eddie Edwards. “Roses You Must Have!” Visit our website: www.kandmroses.com or email us at: Info@kandmroses.com | Fax: 601-648-2151 We also do custom grafting. Visit our nursery by appt. 1260 Chicora River Road | Buckatunna, MS 39322 Rogue Valley Roses Antique, Rare, and Exceptional Modern Roses. Container Grown. Paul Barden Exclusives, Roses from Ralph Moore, Kordes, Delbard, Climbers and Ramblers, Hybrid Teas, Shrubs, Hybrid Musks, Hardy Roses, Miniatures, and Roses from All Classes. 1,500+ varieties www.roguevalleyroses.com Full screen photos, powerful search, printable list. Guarantees and Online Specials. Immediate or delayed shipping available year ’round. 10% discount to ARS members. 541-535-1307 | P.O. Box 116 | Phoenix, OR 97504 96 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Organics Neptune’s Harvest Organic Fertilizers Liquid Fish, Seaweed, Blends, Dry Kelp Meal and Crab Shell. Products show amazing results on roses, including growing the #1 rose in the country. Available at your local Garden Center or call 1 (800) 259-GROW(4769) for FREE catalog. www.neptunesharvest.com
Publications 2014 ROSES WALL Calendar Enjoy roses all year long with the ARS ROSES wall calendar. All photos by ARS members, five photos per month. 11” x 13”. Heavier paper stock. ONLY $10 + Shipping Call 1-800-637-6534 or Visit www.ars.org to order.
Q&A with Dr. John Dickman From 1992 until 2012, Dickman authored the “Questions & Answers” column in every issue of American Rose. He answered the questions clearly, thoroughly and in an entertaining fashion. This compilation covers the most pertinent, and the most interesting, questions and answers from 20 years in American Rose. It is a treasure of information which you will enjoy and find useful. Paperback, 316 pages, includes thorough 17 page index. $19.99 + Shipping To order: www.createspace.com/4247566
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HORIZON ROSES 2013 Available as an ebook for the Kindle and other readers, Horizon Roses is compilation of comments by the nation’s top rose exhibitors on the exhibition potential of the newest hybrid teas, floribundas, miniflora and miniature roses. The 2013 edition contains 1,883 reports by 88 reporters from 30 different states on the exhibition potential of 310 roses introduced in the last five years. The reports include 71 new roses not mentioned in prior issues. Supplementing the comments are photographs of 172 roses on which multiple comments were received.
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THE LAST WORD… continued from page 98
• Resolve to prune bushes to promote optimum new growth. Remove twiggy and dead growth on a timely basis. • Resolve to deadhead spent blooms on a prompt and timely basis. A new cycle of blooms will appear. • Resolve to winterize bushes when frigid conditions are forecast. • Resolve to provide water if it fails to rain for an extended period of time. An extra commandment that makes rose growing worth the effort — share roses with friends — especially shut-ins. It makes the hobby more joyful.
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 97
The Last Word on Roses | And Finally...
RESOLUTIONS Made With
by Ted Mills aka RoseDoc
COMMITMENT
1001 River Hills Drive Chattanooga, TN 37415
rosedoc@aol.com
Excitement reigns supreme on New York’s Times Square as the New Year begins. Thousands join in with a hope for an improvement in global relations. It happens every year as the celebration has become a national tradition. The bells and whistles let the public realize that a fresh year is here at last. For many, the passing of 2013 is a welcomed event. With a seemingly endless war remaining a thorny problem and mass killings in America occurring frequently, it is time for peace to return to a weary world. The return will require a major change in attitude among nations and a big dose of commitment adopted world-wide among the people. Speaking of commitment, rose-growing people need a major overhaul if they want the hobby to survive. Literally millions who are actively growing roses in America have not seen fit to join the American Rose Society (ARS). Since it is the one organization that is primed to lend assistance to people engaged in rose cultivation, a caravan of non-member rosarians need to commit to membership. After all, it is a two-way street. ARS needs them and they will profit greatly by joining this nationwide body of rose-growing experts. It is a training source that unselfishly shares the skill of growing roses to reach blue-ribbon quality. Just how will ARS achieve this lofty goal? RoseDoc is a firm believer that growing ARS membership is the best way to preserve the hobby. Throughout his tenure of writing the Last Word segment of American Rose, the subject of joining ARS has been mentioned. Many of the organization’s ills can be solved with an increase in membership. Sadly, many members have not seen fit to join the parent body. An earnest plea is being given to attract these people to ARS ranks.
98 AMERICAN ROSE | ARS.ORG
Now that RoseDoc has provided a spiel on the very important issue of support for the future of ARS, it is timely to offer resolutions for the New Year. First and foremost there must be an honest self-examination of whether a true love of roses is prevalent. After all, it is through dedicated love for the rose that any endeavor can be accomplished. Once this is attained, the road to floral success is made easier to travel. Make this resolution a part of your being and let it reflect in your endeavor to grow God’s most beautiful flower. RoseDoc has written a New Year’s column for the past eight years. Making resolutions for the New Year seems to be a custom that most people practice. It is advisable to make “kept” resolutions and not be afflicted with “broken” pledges. Far too many resolutions find themselves on the compost pile of good intentions. This year, let’s “make-em” — not “breakem.” Several years ago RoseDoc wrote an article entitled “The Ten Commandments for Growing Roses.” It would be well to repeat these commandments and deem them resolutions for the New Year. • Resolve to develop an abiding love for the rose. • Resolve to select a planting spot that affords adequate sunlight and drainage. • Resolve to choose Grade 1 plants. Avoid paraffin-coated plants. • Resolve to plant the rosebushes in a good planting mix which includes fertile soil, creek sand and organic material with ratio of 1/3 each. • Resolve to fertilize timely. • Resolve to spray bushes weekly in most cases, if you spray. continued on page 97
JANUARY/FEBRUARY | 2014 99
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