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Abstract: Marker-free transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) lines containing a chitinase (ChiC) gene isolated from Streptomyces griseus strain HUT 6037 were produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. One marker-free transgenic line, TC-1, was retransformed with the wasabi defensin (WD) gene, isolated from Wasabia japonica. Of the retransformed shoots, 37% co-expressed the ChiC/WD genes, as confirmed by western and northern analyses. Southern blot analysis showed that no chromosomal rearrangement was introduced between the first and the second transformation. Transgenic lines either expressing ChiC or WD, or co-expressing both genes were challenged with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. nicotianae (Fon). Assessment of in vitro plant survival in the presence of Fon showed that transgenic lines co-expressing both genes had significantly enhanced protection against the fungus (infection indices 0·0-1·2) compared with corresponding isogenic lines expressing either of the genes (infection indices 2·5-9·8). Whole-plant infection indices in transgenic lines were significantly related (r = 0·93, P < 0·01) to the extent of root colonization of the host, which ranged from 2·1% to 11·3% in lines co-expressing both genes, and from 16·8% to 37·7% in lines expressing just one of the genes (compared with 86·4% in non-transformed controls). Leaf extracts of transgenic lines also inhibited mycelial growth of Fon in vitro and caused hyphal abnormalities.

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02352.x Author Address: Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Author: Nusrat Ali, Swapan K. Datta, Karabi Datta Year: 2010 Title: * RNA interference in designing transgenic crops.

Journal: GM Crops Volume 1, Issue 4 July/August 2010.

Label: Expression Rendement Composition Qualite Revue Bioengineering Abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence specific gene silencing mechanism, triggered by the introduction of dsRNA leading to mRNA degradation. It helps in switching on and off the targeted gene, which might have significant impact in developmental biology. Discovery of RNAi represents one of the most promising and rapidly advancing frontiers in plant functional genomics and in crop improvement by plant metabolic engineering and also plays an important role in reduction of allergenicity by silencing specific plant allergens. In plants the RNAi technology has been employed successfully in improvement of several plant species- by increasing their nutritional value, overall quality and by conferring resistance against pathogens and diseases. The review gives an insight to the perspective use of the technology in designing crops with innovation, to bring improvement to crop productivity and quality.

URL: http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/gmcrops/article/13344/ Author Address: University of Calcutta Botany, West Bengal, India Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, West Bengal, India XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Author: O‘Callaghan M, Brownbridge M, Gerard E, Stilwell W, Burgess E, Barraclough E, Christeller J, Year: 2008 Title: ¤ Effect of GM plants on non-target soil biota.

Journal: 10th ISBGMO - 10th International Symposium on the Biosafety of Genetically Modified Organisms Biosafety research : Past Achievements and Future Challenge - Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Cable St., Wellington, New Zealand, Sunday 16 November - Friday 21 November 2008 http://www.isbr.info/sites/default/files/symposia/10th_symposium-2008.pdf Label: InRe ImpactBiol Abstract: Introduction Environmental non-target testing of GM plants has historically focussed on measuring impacts on aboveground ―ecosystem service providers‖ (e.g. natural enemies and pollinators), and insects of cultural or aesthetic value. More recently there has been growing recognition of the need to determine non-target impacts on soil ecosystems. Exposure of non-target soil biota to transgene-derived proteins is likely, especially in plants where the protein is constitutively expressed in all parts of the plant, as both plant residues left after harvest and root exudates released into the soil could contain the transgene-derived protein. Soil microorganisms account for